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Is Youssouf Male a Slave? By Michael Finkel, New York Times
Magazine, 18 ) ( .2001
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Tolerance in Medieval Spain (Boston: Little, Brown,
( 2002
5
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.2002
! "" Ole
Murad Wilfried Hoffman, Religion on the Rise: Islam in
the Third Millennium (Beltsville, Maryland: Amana,
.2001 ), p.3
.
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Tariq Ali, The Clash of Fundamentalisms: Crusades,
Jihads and Modernity ( London, New York: Verso, 2002 ),
.p. 56
Mahmoud Ayoub, The Islamic Tradition, Willard G. 7
Oxtoby, ed., World religions: Western Traditions (Don
.Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press, 2002 ) p. 395
8
.Tariq Ali, The Clash of Fundamentalisms, p. 34
George Rafael, A is for Arabs, www.salon.com 9
.January 8, 2002

 10 Khalid Duran, Children of Abraham: An Introduction

to Islam for Jews (Hoboken, New jersey: Ktav Publishing
.House/American Jewish Committee, 2001 ), p. 100
11 Khalid Duran .105
12 .103
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Wisdom, translation and notes by Charles E. Butterworth
( ( Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2001
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15 .
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.Prometheus Books, 1995 ), p. 248
16 Mahmoud Ayoud, The Islamic
.Tradition,World religions: Western Traditions, p. 398
17 .392
18
reistance and Reform, The
.Internationalist, May 2002

Islam:

www.newint.org .

Sardar,

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 19 Alexander Stille, Radical New Views of Islam and the

Origins of the Koran, New York Times, May 2, 2002
2 ) ( .2002
.
.
Arabs and Others in Early Islam, in the International Journal
of Middle East Studies, Vol. XXXII, No. 2, May 2000, pp. 277.79
20 www.qoqaz.com
.
21 Bat Ye or, Islam and Dhimmitude: Where
Civilizations Collide ( Madison, New jersey: Farleigh
( Dicknson University Press, 2002
22 .37
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Abdulaziz Sachedina, The Islamic Roots of democratic
Pluralism (Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,
.2001 ), p. 67
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.House/American Jewish Committee, 2001), p. 56
26 .57
27
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Middle Ages (princton: Princton University Press, 1994), p.
.126
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www.scholarofthehouse.org
29 News from Egypt: Tried and Found Guilty of Deriding
Islam
www.secularislam.org

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.2002 "
50 1889
84 1909 200
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Bernard Lewis, Muslim and Anti-Semitism, The Middle East
Forum, June 1998, p. 3 of online version
3 www.meforum.org
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How the war began, Jerusalem Post, September 19, 2002
19 ) ( .2002
31 ""
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A NewAnti-Semitic Myth in Middle East Studies: The
September 11 Attacks Were Perpetrated by the Jews,
.Washington, D.C., 2002, p. 3
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common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United
States of America, Volume 97, issue 12, June 6, p. 10 of online

.version. Down load this report at www.pnas.org

3 .104 :17
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Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem,
(1947-49 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989
5 Kanan Makiya, Can Tolerance be Born of Cruelty in the
Arab World? New Perspectives Quarterly, Winter 2002, p. 3
.of online version. Read it at www.digitalnpq.org
6 Paul Adams, Tourists, investors shun Beirut despite
.facelift, Globe and Mail, 27 March, 2002
7 Arieh Avneri, The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land
Settlement and the Arabs 1878-1948 (New Brunswick, New
.jersey: Transaction Books, 1984), p. 114
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.July 1037), p. 135
10 Sandra Mackey, Passion & Politics: The Turbulent World
.of the Arabs (New York: Plume, 1994), pp. 121-22

.
11 10 ) ( 1938
News Chronicle
Maurice Pearlman, Mufti of Jerusalm: The Story of Haj Amin
.el Husseini (London: V. Gollancz, 1974), p. 20

" : . .
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Paul Adams, Protests a rare sign of support by Palestinians for
.a ceasefire, Globe and Mail, May 21, 2003
12

.Maurice Pearlman, Mufti of Jerusalem, p. 29

13
Robert Wistrich, Hitlers Apocalypse: Jews and the Nazi
.Legacy (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985), p. 164
:
Swastika, Crescent and Star of David and Militant Islam
."and Arab Nationalism
30 ( ) Sir Martin Gilbert 14
.2003 ( )
15
.Mufti of Jerusalem, p. 51
16

