Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Radiographic Interpretation
Weld Defects & Repairs
Cracks
Branched Crater
Fusion zone
Chevron
Parent metal
Lamellar tearing
Inclusions
Damp electrodes
Contamination
Blow hole
Herringbone porosity Arc length too large
Porosity
Root piping
Copyright © 2004 TWI Ltd M.S.Rogers
TECHNOLOGY
Lack of Fusion
Contamination
Toe Overlap
Butt weld
Toe Overlap
Fillet weld
Low Amps/volts
Poor stop/starts
Miscellaneous Defects
Damp electrodes
Contamination
Arc blow
parent metal
Excessive amps/volts
Excessive weaving
Concave Root
Excessive amps/volts
Excessive root penetration Slow travel speed
Excessive root
penetration
High Amps/volts
Weld crater
Crater pipe
Contamination
Crater pipe
Mechanical Damage
Grinding
Hammering
Chiselling
Chipping
Set-up Irregularities
Linear misalignment is
measured from the lowest
plate to the highest point.
Plate/pipe Linear Misalignment
(Hi-Lo)
Angular misalignment is
measured in degrees
Angular Misalignment
Linear Misalignment
Copyright © 2004 TWI Ltd M.S.Rogers
TECHNOLOGY Set-up Irregularities
Linear Misalignment
Material Inspection
Size / dimensions
Condition
Type / specification
Lamination
Segregation line
Laminations are caused in the parent plate by the steel making
process, originating from ingot casting defects.
Segregation bands occur in the centre of the plate and are low
melting point impurities such as sulphur and phosphorous.
Laps are caused during rolling when overlapping metal does not
fuse to the base material.
Copyright © 2004 TWI Ltd M.S.Rogers
TECHNOLOGY Material Inspection
Plate Lamination
Copyright
Copyright©©2004
2004TWI
TWILtd
Ltd Course notes section references 16 M.S.Rogers
M.S.Rogers
TECHNOLOGY Weld Repairs
Grinding
Chipping
Machining
Filing
Oxy-Gas gouging
Arc air gouging