Storage Basics

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Agenda
Who uses storage products / services How we convert information into data we can store. EMC Hardware Storage products EMC Storage management software.

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 EMCs primary functions

Information Protection Information Management Information Sharing

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 Within the last 20 years, the need for information storage has proliferated so much that it is more efficient to have data stored electronically on hard drives

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Data Storage (1)

We interact with EMC Storage products and services everyday

HOST

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Aer Lingus
Customer requests flight over the phone. Aer Lingus Data Center HOST

Fare is charged to Credit Card VISA INTL Data Centre HOST

Eircom Data Centre HOST Phone call is charged by provider. Customer billing info stored on Symmetrix
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 EMC is the premier provider of storage systems and solutions for numerous customers involved in diverse businesses

Partial list of EMC customers

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How do we convert text into data?

Binary Digit = Bit

Single bits

0100 0101 0100 1101 0100 0011

8 bits = 1 Byte

C
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Scientific notation why bother?

8bits = 1byte x1000 = 1kilobyte x1000 = 1Megabyte x1000 = 1Gigabyte x1000 = 1Terabyte x1000 = 1Petabyte
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1 1,000 1,000,000 1,000,000,000,000 1,000,000,000,000,000 1,000,000,000,000,000,000

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Storage Requirments - How much do you need?

One character requires 8 bits or 1 Byte An average page contains 5000 characters, requiring 5,000 Bytes of storage, or 5 kilobytes (5kb) A 200 page book would require 5000 Bytes x 200 = 1,000,000 Bytes or 1Megabyte (1Mb) Formatting will make text files bigger, and graphics takes a lot of storage, perhaps 1 Mb

Video + sound can take even more, 2 hours of TV quality video = 4Gb
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How do we convert information into electronic data?

Manual Data entry Typing Transaction Processing facilities (TPFs) Digital signals e.g. Audio / visual Image scanning e.g. X-rays, Billing Applications.

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Classification of Computers
Desktop basic average PC Workstation high spec desktop (better graphics card and VDU, more RAM) usually used for engineering purposes like CADCAM Server a high spec desktop (multi processor, multi interface) used to manage a network resource, like a printer or database Mainframe / Supercomputer very powerful computer, able to support thousands of users at once.
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Mainframe: ESCON (Enterprise Storage CONnection)

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 A host is a computer that services requests associated with software applications

Word Processors Database Programs Web Browsers Development Tools Communications Programs Drawing Programs Image Editing Programs Print Programs

Application requests come from multiple users who are normally remotely connected
SAC 101
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Open Systems Hosts

Sun Hewlett Packard IBM Silicon Graphics (SGI)

Fujitsu Siemens

Bull NCR Lucent

NEC

Novell

NT Celerra

Even EMC manufactures a host

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Host Manufacturers

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How do we store DATA?

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Tape Storage
Host Tape Very Slow - Sequential Access Very Cheap - 1 per Gigabyte - High Capacity Non Volatile Portable Fragile wears with repeated use
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Disk Storage
Host Disk Relatively Slow - Mechanical Relatively Cheap - 4 per Gigabyte Non Volatile Relatively Portable Fairly robust sealed case, optical = non-contact
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RAM Storage
Host DRAM Extremely Fast - Electronic Extremely Expensive - 250 per GigaByte Volatile? Portable? R&D Robust No moving parts
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Integrate Cache and Disk Array

Host
DRAM Host is still forced to wait for the Disk Arrays Mechanical access time Cache

Disk Array

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