Walid Khalidi, Revisiting the UNGA Partition resolution,
.Journal of Palestine Studies, Issue 105, Autumn 1997, p. 11
818 " :
499 " ." 10 " "
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17
Bernard Lewis, The Middle East: 200 years of History from
the Rise of Christianity to the Present day (Weidenfeld &
.Nicolson, 1995), p. 365
Gilles Kepel, Jihad: The Trail of Political islam 18
.(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002), p. 53
19
Gaber Asfour, Osama bin Laden: Financier of Intolerant
Desert Islam, New Perspectives Quarterl, Winter 2002.
.Donwload at www.digitalnpq

 20 " " )
( 6 ) ( .2002
21 " " 2 ) ( .2002
Independent Media Review Analysis
.

.
22
Yousef Al-Yousef, Israeli propaganda nominated for Oscar,
.www.arabia.com, March 21, 2002
"
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24 .
25
Yosef Lapid, To my candid, envious friend, Jerusalem Post,
.June 13, 1995
""
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27 ) ( 1998 .6
Edward said, Israel-Palestine: a third way, Le Monde
.Diplomatique (English translation), September 1998, p. 6

 28 .7

29 ] [ .
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30
www.memri.org

Robert Wistrich, Muslim Anti-Semitism: A Clear and Present
(Danger (American Jewish Committee, 2002
.
31 .
32 .
. " "
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. This I Believe
" " .
33
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14 ) ( 2002 "

"...
34 David Matas, Israel and the Palestinians: Myths and
realities (Institute for International Affairs of BNai Brith
Canada, 2001), p.5
Matas " :

30 ) ( 1933 8 ) ( .1945
.
" "

.
35
Amnon Rubinstein, A minority within a minority, Haaretz,
.October 7, 2002
Alex Lowenthal
"
."
. 36
Toys R Us
[ ] Blockbuster Video
37
Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree (New York:
.Farrar, Straus Giroux, 1999), p. 278
38
Irfan Husain, When will we ever learn? DAWN, December
.21, 2002
39
Farid Esack, On Being a Muslim: Finding a Religious Path in
.the World Today (Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 1999), p. 15
[ ] 40
41
Fareed Zakaria, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy
at Home and Abroad (New York: W. W. Norton, 2003), pp.
.135-36
2001 ( ) 5 ( ) 42
Hala Boncompagni, Japanese pocket monster Pokemon
game fans passions in Jordan, Agence France Presse wire

.service, April 5, 2001

Boncompangi
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.www.whitehouse.gov
45 29 ) (
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( 21 ) ( .2002
47
Mary Anne Weaver, Revolution by Stealth, New Yorker, June
.8 1998
48 ) ( 21
) ( .2002

Jon B. Alterman, Egypt: Stable but for How Long?, The 49

Washington Quarterly, Volume 23, Number 4, Autumn 2000, p.
.115
21 ( ) 50
. .2002 ( )
Rami Khouri, Dont stifle a rare Arab voice of 51
.moderation, Globe and mail,July 5, 2000
Claudia Winkler, Egypts Sakharov, Weekly Standard, 52
July 31, 2002, p. 1 of online version. Download at
.www.weeklystandard.com
.www.memri.org 53
Reform in the Arab Muslim World
October 15, 2000: Liberal Arab Intellectuals Call on President
.Mubarak to Free Dr. Saad Al-Deen Ibrahim
.
54
.
55
Amir Taheri, The Arab Role, National Review Online,
.December 20, 2002
56
Tom Friendman, Breaking the Circle, New York Times,
.November 16, 2001
The Nation "
."
11 ( ) 57
.1947 ( )
.2002 ( ) 13 58
Akbar Ahmed and Lawrence Rosen, Islam and Freedom 59

