. 1561-51 .

1565-51

6
10400
. 0 - 2299 - 4813 0 - 2299 - 4797

..2551

. 1561-51 . 1565-51
ISBN 978-974-16-5837-4
1 .. 2551 200

1.
(. 1561-51)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

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3
3
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10
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(. 1562-51)
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2.
3.
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7.
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9.
10.

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(. 1563-51)
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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51

4.
( . 1564-51)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

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57
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59
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9.
1

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5.
(. 1565-51)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1

2
3
4
5 AWS D1.1/D1.1M

67
67
69
69
70
71
76
79
79
79
81
82
86
92
95

. 1561-51

(Standard Method for Weldment Examination in Steel Structure with Visual Method)
1.
1.1

1.2
(Heat Affected Zone)



1.3

1.4
1.4.1 690 (7,036
)
1.4.2 3
1.4.3 SI (International System Units)
1 9.806
2.
(Weld)

(Visual Examination)

(Acceptance Criteria)

. 1561-51:

 (Welding Procedure Specification)

(Discontinuity)

(Steel Structure)
690 (7,036 )
3
(Heat Affected Zone)


(Inspection Report)

(Written Procedure)


(Operator)
(Flux)
(Atmospheric Contamination)
(Weld Bead)
(Defect)

(Work Procedure)

(Base Metal)
(Slag)

. 1561-51:

3.
3.1 ASTM A514/A514M-05: Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and
Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for Welding.
3.2 ASTM A517/A517M-06: Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel,
High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered.
3.3 ASTM A709/A709M-07: Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges.
4.
4.1

. 1
.
. 0.1
.
. 2-5
.
.
4.2 (Borescope)
(Fiber Optic) (Endoscope) (Video Camera)
12

5.
5.1
5.1.1 25
(Slag)

5.1.2 300 30
( 1)

. 1561-51:

150

1
: BS EN 970:1997 Page 3
( 6.1.2)
5.1.3 350 500
5.1.4

5.1.5

5.1.6
ASTM A514 ASTM A517 ASTM A709
100W
48
5.2 5


5.2.1
5.2.1.1
5.2.1.2
5.2.1.3
5.2.2
5.2.2.1

. 1561-51:

5.2.2.2

5.2.2.3

5.2.2.4

5.2.3
5.2.3.1 (Slag)
5.2.3.2 (Grinding)
5.2.3.3 ( 1)
5.2.3.4
5.2.3.5
5.2.3.6 ()
5.2.3.7
5.2.4
5.2.4.1
5.2.4.2
5.2.4.3 ()
5.2.5
5.2.5.1

5.2.5.2
5.2.5.3 ()
5.2.5.4
5.3 (Written Procedure)

5.3.1 --

5.3.2
5.3.3
. 1561-51:

5.3.4
5.3.5
5.3.6
5.4 (Work Procedure)

6.
1 2.1 2
1 1)
( 5.2.3.3, 6)

1.
2.

(Crack)
(Porosity)

2.1.
. (Butt Joint)
(Groove)
(Full
Penetration)

.
( .) 1 . (1/32 )

(Fillet)
(1) 10 . (3/8 )
25 . (1 )
(2) 20 . (3/4 )
300 . (12 )
: 1) 2.1 2

. 1561-51:

 1 ( ) 1)
( 5.2.3.3, 6)

2.
()

(Porosity)

2.2.
.

1
.
100 . (4 )
( .)

2.5 . (3/32 )
. (Fillet)
.1.

1
100 . (4 )

2.5 . (3/32 )
.2
2)
(Stiffener) (Web)
(1) 10 . (3/8 )
25 . (1 )
(2) 20 . (3/4 )
300 . (12 )

3

(Crater Cross
(Intermittent Fillet Weld)
Section)
: 1) 2.1 2
2) (Stiffeners)

. 1561-51:

 1 ( ) 1)
( 5.2.3.3, 5)

4.

(Undercut)

4.1.
. 25 .
(1 )

.
25 . (1 )

(1)
1 . (1/32 )
(2) 2 .
(1/16 )
50 .
(2 ) 300 .
(12 )
2 .
(1/16 )

4.2.
. (Primary Members) 0.25 .

(0.01 )

5.

(Undersized
Weld)

. .

1 .
(1/32 )

5.1.

10

5.2 (Fillet Weld)

(Web) (Flange)

5.3 (Fillet Weld) (Specified Nominal Size: L)
. L 5 . (3/16 )

2 . (1/16 )
. L = 6 . (1/4 )

2.5 . (3/32 )

. L 8 . (5/16 )

3 . (1/8 )

: 1) 2.1 2

. 1561-51:

 1 ( ) 1)
( 5.2.3.3, 6)

6.

7.
8.

9.

10.
11.

