Examination Data Sheet NA = 6.022 1023 mol1 R = 0.

08206 Latm/(Kmol)
pH = log K a [HA]initial

R = 8.314J/(Kmol) pKw =14.00 pH = -log[H+]

[HA]initial 400 K a

R = 1.985 cal/(mol.K) Kw = 1.00 1014 pX = -log[X] pH = pKa 1

pH = pK a + log mol A mol HA

h = 6.626 1034 Js Kw = [H3O+][HO] pH + pOH = pKw Kw = Ka Kb

pH = pK a + log [ A ] [ HA]

pKa + pKb = pKw

[H + ] = K a (mol HA)initial (mol A )initial

[H + ] = K a

[HA]initial [A ]initial

Moles =

grams g = molar mass MM

Kb =

[BH + ][HO ] [B]

[C ]c [ D]d [ A]a [ B ]b

Ka =

[H + ][A ] [HA]

x=

b b 2 4ac 2a

wt % =

mass solute 100% mass solution

K eq = m=

PV = nRT
= iMRT
M= moles of solute L of solution

Xa =

moles a moles total

w component =

mass solute mass solution

moles of solute kg of solvent

d=

mass m = volume V

X = X final X initial
o Psolution = X solvent Psolvent

o P = X solute Psolvent

o Ptotal = X A PA + X B PBo

V = nRT

[At] = [Ao] - kt

Cg = kg Pg
C1 C2 = P2 P 1
k ln 2 k 1 Ea = R 1 1 T T 1 2

T f = K f m

[At] = [Ao] e-kt t1/2 = [Ao] / 2k

E 1 ln k = ln A a * R T

t1 / 2 =

1 k[ X ]0

t1 / 2 =

ln 2 k

1 1 = kt [ X ]t [ X ]0
k = Ae Ea / RT G = H TS
E = q + w

ln

[ X ]0 = kt [ X ]t
n g

ln[ X ]t = kt + ln[ X ]0
H soln = H solv't H components

Tb = K b m
G = RT ln K

K p = K c ( RT ) K eq = e G

/ RT

Stotal = Ssys + Ssurrounding Esystem = KEsystem + PEsystem H = E + ngasRT

Rate = (concentration ) t

E = Eproducts Ereactants S = Sproducts Sreactants G = Gproducts Greactants

E = q v
PV = n gas RT
w = PV

H = q p
H = E + PV
[]25 = D (observed ) cl

H = H f products H f reactants

G = Gf products Gf reactants S = S products S reactants

n gas = (moles gas, products) (moles gas, reactants)

H = (BDE of bonds broken) (BDE of bonds formed)