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Naming Ionic Compounds
Naming Ionic Compounds
Monatomic Ions
Made
from a single atom gaining or losing an electron (based on valence electrons) Element Oxidation # + Li 1 + Be 2 O 2 F 1 Writing ions- write symbol, write charge as a superscript
+3
anion Name the cation first (typically a metal) just as it appears on periodic table Na+ Sodium Ca+2 Calcium
transition metals have more than one oxidation number If the transition metal has more than one oxidation number, you must represent it with a Roman Numeral in its name
column always +3, no Roman Numeral needed F-block always +3, no Roman Numeral needed Ag always +1, no Roman Numeral needed Cd & Zn always +2, no Roman Numeral needed
& Pb either +2 or +4 Sn & Pb and all other transition metals oxidation # will be determined by uncrossing the criss-cross (Ill explain in a minute) Examples: Fe+2 Iron II Fe+3 Iron III Al+3 Aluminum Cu+2 Copper II
the anion next (typically a nonmetal) Change the ending to ide Cl- , chlorine chloride O-2 , oxygen oxide **If the anion is a polyatomic ion, the name stays the same**
How to determine the Oxidation Number of Transition Metals Identify metal as a Transition
with multiple oxidation numbers Uncross the criss-cross If nothing to uncross, identify the charge of the anion (they will always only have one oxidation number), charges have been simplified Transition metal charge is the same as anion charge (just +)
the charge on each part of the compound (cation and anion) Rememberthe sum of the oxidation numbers MUST EQUAL ZERO Add subscripts to balance charges (can be done with crisscross method)
1 Cl
Extra Rule
Cant
change a Polyatomic Ions subscripts (if you need multiple polyatomics, you must put the ion symbol in brackets) Ex. PO4 = has a -3 charge
must know the root polyatomic ion (the ones on our list) Oxygens can either be added or subtracted from the formula we know When that happens, the polyatomic ion name changes