(Convexity)

(Fillet Weld) (Width of Weld

Face: W)
. W 8 . (W 5/16 )
2 . (1/16 )
. 8 < W < 25 . (5/16 < W < 1 )
3 . (1/8 )
. W 25 . (W 1 )
5 . (3/16 )
(Overlap)

(Incomplete
Fusion)

(Reinforcement)

(Underfill)

(Flush Surface)

3 . (1/8 )

.
(Reinforcement)

5 1 .
(1/32 )
1 . (1/32 )

: 1) 2.1 2

. 1561-51:

 1 ( ) 1)
( 5.2.3.3, 6)

(Surface
Finishing)

(Grinding)
6.3 (0.0063 125 )
. 3.2 6.3
(Primary Stress)
(0.0032 0.0063 . 125 250
)
.
3.2 (0.0032
. 125 )
: 1) 2.1 2
12.

7.
7.1


7.2
.. 1561 1)
8.
8.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1, 2004 Edition, Printed in the
United States of America.
8.2 American Welding Society AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006: Structural Welding Code Steel, An
American National Standard, Printed in the United States of America, Reprinted March 2006.
8.3 British Standard BS EN 970-1997: Non Destructive Examination of Fusion Welds-Visual
Examination.

10

. 1561-51:

 1
.. 1561

..1561

() ........................................................
..
.
....
:
:
:
:
:
:

..
:

:
/
()

/

/

...................................
.............................
...............

()..........................................

- ( )
- ()

. 1561-51:

11

2.1
AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 5.4
( 7, 1)
12

. 1561-51:

 2.1 (Convexity)

( 2.1)
(W) 1)

(Convexity: C)

W 8 . (W 5/16 )

2 . (1/16 )

8 . < W < 25 . (5/16 < W < 1 )

3 . (1/8 )

W 8 . (W 1 )

5 . (3/16 )

: 1)

. 1561-51:

13

 14

. 1561-51:

. 1562-51


(Standard Method for Weldment Examination in Steel Structure
with Ultrasonic Testing)
1.
1.1
(Butt Weld) 8 200

(Groove Weld)
1.2


1.3


1.4
1.4.1 690 (7,036
)
1.4.2 8 200
1.4.3 SI (International System Units)
1 9.806
2.
(Scanning)

(Weld)


1 6
. 1562-51:

15



(Attenuation)

( - (Shear Wave)
2 25 25
)
(Acceptance Criteria)

(Horizontal Reference Line)

(Discontinuity)

(Steel Structure)
690 (7036 )
8 200
(dB)

(Reference Reflector)

(UT Reference Blocks)

(IIW) AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006

(Heat Affected Zone)


(Inspection Report)

(Written Procedure)


16

. 1562-51:

 (Operator)

(Weld Bead)
(Defect)


(Indication)
(False indication)
(Peak Echo)

(Indication Rating)
2
4
(Indication Level)

(Reference Level) (Horizontal Reference-Line Height

Indication)

(Zero Reference Level)

(Work Procedure)

(Sound Path Distance)

(Base Metal)
(Leg)
1

. 1562-51:

17

LEG
I

LEG

II

1 (Leg)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Annex K, Page 32
( 2)
(Amplitude) A-Scan
(Peak) (A-Scan Rectified Presentation)
3. (Written Procedure)



3.1
3.2
3.3 (Probe)
3.4
3.5 (Couplant)
3.6

3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
18

. 1562-51:

3.14
()
3.15 ()
3.16 ()
3.17
3.18
4.
4.1 - (Pulse Echo
Ultrasonic Instrument) A-Scan 1 6
4.2 (Straight-Beam Search Unit Longitudinal Wave
Search Unit) 323 645
2 4
2.3 2
4.3 (Angle-Beam Search Unit)

4.3.1 2 4
4.3.2
15 25 (5/8 13/16 ) 15 20
(5/8 1 ) 3 2
4.3.3 2
70 60 45
3.2 2
4.3.4
3.1 2
4.3.5
25.4 4
2
5.
5.1

. 1562-51:

19

5.2 30

5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.3
5.3.1 A
5.3.2 5.3.3
5.3.2

5.3.3

50 75
5.4
5.4.1
(1)
( 2.1 2.2 2)
(2) 125 250


400 500
3.3 2
:

5.4.2 (Zero Reference Level)
( b
.. 1562 1)
4
3.4 2
20

. 1562-51:

6. (Testing Procedures)
6.1 (X-Line)
6.1.1
( )
(Centerline)

( C 1)
6.1.2
6.2 (Y-Line)

6.2.1 (Weld Identification)

6.2.2 A ( 1)
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.3
( )
6.4 (Couplants)
6.4.1

(Wetting Agent)

6.4.2

6.5 (Extent of Testing)

6.5.1
(Laminar
Reflectors) 4.2 5.3


. 1562-51:

21

 A

6.5.2 1 3
6.5.3
1

6.5.2.1
. 1561-51
6.5.2.2 A B
6.5.2.3
6.6
4.3
5.4
(Calibrated Gain Control)
3 5
6.6.1 1
6.6.2


3.1 3

(
)
6.6.3


a . . 1562
d

22

. 1562-51:

6.6.4 (Attenuation Factor: c) . . 1562

25 2
( 0.5
0.5 )
6.6.5 d .. 1562 1

6.6.5.1
abc = d
(1)
6.6.5.2
bac = d
(2)
6.7
3
6.8
6.8.1 2 (1)
(2)
7 ( 2
4 )
6.8.2
. . 1562 1
6.9

. 1562-51:

23

 1
()
( 6.1.1, 6.2.2, 6.5.3, 6.6.1)
() 1)
2)
3)



(1/4 )
( )
(1/4 )
1
70
70
70
2
60
60
60
3
45
45
45
4
60
70
70
5
45
70
70
6
70 (G,A)
70
60
7
60 (B)
70
60
8
70 (G,A)
60
60
9
70 (G,A)
60
45
10
60 (B)
60
60
11
45 (B)
70
45
12
70 (G, A)
45
70 (G, B)
13
45 (B)
45
45
14
70 (G, A)
45
45
15
70 (G, A)
70 (G, B)
70 (G, B)
: 1) 1 (6) (7)
2) 1 1 (7)
3)
( I
1 ())

()

24

. 1562-51:

 1 ( )
()
( 6.1.1, 6.2.2, 6.5.3, 6.6.1)
(.1) ( 8 110 ) 1), 2)

3)

8 38
*
I II

()
>38 45
>45 60
>60 90
*
*
*
I
II
I
II
I
II
1G
1G
1
F
F
F
4
5
F
F
F
1
4
5
XF
XF
XF
F 1G F 1G F
1
XF
4
XF
5
XF
1G
1G P1
1
O
1**
4
3
P3

>90 110
*
I
6
7
7
6
7
6
7

II
F
F
XF
F
XF
P3

(.2) ( 110 200 ) 1), 2)

3)

>110 130
*
I
8
10

10

8
10

11
15

II
F
F
XF
F
XF
P3

()
>130 160
> 160 180
*
*
I
II
I
II
9
12
F
F
11
13
F
F
11
13
XF
XF
9
F
13
F
11
XF
14
XF
11
15

P3

11
15

P3

>180 200
*
I

II

12

11
15**

P3

1)
. I 1 ()
. II 1 (6) (7)
2) 1
3) 1 1 (7)

()

. 1562-51:

25

 1 ( )
1 1
( 6.1.1, 6.2.2, 6.5.3, 6.6.1)
A

A
C
B

(Transmitter)

(Receiver)

C
B

X
-

X
1 ()

1
1
(1) A Leg I

(2) (Roots)
A Leg I A (

)
(3) Leg II Leg III ()
()
() ()
6.6.2
(4) Leg III
Leg I
Leg II

()

26

. 1562-51:

 1 ( )
1 ( )
( 6.1.1, 6.2.2, 6.5.3, 6.6.1)
1 ( )
(5) (Cyclic loading)
() ( A)
(Final leg) B A
() ( B)
A B
() A
Leg II B Leg I

(6) 1G, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14 15

A
(7) 1
() X C
() G
() O
() A (
)
() B A ()
() C
() * II 1 ()
I
() ** 1 () 400
500
() P (Tandem)
45 70
( )


() F
70 60 45

: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006, Table 6.7

. 1562-51:

27

7.
7.1 (Statically Loaded Nontubular
Connections)
7.1.1 7.1.2
2 3
7.1.2
7.1.2.1 A B C
D ( 3.1 3) 2
3
25
7.1.2.2 E ( 3.1 3)
2
3
7.1.2.3
2
3
7.1.3
( B 3.1
3)
7.1.4
20 ( 70 ) 45 ( 45 )

(
. 1565-51 )
7.2 (Cyclically Loaded Nontubular
Connections)
7.2.1
7.2.1.1 4
5
7.2.1.2 2
3
28

. 1562-51:

7.2.2 (Planar Discontinuities)

7.2.2.1


( B 5 3)

7.2.2.2

( )
( . 1565-51
)
7.2.3
7.2.3.1 A B C
D ( 3.1 3) 2
3
25
7.2.3.2 E ( 3.1 3)
2
3
7.2.3.3
4 5

. 1562-51:

29

 2

( 2, 6.6, 6.8.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2.1, 7.1.2.2, 7.1.2.3, 7.2.1.2, 7.2.3.1, 7.2.3.1, 7.2.3.2)

8T 20
6)

700
A

+5

T7)() ()
20<T 38
700
+2

+6

+3

+7

+4

38<T 65
700 600 450

65<T 100
700 600 450

100<T 200
700 600 450

-2

+1

+3

-5

-2

-7

-4

-1

-1

0
+1

+2
+3

+2

+3
+4

+5
+6

+4

+5
+6

+7
+8

-4

-3
+2

+2
+3

-1

0
+1

+2
+3

+1

+2
+3

+4
+5

-6

-5
-4

+2
+3

-3

-2
-1

+2
+3

+1
+2

+3
+4

D
+8
+5
2
1) B C
. 2 2L L
2

.
B C
1
2) 2L
B C ( L )
3) :
3 50
. 1565-51
4) 7.1
()

30

. 1562-51:

 2 ( )