.of Thought, www.islamfortoday.com (archived), p. 2

) www.bbc.co.uk, 16 60
.2002 (
Akbar

Ahmed,

Reforming the Madrassah, 61

.www.beliefnet.com (archived), p. 1

Le Nouvel Observateur 62
.76 1998 ( ) 21 15
63
Naom Chomsky, Drain the swamp and there will be no more
mosquitoes, The Guardian, September 9, 2002, p. 1 of online
.version
.Donahue, MSNBC, August 2, 2002 64
65
John Esposito, A Response to The place of Tolerance in
Islam, Boston Review, February/March 2002, p. 2 of online
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Reforming the Prophet: The Quest for the Islamic Reformation
( (Toronto: Insomniac Press, 2002
4 Fareed Zakaria, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal
Democracy at Home and Abroad (New York: W. W. Norton,
.2003), P. 145


Living Dangerously, National
Geographic, March 2001

Tracy Dahlbi, Indonesia:

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(August 27, 1888 (New York: HarperCollins, 2003
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Islam, New Perspectives Quarterly, Winter 2002, p. 1 of
online version. Download at www.digitalnpq.org
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.Journal, December 6, 2006
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(2003
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.Seminary, 1984), p. 41
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12 V. S. Naipaul, Our Universal Civilzation, The Writer and
the World: Essays (New York and Toronto: Knopf, 2002), p.
.508
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David C. Lindberg, Theories of Vision from Al-Kindi to Kepler
.(Chicago University Press, 1976), p. 18
14 " " What Went
Wrong
.www.islamonline.net, June 16, 2002
15
Murad Wilfried Hoffman, Islam: The Alternative (Reading,
.UK: Garnet, 1993), p. 32
16
"
.
".

What Went Wrong? Western Impact and Middle East response

.(Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2002), p. 95

17 Karen Armstrong, A question of faith (review of Richard
Fletchers The Cross and the Crescent), The Guardian, March
.1, 2003, p. 3 of online version
18
.What Went Wrong? P. 92
19
.93
20 Richard Behar, Pakistan: A Kidnapped Nation, Fortune,
.April 29, 2002, p. 3 of online version
) ( 2003
The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press
44 . "

"
" . 71
!

Views of a Changing World 2003

.hppt://people-press.org
21 . 4 )
( 2002 2 .
22 .
.
.
23 4 ) ( 2002

 1 .
24 Nicholas Kristof, Watch What You Say, New York
.Times, June 21, 2001
25 Dr. Abdulla Al-Tarekee, A Muslims Relations with Non-
Muslis, Enmity omr Friendship, p. 28

.
" " Saudis Spread Hate
.Speech in U.A
9 ) ( .2002
26
Zainah Anwar, Modern and Moderate, Islam, Asiaweek,
.September 16, 1997, p. 34
27
Anthony Spaeth, Trouble in Purdah, Time International,
.April 8, p. 2 of online version
28 " Ken Wiwa
7 ) (
" " " .
" "
Jihad versus Miss World, Globe and Mail , November 30,
.2002, p. 2 of online version
29
David Remnick, The Experiment: Will Turkey be model for
.Islamic Democracy? New Yorker, November 18, 2002, p. 51
30

Patrick Graham, Troubled Turkey goes to polls, National

Post, November 2, 2002 and Tom Friedman, There is Hope,
.New York Times, October 27, 2002
31
Khalid Duran,Muslim world at a crossroads, Washington
.Times, January 4, 2002
32
Karim Raslan,Indonesias moderate Islamists, Foreign
.Policy, July-August 2002, Issue 131, pp. 77-79
33
Mohammed Omar Al-Amoudi,Face the facts, Arabs, Arab
.News, May 29, 2002
34
Marwan Muasher, A Path to Arab Democracy, New York
.Times, April 26, 2003
35
Saad Mehio, A specter is haunting the Middle East
.democracy, The (Beirut) Daily Star Online, October 1, 2002



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1 Zainab Salbi, Oprah, October 7, 2002
Women for Women International
www.womenforwomen.org
2 Eric Boehlert, The Arab baby boom, www.salon.com,
.October 18, 2001
3 United Nations Arab Human Development Report 2002
.(New York: UNDP/RBAS, 2002), p. 37
.2002
4 The Arab World: Let the Numbers Speak,
p.3
5 Peter Stalker, The Non-Nonsense Guide to International
.Migration (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2001), p. 3
6 to

Guide

The Non-Nonsense

Maggie Black,

International Development (Toronto: Between the Lines,

.2002), p. 66
Maggie Black, p. 65 7
" " 8
][ " The Clash of Fundamentalisms
.( 29 " )
" :
) "

