ENGINEERING CALCULUS 1 (MTH 1112) CHAPTER 0. REVIEW 1.

Definitions Function, Domain and Range A function f is a rule that assigns exactly one element in a set B to each element in a set A, written as = ( ). Set A is called the domain of f while the set of all values ( ) in B is called the range of f i.e. { ( )| }. Thus set A of is referred to as independent variable and set B of as dependent variable. 2. Vertical Line Test Any correspondence meeting the requirement of a function i.e. matching exactly one to each , could be graphically verified using a vertical line test, any vertical line should intersect the graph in at most one point. 3. Definition Inverse Function Let and have domains and , respectively , and that . If ( ) = ( ) = ( ) = ( ) is defined for all and

( ) is defined for all then

is the inverse of , written

( )

, ,

and

. Equivalently,

is the inverse of ,

Note that

4. Definition (1) One-to-One Function A function A function is a one-to-one function when for every { } for which = ( ). { }, there is exactly one

= [ ( )]

5. Definition (2) One-to-One Function

6. Horizontal Line Test

is one-to-one if and only if the equality ( ) = ( ) implies

In graphical terms, a function is a one-to-one iff every horizontal line intersects the graph in at most one point usually referred to as the horizontal line test. 7. Theorem A function has an inverse if and only if it is one-to-one.

8. The symmetry of a function and its inverse - The graph of an inverse function ( ) is essentially the reflection of the function ( ) through the = line, making it possible to map an unknown inverse function. 1|Page

ENGINEERING CALCULUS 1 (MTH 1112)

Example: Let f ( x )

x 3 1 , then f 1 ( x ) 3 x 2 1 . The plot below shows the relation between f ( x) and

25 20 15 10 5 0 -10 -5 -5 -10 0 5 10 15 20 25 y=sqrt(x^3+1) y=x y=(x^2-1)^1/3

f 1 ( x ) i.e. reflection upon the line y x .

2|Page