( 2, 6.6, 6.8.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2.1, 7.1.2.2, 7.1.2.3, 7.2.1.2, 7.2.3.1, 7.2.3.2)
( ) 2
5) 4
. A (: Large Discontinuities)

. B ( : Medium Discontinuities)
20
. C (: Small Discontinuities)
50
. D (: Minor Discontinuities )

6)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006, Table 6.2

3

( 7.1.1, 7.1.2.1, 7.1.2.2, 7.1.2.3, 7.2.1.2, 7.2.3.1, 7.2.3.2, 2)

, SP1)

()
()
SP 65
14
65 < SP 125
19
125 < SP 250
29
250 < SP 380
39
:
1) (SP) 2 ()
2)
3
6.6.5 4 ( d
4 )
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006, Table 6.2

. 1562-51:

31

 4
(Cyclic loading)
( 2, 6.6, 6.8.1, 7.2.1.1, 7.2.3.3)

8T 20
5)

700
A

+10

T6)() ()
20<T 38

38<T 65

65<T 100

100<T 200

700

700

600

450

700

600

450

700

600

450

+8

+4

+7

+9

+1

+4

+6

-2

+1

+3

+5

+6
+7

+8

+8

+9
+10

+11

+10

+11
+12

+13

+2

+3
+4

+5

+5

+6
+7

+8

+7

+8
+9

+10

-1

0
+1

+2

+2

+3
+4

+5

+4

+5
+6

+7

+9

+12

+14

+6

+9

+11

+3

+6

+8

+11

+9

+12

+10

+13

+11

4
1) B C
. 2 2L L
2

.
B C
1
2) 2L
B C ( L )
3) 7.2.2

()

32

. 1562-51:

 4 ( )
(Cyclic Loading)
( 2, 6.6, 6.8.1, 7.2.1.1, 7.2.3.3)
( ) 4
4) 4
. A : Large Discontinuities)

. B (: Medium Discontinuities)
20
. C (: Small Discontinuities)
(1) 50
(2) 20

. D (: Minor Discontinuities)

5)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006, Table 6.3

5
(Cyclic Loading)
( 7.2.1.1, 7.2.3.3, 4)

, SP1)

()
()
SP 65
20
65 < SP 125
25
125 < SP 250
35
250 < SP 380
45
: 1) (SP) 2 ()
2)
5
6.6.5 4 (
d 4 )
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006, Table 6.3

. 1562-51:

33

8.


( )

9.
9.1
. . 1562 1
9.2


10.
10.1 , ,
, , 2535
10.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineer ASME Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1, 2004 Edition,
10.3 American Welding Society AWS D1.1/D1.1M-2006: Structural Welding Code Steel,
An American National Standard.
10.4 British Standard BS EN 1712-1997: Non Destructive Examination of Fusion welds-UT
Examination of Weld Joints Acceptance Levels.
10.5 British Standard BS EN 1713-1998: Non Destructive Examination of Fusion Welds-UT
ExaminationCharacterization of Indication in Welds.
10.6 British Standard BS EN 1714-1998: Non Destructive Examination of Fusion Welds-UT
Examination of Welded Joint.

34

. 1562-51:

 1

.. 1562

..1562


()
........................................................
..
.
....
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

.............................
: : .. : ....................................................
: ............................................ : ........................................
:

()
X

(Leg)

1
2
3
4
5
6
. 1562-51

- ()
- ()

. 1562-51:

35

 2
1.
2.1

2. (Longitudinal Mode)
2.1
2.1.1 G
2.1.2 25
50 75 100
2.2
2.2.1 G 2.2
2.2.2
50 75
2.3
2.3.1 F
2.3.2
3. (Shear Wave Mode or Transverse Mode)
3.1 (Index Point)

3.1.1 D
3.1.2

3.2
3.2.1 B 40
60
3.2.2 C 60
70

36

. 1562-51:

3.2.3 2.2

( 2 )
3.3
3.3.1 D
3.3.2 100 200
225 ( 100 230
1 100 200
2 2.1)
3.4
3.4.1 A
3.4.2
1.59
(Reference Level, b)
. . 1562

. 1562-51:

37

. 1

. 2
2.1
(International Institute of Welding: IIW)
( 5.4.1, 2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 6.22

38

. 1562-51:

 2.2
( 5.4.1, 2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 6.24

)
eight
(H

2.3
( 4.3.2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 6.20

. 1562-51:

39

15.2

2.4
( 4.3.5)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 6.21

2.1
( 2 2.4)

: X
()
45
50
60
37
70
25
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Chapter 6.29.2.6

()

40

. 1562-51:

 3
1.
1.1 (Lamellar Discontinuity)



6
1.2
5.3.1


2.
2.1
D ( 2 4 7)
2.2
6 2 4

..1562
2.3 A B
C
3. (Scanning)
( 3.1)

3.1 (Longitudinal Discontinuities)
3.1.1 A a 10
3.1.2 B b

3.1.3 C c

. 1562-51:

41

3.1.4 A B C

3.2 (Transverse Discontinuities)
3.2.1 D

3.2.2 E
e 15

:
1)
D
2)