.( 28 :4
Bill Clinton, The Struggle for the Soul of the 21 st 9
.Century, New Perspectives Quarterly, Spring 2002
www.digitalnpq.orgDownload at
10
Herman de Soto, The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism
Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else (New
(York: Basic Books, 2000
Peter Schaefer 11
)Institute for Liberty and Democracy
.2003 ( )12 (
Elaine Kamarck, Freedom through Islam, Toronto 12
.Star, February 15, 2002
.128 13
Richard Haass, Towards Greater Democracy in the 14
Muslim World (Speech to the Council on Foreign Relations,
.Washington, D. C.), December 4, 2002, p. 6 of notes
www.wluml.org 15
found under Part One: The Context of our Struggle

 Programs .www.manartv.com 16
Perspective
David Hoffman, Beyond Public Diplomacy, Foreign 17
Affairs, March-April 2002, Volume 81, Issue 2, p. 5 of online
.version
Dr. Ayesha Imam on Metro Morning, CBC Radio 18
.(Toronto), December 3, 2002
Riffat Hassan 19
Elaine Kamarck, Freedom through Islam, Toronto Star,
/February 15, 2002
20
.

Julie Salamon, Seeking a Global Faith in the details, New

.York Times, May 9, 2002

21
Albert Hourani, A History of the Arab Peoples (New York:
.Warner Books, 1991), p. 17
.
( ) 22
.Another Leaf, Globe and Mail letters, February 6, 2002
Sheila Dropkin, Wake Up Arafat, Globre and Mail 23
.letters, February 7, 2002
.2002 / 9 24
Edgar M. Bronfman, The Boos: A Mideast Moment, 25
.New York Times letters, May 14, 2002

 26 Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, The Dignity of Difference: How to

Avoid the Clash of Civilzations (London, New York:
Continuum, 2002), p. 59

.
"
" . .
.2003
" " "
" . .
21/ :2003
Mitch Potter, Cavalcade of rainbow flags raises tension in
.Jerusalem,, Toronto Star, June 21, 2003
27 Jonathan Sacks .60
28
.
29 Islam in Asiatic dress,
.Haarzdaily.com February 23, 2003

Liberal

Galili,

Lily

30 Fareed Zakaria, The Future of Freedom: Illiberal

Democracy at Home and Abroad (New York: w. w. Norton,
.2003), p. 136
31 MEMRI Special Report Arab Antisemitism, No. 9,
.November 1, 2002


MEMRI .
"/ 2003
" " .

" .

 .
:
Yigal Carmon, Harbingers of Change in the Antisemitic
Discourse in the Arab World, MEMRI Inquiry and Analysis
Series No. 135. Download at www.memri.org
32 MEMRI Special Dispatches Series No. 59, November
.19, 1999
MEMRI .

33 MEMRI Special Report- No. 2, February 8, 1998
34 22/
2003 24/.
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35 11 / 2002
] Middle East Abrahamic Forum [.
36

.
37 Martin Luther King Jr. Letter from Birmingham Jail,
April 16, 1963. Download at www.nobelprizes.com
38
Anthony W. Marx, Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins of

Nationalism (ondon and New York: Oxford University Press,

2003). A good primer is provided by Alexander Stille,
Historians Trace an Unholy Alliance: Religion and
.Nationalism, New York Times, May 31, 2003
39 Charles Jacobs, Why Israel and not Sudan, is singled
.out, Boston Globe, October 5, 2002
40 .
41 Michel Houellebecq, Lire, September 2001, p. 4 of online
.transcript. Download at www.lire.fr
42 Oriana Fallaci, The Rage and the Pride (New York:
.Rizzoli, 2001), p. 137
43 ) (
23/ .1998
44 Women Key to Effective Development, World Bank
.issues press backgrounder, December 6, 2001
Engendering Development 2001, World Bank
.Research report
45 Peter Stalker, The No-nonsense Guide to International
.Migration, p. 50
46
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14 ) ( .2002
3 Daniel Pipes
Lars Hedegaard
Muslim extremism: Denmarks had enough, National Post,
.August 7, 2002
4 Yasmin Alibhai-Brown, After Multiculturalism (London,
.Foreign Policy Centre, 2000) p.7
5 ?Sulayman S. Nyang, Why the Public square
www.projectmaps.com
6 " "
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8
Capital Games, The Nation, February 10, 2002, p. 2 of
.online version
9 www.wluml.org, found under Part One: The context of our
Struggle
10 . Mathew A. Levitt
)
(
1 ) ( .2002
11 " " World on Fire (New York:
( Doubleday, 2003
Amy Chua "
...
".
12 Numbers in the News: Is there really an army of terrorists
in our midst? New York Times Magazine, February 26, 2002,
.p. 12
13 Mandela condemns US stance on Iraq, www.bbc.co.k,

