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    Geochemical cycles encompass the processes that regulate the distribution and movement of chemical elements between different parts of the Earth. They are closely tied to geological and biological processes that operate through consumption and release of substances in the environment. The major geochemical cycles include the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and phosphorus cycle, which describe the movement of water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

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    Geochemical cycles encompass the processes that regulate the distribution and movement of chemical elements between different parts of the Earth. They are closely tied to geological and biological processes that operate through consumption and release of substances in the environment. The major geochemical cycles include the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and phosphorus cycle, which describe the movement of water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

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    28 views19 pages

    Geochemical Cycles

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous lVbhvJf
    Geochemical cycles encompass the processes that regulate the distribution and movement of chemical elements between different parts of the Earth. They are closely tied to geological and biological processes that operate through consumption and release of substances in the environment. The major geochemical cycles include the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, and phosphorus cycle, which describe the movement of water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

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    of 19

    Geochemical Cycles

    Geochemical cycles encompass the


    processes of regulating the chemical
    composition and material balances of
    the solid, liquid, and gaseous parts of
    the earth between surficial
    (secondary environment) and deep-
    seated (primary environment).
    • They are closely tied to many other
    physical, geological, or biological
    processes.
    • The geochemical cycles are
    operated through the geochemical
    Geochemical Cycles
    • This process is mainly based on
    consumption substances from
    environment and releasing
    these again to the
    environment.
    • In the environment, the
    geochemical processes are
    also constituted the
    geochemical cycles as water
    cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen
    cycle and phosphorous cycle.
    Geochemical Cycles

    Figure 1.2.1: Geochemical Cycle
    Geochemical Cycles

    Figure 1.2.2: General Concept, GCC
    Water Cycle
    r as vapor , sometimes as liquid and sometimes as
    d ( surface runoff , lakes and streams ).
    tes ) between different geographic locations .
    Water Cycle
    floodplains , marshes and alluvial aquifers ),
    tation , percolation , runoff and is driven by s
    Atmosphere
    (Water Vapor)
    Pr Ev Ev Ev
    ec Pr Pr
    ap ec ap ec ap
    ip or or or
    it ip ip
    at it at it at
    at io io io
    io at at
    n io n io n
    n Depression Storage
    ( Land surface, ice, snow) n
    Lakes, Ponds, Streams & Riversn Ocean Ri
    Overland (Surface Water) (Sea Water) si
    Inf Vap flow ng
    ilt or ma
    rat mov
    ion gm
    eme a
    nt
    in
    Vadose Zone
    Runof vo
    ( Soil Moisture ) f lc
    Interflow an
    Dra
    ina Cap o
    ge ill
    gra ary
    vit ris
    y e
    Saturation Zone
    ( Groundwater ) S
    Base flow Su e
    bd a
    uc f
    ti l
    on o
    Lithosphere o
    (Magmatic water) r
    v
    e
    n
    Water Cycle
    Water Cycle
    Water Cycle
    Nitrogen
    (Atmospheric )

    Denitrification
    NO3  N2
    Nitrogen Fixation
    (Rhizobium , clostridium azobacter)

    Nitrate Formation Nitrate as plant food


    nitrobacteria Organic Nitrogen Formation
    NO2
    NO3 Plants
    nitrification Fixed nitrogen
    Proteins
    Hetero
    trophi animals
    c
    specie
    Nitrite Formation s Soil Organic Nitrogen
    Nitrosomonas reduce (Excretory products, dead parts of
    NH3 nitrat animals & plants deposited in soil)
    NO2 es to
    Synammoni
    thes
    a viais o
    f
    nitrit cellul
    es ar p
    rote
    Ammonia Formation in b Organic Nitrogen
    Amino acid y ut
    iliz Degredation
    Ammonia ing (Formation of complex mixtures
    ammonification ammo
    nia of amino acids)

    Figure 1.2.9: Natural nitrogen cycle


    Figure 1.2.11: Carbon Cycle Summary
    Nitrogen Pathway
    Phosphorous Pathway
    Potassium Pathway

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