3.1
(6.6.2, 7.1.2.1, 7.1.2.2, 7.1.3, 7.2.2.1, 7.2.3.1, 7.2.3.2, 2 3, 3 3)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Figure 6.24

42

. 1562-51:

. 1563-51


(Standard for Weldment Examination in Steel Structure
with Magnetic Particle Testing Method)
1.
1.1

1.2
(Heat Affected Zone)


1.3

1.4
1.4.1 690 (7036
)
1.4.2 3
1.4.3
1.4.3 SI (International System Units)
1 9.806
2.
(Weld)

(Magnetic Particle Testing)

(Discontinuity)

. 1563-51:

43



(Discontinuity)


(Steel Structure)
690 (7036 )
3
(Heat Affected Zone)


(Inspection Report)

(Written Procedure)


(Operator)

(Defect)


(Indicator)

(False Indication)


(Weld Bead)
(Base Metal)

44

. 1563-51:

3.
American Society For Testing and Materials ASTM E709-95: Standard Guide For
Magnetic Particle Examination.
4.
4.1 (Prods Technique)
.
. (Single Prod) (Double Prod)
(Coil Technique)
4.2 (Yoke Technique)
.
.
4.3 (Magnetic Particle Field Indicator)
ASTM E709

4.4 (Black Light)
.

. 330 390
1000
4.5 (Field Indicator)
4.6 (Wet Magnetic Particles)
2 (1) (Visible Type) (2) (Fluorescent Type)
(Dry Magnetic Particles)

4.7 (White Contrasting)

. 1563-51:

45

5.
5.1 .6
5.2
5.2.1 (As Welded)


5.2.2

/ 25


5.2.3

80 (0.08 )
5.3
5.3.1 (White Light)

5.3.1.1 5.2
5.3.1.2

5.3.1.3
5.3.1.4
5.3.1.5 3 5
5.3.1.6
5.3.2 5.3.1
(Black Light)
5.3.2.1
5.3.2.2 5

46

. 1563-51:

5.3.2.3 5
1000
8
5.3.3


5.3.4 2 2

5.3.5
(Magnetic Particle Field Indicator)

5.3.6


6. (Written Procedure)



6.1 --
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7

. 1563-51:

47

6.8

6.9
6.10
6.11
7. (Work Procedure)

8.
8.1 (Nonrelevant Indication)
1.6 (1/16 )
8.2 (Relevant Indication)
1.6 (1/16 ) 2
8.2.1 (Round Indication) 3
8.2.2 (Linear Indication) 3

8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2 4.8 (3/16 )
8.3.3 4
1.6 (1/16 )
9.
9.1

9.2


9.3

. .1563 1
48

. 1563-51:

10.
10.1 .() 803-2542 (Standard Method for Magnetic Particle
Examination).
10.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1, 2004 Edition, Printed in the
United States of America.
10.3 American Welding Society AWS D1.1/D1.1M-2006: Structural Welding Code Steel, An
American National Standard, Printed in the United States of America, Reprinted March 2006.
10.4 British Standard BS EN 1291:1998 Non-destructive Examination of Welds- Magnetic
Particle Testing of Welds- Acceptance Levels.
10.5 International Organization for Standardization ISO 9934-1: Non- Destructive Testing
Magnetic Particle Testing Part 1: General Principles.

. 1563-51:

49

 1

.. 1563

()

........................................................
....
:
:

. . 1563
..
.

:
:
:
:

:

.............................
:
/

.............................

........................................ ..........................
().......................................................
................................. ......................
:
......................
.........................
:

()
/

: ()....................
. 1563-51

- ( )
- ()

50

. 1563-51:

 2


1. (Prods Techniques)
1.1 1 2
70 200 (3 8 )
1


1
1.2 (Prod Magnetization Technique)
(1)

. 19 (3/4 )
4 5
(100 125 )
. 19 (3/4 )
3.6 4.4
(90 110 )
(2) 75
(3 ) 200 (8 )
(3)
(4) 25
(Arc)

. 1563-51:

51

 1
( 2 1.1)
: www.ndt-ed.org
2.
(Longitudinal Magnetization Technique)
2.1

2

(Magnetic Field)

2
( 2 2.1)
: www.ndt-ed.org

52

. 1563-51:

2.2
(1)
. L 450 (18 )
450
. D
D
.
1) L/D 4 10

x = 35,000 / [(L/D) + 2]
(1)
: 250 (10 ) 50 (2 )
(1)
x = 35,000 / (250/50 + 2) = 5,000
2 5,000/2 = 2,500
10 2,500250
2) L/D 2 4 10

x = 45,000 / (L/D)
(2)
. L/D 2
. 225 (9 )

(Artificial Flaw Shims)
. 1,200 4,500 x


3. (Circular
Magnetization Technique)

. 1563-51:

53

(External Magnetic Field)

(Electric Current)
3
( 2 3)
: www.ndt-ed.org
4. (Yoke Technique)
4 5

6 (1/4 )

(Current Carrying Wire)

(Magnetic Flux in Legs of Yoke)