.January 30, 2003

14 Mike Downie
Ron Diebert Big
Ideas TVOntario 24 ) (
] .2002 [.
15
The America the Rest of the World Knows
) . (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 2003
Peter Scowen
Toronto Star
. "


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.
16 :
Bssam Tibi, The Challenge of Fundamentalism: Political Islam
and the New World Disorder (Berkley: University of California
.Press, 1998), p. 205
17 Amin Maaluf, In the Name of Identity: Violence and the
.Need to belong (New York: Arcade Publishing, 2001), p. 106
18 James Lyons, Islamic court condemns author who depicts
Jesus as homosexual, The Independent, October 30, 1999, p. 1
.of online version
19 .

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1 27 ) ( .2002
2 Josh Tyrangiel, Israeli Jews in the Dragnet, Time
.Canada, December 10, 2001. P.41
3 David Hassan, US to reissue Eid Stamp on Oct. 10,
.Arab News, September 17, 2002, p. 1 of online version
4 WWW.isna.net
5 Queen Noor, leap of Faith: Memoirs of an Unexpected
.Life (New York: Miramax Books, 2003),p. 18
6
Solomon Moore, After the Attack: Expressions of
Support Surprising to Muslims, Los Angeles Times,
.September 26, 2003
7 Doug Saunders .
"

.



.


".
8
Solomon Moore, After the Attack: Expressions of Support
Surprising to Muslims, Los Angeles Times, September 26,
.2001
9 .256 :2
10 .6 :109
11 .49 :5 93 :16 "
"...
12 28 ) ( 2002
] [
13 26 )
( .2003
14 Yossi Klein Halevi, At the Entrance to the Garden of
Eden: A Jews Search for God with Christians and Jews in
.the Holy Land (New York: William morrow, 2001), p. 105
15
.
www.mideastoptimist.com



" "

.


.

.
.
.

.

The Koran, N.J. Dawood, trans. London: Penguin
.Classics, 1956 and updated 1999
Ajami, Fouad. Dream Palace of the Arabs: A
Generations Odyssey: New York: Pantheon Books,
.1998
Ali, Tariq. Shadows of the Pomegranate Tree. London:
.Chatto, 1992
Ibid. The Clash of Fundamentalisms: Crusades, Jihads
.and Modernity. London: Verso, 1002
Alibhai-Brown, Yasmin. After Multiculturalism.
.London: The Foreign Policy Centre, 2000
Armstrong, Karen The Battle for God: A History of
.Fundamentalis. New York: Ballantine, 2000
& Ibid. Islam: A Short History. London: Wiedenfeld

.Nicolson, 2000
Ibid. Was it Inevitable? in James F. Hoge Jr. and
Gideon Rose, eds. How Did This Happen? Terrorism
and the New War. New York: Public Affairs/Council on
.Foreign Relations, 2001: pp. 53-70
Armstrong, Sally. Veiled Threat: The Hidden Power of
.the Women of Afghanistan. Toronto: Penguin, 2002
Asfour, Gaber. Osama Bin Laden: Financier of
Intolerant Desert Islam, New Perspectives Quarterly
.18, no. 1 (Winter 2002): pp.41-43
Barber, Benjamin R. Jihad vs McWorld: How the
Planet is both Falling Apart and Coming Together and
What this Means for Democracy. New York: Times
.Books, 1995
Barlas, Asma. Believing Women in Islam: Unreading
Patriarchal Interpretations of the Quran. Austin:
.University of Texas Press, 2002
Buckman, (Dr.) Robert. Can We Be Good Without God?
Behaviour, Belonging and the Need to Believe. Toronto:
.Penguin, 2000
Cohen, Mark. Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in
the Middle Ages. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University
.Press, 1994
Counts, Alex. Give Us Credit: How Muhammad Yunus
Micro-Lending Revolution is Empowering Women from
.Bangladesh to Chicago. New York: Times Books, 1996
Duran, Khalid. Children of Abraham: An Introduction
to Islam for Jews. Hoboken, N.J.: Ktav Publishing
.House/American Jewish Committee, 2001
El-Fadl, Khaled Abou. Speaking in Gods Name:
Islamic Law, Authority and Women. Oxford, UK:
.Oneworld Publications, 2001
Ibid. With Tariq Ali, Milton Viorst, John Esposito, et al.
The Place of Tolerance in Islam. Boston: Beacon Press,