(Crack Indication)

(Magnetic Flux in Part)

4
( 2 4)
: www.ndt-ed.org

54

. 1563-51:

()

()
5
( 2 4)
: www.ndt-ed.org

5. (Multidirectional Magnetization Technique)

3 120



(Magnetic Field Indicator) 6 7

. 1563-51:

55

 6
( 2 5)
: www.ndt-ed.org

7
( 2 5)
: www.ndt-ed.org

56

. 1563-51:

. 1564-51


(Standard for Weldment Examination in Steel Structure with Penetrant Testing Method)
1.
1.1

1.2 (Discontinuity)
(Heat
Affected Zone)

1.3

1.4
1.4.1 690 (7,036
)
1.4.2 3
1.4.3
1.4.4
(Visible Penetrant)
(Fluorescent Penetrant)
1.4.5 SI (International System Units)
1 9.806
2.
(Weld)

(Liquid Penetrant Testing)
(Liquid Penetrant)
. 1564-51:

57


(Capillary Action)
(Wetting Ability)


(Discontinuity)


(Steel Structure)
690 (7036 )
3
(Heat Affected Zone)


(Inspection Report)

(Written Procedure)


(Operator)

(Approved by)
(Weld Bead)
(Defect)


(Indicator)

(False Indication)


58

. 1564-51:

 (Base Metal)
3.
3.1 ASTM International ASTM E165: Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
3.2 EN ISO 3452-2: Non-destructive testing -- Penetrant testing -- Part 2: Testing of Penetrant
materials
3.3 International Organization for Standardization EN ISO 3452-3: Non-Destructive Testing Penetrant Testing - Part 3: Reference Test Blocks
3.4 Japanese Industrial Standards JIS Z 2343-3:2001 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing
- Part 3: Reference test blocks
4.
4.1
(Spray Can)
4.1.1 (Cleaner)

4.1.2 (Penetrant)

4.1.2.1 (Solvent)
4.1.2.2 (Visible Penetrant)
(Fluorescent Penetrant)
4.1.3 (Remover)

4.1.4 (Developer)

(Nonaqueous Wet Developer)
4.1.5 ASTM E165 EN ISO 3452-2

4.1.6


4.2

. 1564-51:

59

4.3 (Black Light)

320 380 1000

4.4 (Reference Test Block)

EN ISO 3452-3 ASME V
Article 6 Appendix III JIS Z 2343-3
4.5 4.1
5.


5.1 6
5.2
5.2.1 (As Welded)

5.2.2
/
25

5.2.3

5.2.4

5.3
5.3.1 5.2
10 52
4.4

5.3.2
1000 (100 -)
5.3.3
5
60

. 1564-51:

 5
1000 8

5.3.4

5.3.5


5

5.3.6
(
)
5.3.7



5.3.8



5.3.9



7 60
5.3.10

. 1564-51:

61

6. (Written Procedure)



6.1 --
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.6
6.7
6.8
7.
7.1 (Nonrelevant Indication)
1.6
7.2 (Relevant Indication)
1.6 (1/16 ) 2
7.2.1 (Round Indication) 3
7.2.2 (Linear Indication) 3

7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2 4.8 (3/16 )
7.3.3 () 4
1.6 (1/16 )
8.
8.1

8.2

62

. 1564-51:

8.3
. . 1564
1
9.
9.1 .() 804-2544 (Standard Method for
Liquid Penetrant Examination)
9.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Section V,
An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1,2004 Edition, Printed in the United
States of America.
9.3 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Boiler and Pressure Code, Section VIII,
Division 1, An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1, 2004 Edition, Printed in the
United States of America.
9.4 American Welding Society AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006: Structural Welding Code Steel, An
American National Standard, Printed in the United States of America, Reprinted March 2006.
9.5 British Standard BS EN 571-1: 1997 Non-destructive Testing- Penetrant Testing, Part 1.
General Principles.
9.6 International Organization for Standardization EN ISO 3452: Non-Destructive TestingPenetrant Inspection General Principles.
9.7 International Organization for Standardization ISO 23277: Non-destructive Testing of
Welds- Penetrant Testing of Welds-Acceptance Levels.

. 1564-51:

63

. . 1564

.. 1564

()
........................................................
..
.
....
:
:
:
:
:
:

:

.............................
: / ...................
:

Solvent Cleaner / Remover : .................................................................... .................................................
Solvent Removable Penetrant : ................................................... ..........................................
Nonaqueous Wet Developer : ..................................................... ..........................................
()
/

:
().................
. 1564-51

- ( )
- ()

64

. 1564-51:

 2
1 4

. 1564-51:

65

66

. 1564-51:

. 1565-51

(Standard for Weldment Examination in Steel Structure
with Radiographic Testing Method)
1.
1.1

1.2


1.3

1.4
1.4.1 690 (7036
)
1.4.2 3 (1/8 )
1.4.3
1.4.4 SI (International System units)
1 9.806
2.
(Radiographic Testing)



(Panoramic Exposure)


(Weld)

. 1565-51:

67

 (Graininess)
(Silver Halide) (Metallic Silver)

(Discontinuity)

(Steel Structure)
690 (7036 )
3 (1/8 )
(Image Quality Indicator: IQI)
(Wire Type) (Hole Type)

(Radioactive Element)

(Heat Affected Zone)

(Inspection Report)

(Written Procedure)


(Operator)

(Approved by)
(Penetrameter)
(Penetrating Power)
(Defect)

68

. 1565-51:

 (Indication)

(False Indication)


(Weld Bead)
(Base Metal)
(Work Instruction)

3.
3.1 ASTM E94 - 04 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination.
3.2 ASTM E747: Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping
Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology.
3.3 ASTM E1025: Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping
Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology.
4. (Written Procedure)



4.1
4.2
4.3 (Isotope) (X-Ray Voltage)
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8 (Intensify Screen)
4.9
4.10
4.11
. 1565-51:

69

4.12
4.13
5. (Equipment Used)
5.1
2
5.1.1
5.1.2 -192 (Ir-192)

-60 (Co-60)
5.2
(Industrial Radiographic
Film) ASTM E94 3
5.2.1 1 (Type I)
(Low Speed, Very High Contrast, Very Low Graininess)
5.2.2 2 (Type II)
(Medium Speed, High Contrast, Low Graininess)
5.2.3 3 (Type III)
(High Speed, Medium Contrast, High Graininess)
5.3 (Image Quality Indicator: IQI) (Penetrameter)
(IQI) (Hole Type) (Wire Type)
3 1 IQI 3 2
IQI
5.4 (Intensifying Screen)

1 2

5.5 (Safelight)
(Safelight)

70

. 1565-51:

5.6 (Viewing Facility)

5.7

(Calibrated Step Wedge Film)
0.05
6.
6.1 4

6.2
6.2.1
(Spatter)

6.2.2 ( )


6.3
6.3.1

(Penetrameter)

2 3 2 1 2 3

6.3.2
.. 2504

6.3.3 (Weld Reinforcement)

(Grinding)

. 1565-51:

71

6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6

6.3.7
6.3.8

6.3.9

(Tabs)1

(Grinding)
/
3.2


1 2 5.2




6.3.8.1 (Geometric Unsharpness)
( )
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, Article 2.
6.3.8.2
(Panoramic
Exposures)
6.3.8.3 7

26.5
(Normal Line)

600 kVp -192
-60

(Tabs)

72

. 1565-51:


65 (2.5 )
6.3.10 IQI IQI 4
2
6.3.11

(Excessive Undercut by
Scattered Radiation)

6.3.12

12
6.3.13 350 (14 )

6.3.8
6.3.14 B
13 1.6
B
6.3.15
(Heat Affected Zone)


6.3.16


.
.
.
.
.

. 1565-51:

73

6.3.17
1.8
2.0
2.6
1.3 4.0

6.3.18 ( H&D) H&D

D = log I/I
(1)

D H&D ( )
I
I
6.3.19
3
3.0 4.0
6.3.17
6.3.20 (Identification Marks)
(Radiograph Identification Mark)
(Location Identification Marks) 1

20
(3/4 )

(Location Identification Marks)

(Fabrication)

74

. 1565-51:

6.3.21 (Exposure Technique)

6..3.21.1 (Single Wall Technique with Single Wall

Viewing)
3
IQI
7 4
6.3.21.2 (Double Wall Technique with Single Wall
Viewing)

3 IQI 8 4
6.3.21.3 (Double Wall Technique with Double Wall
Viewing) 90
2
7


90 2 9
4 2 3
60 IQI
10 4
6.3.22 1
6.3.22.1
(Dark Room)


6.3.22.2

(Automatic Film Processor)

(Manual Processing) 6.3.22.2

. 1565-51:

75

(1) (Developing)
(Black Metallic Silver)

(2) (Stop Bath)
(Developer)
(Acetic Acid)

(3) (Fixing)
(Fixer)
(Harden)

(4) (Washing)

(5) (Wetting Agent)

(6) (Drying)

7.
7.1


2
(1) (Rounded Discontinuities)


(2) (Elongated Discontinuities)

7.2 (Statically Loaded Nontubular

Connections)

76

. 1565-51:

7.2.1

(1)
11 5
(2) (Clearance) 11
5
(3) (E/3
E ) 6
50 10

2.5

(4) (Isolated Discontinuities)

11
5

(5) 2.5
(2E/3) 10 25
(1) (2) (3)
(6) (In-Line Discontinuities)
(E) 6 (6E)
6

7.2.2 12 13 5 7.2
7.3 (Cyclically Loaded
Nontubular Connections)

7.3.1

. 1565-51:

77

(Fusion Type Discontinuity) 2

B 14 5

(Root) (Flange)
(Web) C 14
5
7.3.2
(Design Drawings)
3 B

C 15 5
7.3.3 2 7.3.1 7.3.2
2
10 25
7.3.4 14 15 38
38
7.4
7.4.1

(1) 16 20
5
(2) 16
5
(3)

() 16 20
5
() 16 17
19 5 ( I III )
() 18
20 5 ( II IV)
78

. 1565-51:

(4)
16 20 5

(5) 2.5
(2E/3) 10 25
(1) (2) (3)
(6) (In-Line Discontinuities)
(E) 6 (6E)
6

7.4.2 12 13 5

8.