2002. Edited by Joshua Cohen and Ian Lague for

.Boston Review
Fakhry, Majid. Averroes (Ibn Rushd): His Life, Works
.and Influence. Oxford: Oneworld, 2001
Feiler, Bruce. Abraham: A Journey to the Heart of
.Three Faiths. New York: William Morrow, 2002
Firestone, Reuven Children of Abraham: An
Introduction to Judaism for Muslims. Hoboken, N.J.:
Ktav Publishing House/American Jewish Committee,
.2001
Friedman, Thomas L. The Lexus and the Olive Tree:
Understanding Globalization. New York: Farrar, Straus
.Giroux, 1999
Georgetown University Center for Muslim-Christian
Understanding, papers (eg. The Need for Civilizational
Dialogue and Islamists and the Challenge of
.(Pluralism
Al-Ghazaly, (Sheikh) Muhammad. The Future of Islam
.(Outside its Land (available at www.ghazaly.net
Halevi, Yossi Klein. At the Entrance to the Garden of
Eden: A Jews Search for God with Christians and
Muslims in the Holy Land. New York: William Morrow,
.2001
Hartman, (Rabbi) David. A Heart of Many Rooms:
Celebrating the Many Voices within Judaism.
.Woodstock, Vt: Jewish Lights Publishing, 1999
Hofmann, Murad Wilfried. Islam: The Alternative.
.Reading, UK: Garnet, 1993
.Ibid. Islam 2000. Beltsville, Md.: Amana, 1997
Ibid. Religion on the Rise: Islam in the Third
.Millennium. Beltsville, Md.: Amana, 2001
Hourani, Albert A History of the Arab Peoples. New
.York: Warner Books, 1991

Huntington, Samuel. The Clash of Civilizations and the

Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon &
.Schuster, 1996
Ibn Rushd. The Books of the Decisive Treatise
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Ignatieff, Michael. Blood and Belonging: Journeys into
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Kepel, Gilles. Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam.
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Kuala Lumpur International Forum on Islam 2002,
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Lester, Toby. What is the Koran? The Atlantic
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Lewis, Bernard. The Middle East: 2000 Years of
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Maalouf, Amin. In the Name of Identity: Violence and
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Mackey, Sandra Passion & Politics: The Turbulent
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Maimonides. The Guide for the Perplexed. Culver City,

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Makiya, Kanan Cruelty and Silence: War, Tyranny,
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Pipes, Daniel. The Hidden Hand: Middle East Fears of
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Sachedina, Abdulaziz. The Islamic Roots of Democratic

Pluralism. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,

.2001
Sacks, (Rabbi) Jonathan. The Dignity of Difference:
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Said, Edward. Covering Islam: How the Media and the
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Salem, Ali. A Drive to Israel: An Egyptian Meets his
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Sardar, Ziauddin. Islam: Resistance and Reform, New
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Taha, Mahmoud Mohamed. The Second Message of
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Tibi, Bassam. The Challenge of Fundamentalism:
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United Nations Arab Human Development Report 2002
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Warraq, Ibn. Why I am Not a Muslim. Amherst, New
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Wolfe, Michael and producers of Beliefnet, eds. Taking

Back Islam: American Muslims Reclaim Their Faith.
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World
Bank
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Yeor, Bat Islam and Dhimmitude: Where Civilizations
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Zachary, Pascal. The Global Me: New Cosmopolitans
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Zakaria, Fareed The Future of Freedom: Illiberal
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.Norton, 2003




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