9.
9.1
9.2


9.3
..1565 1
10.
10.1
, , 2535
10.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Boiler And Pressure Vessel Code,
Section V, An International Code, Non Destructive Examination, July 1, 2004 Edition.

. 1565-51:

79

10.3 American Society of Testing and Materials. ASTM E142: Standard Method for
Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing
10.4 American Society of Testing and Materials. ASTM E1032: Standard Test Method for
Radiographic Examination of Weldments.
10.5 American Society of Testing and Materials. ASTM E 1742-06, Standard Practice for
Radiographic Examinations.
10.6 American Welding Society AWS D1.1/D1.1M-2006: Structural Welding Code Steel.
10.7 British Standard BS EN 1435-1997: Non-Destructive Examination of Fusion Welds-RT
Examination.

80

. 1565-51:

 1

..1565

()

.. 1565

........................................................
..
.
....
: ..
:
:
: ...
................................ ...........................
:

........................................................
:

:
: .......... ...........
................. .
:
92
60
.....................................
.........................................
IQI
............................................
.......................................................
: ............................................................... ...............................................................
:
: ..................................... .......................................................
()

. 1565-51

- ( )
- ()

. 1565-51:

81

1
2 (Hole Type IQI)
3 (Wire Type IQI)
4 (IQI)

1
( 5.4)

(.)
> 150 Kvp
0.127 (0.005 )
Ir -192
0.127 (0.005 )
Co-60
0.127 (0.005 )
: ASTM E1742-06

82

. 1565-51:

 2 (Hole Type IQI)

( 6.3.1, 2 4)
(Hole Type IQI)
IQI
IQI
1)

2)

.
4)
4)
3)
3)
IQI
IQI
0.25
6
10
4T
7
4T
0.25 0.375
6 10
12
4T
10
4T
0.375 0.50
10 12
15
4T
12
4T
0.50 0.625
12 16
15
4T
12
4T
0.625 0.75
16 20
17
4T
15
4T
0.75 0.875
20 22
20
4T
17
4T
0.875 1.00
22 25
20
4T
17
4T
1.00 1.25
25 32
25
4T
20
4T
1.25 1.50
32 38
30
2T
25
2T
1.50 2.00
38 50
35
2T
30
2T
2.00 2.50
50 65
40
2T
35
2T
2.50 3.00
65 75
45
2T
40
2T
3.00 4.00
75 100
50
2T
45
2T
4.00 6.00 100 150
60
2T
50
2T
6.00 8.00 150 200
80
2T
60
2T
: 1) ( )
2)
3) ( Hole Type IQI) 1 3
4) 1 3
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Table 6.4

. 1565-51:

83

 3 (Wire Type IQI)

( 6.3.1, 2 4)
(Wire Type IQI)3)
IQI
IQI

2)
1)

.
0.25
6
0.010
0.25
0.008
0.20
0.25 0.375
6 10
0.013
0.33
0.010
0.25
0.3750.625
10 16
0.016
0.41
0.013
0.33
0.625 0.75
16 20
0.020
0.51
0.016
0.41
0.75 1.50
20 38
0.025
0.63
0.020
0.51
1.50 2.00
38 50
0.032
0.81
0.025
0.63
2.00 2.50
50 65
0.040
1.02
0.032
0.81
2.50 4.00
65 100
0.050
1.27
0.040
1.02
4.00 6.00
100 150
0.063
1.60
0.050
1.27
6.00 8.00
150 200
0.100
2.54
0.063
1.60
:

1) ( )
2)
3) (Wire Type IQI) 2 3
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Table 6.5

84

. 1565-51:

 4 (IQI)
( 6.3.10)
(IQI)
(Equal T)
(Unequal T)
L 250 .
L< 250 .
L 250 .
L< 250 .
(L 10 )
(L< 10 )
(L 10 )
(L< 10 )

IQI
IQI

2
2
1
1
3
2
2
1

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
ASTM E 1025
E 747
E 1025
E 747
E 1025
E 747
E 1025
E 747
5)
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
6)
3
4
5
6
1) IQI
2) IQI
3)
IQI 3
4) T (T1 T2 ) L

5)
6) 3 4 5 6 3
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M:2006 Table 6.6

. 1565-51:

85

 3

1 (Hole Type IQI)
2 (Standard Wire-Type IQI)
3 IQI 250 . (10 )
4 IQI 250 .(10 )
5 IQI
250 .(10 )
6 IQI
250 . (10 )

86

. 1565-51:

 3
[ 1.02 . (0.04 )]
1
[ 0.25 . (0.01 )]

IQI

2
[ 0.51 . (0.02 )]

C
B

IQI 179

IQI1)
5-20
21-59
60-179

()
IQI ()

A
B
C
D
E
F
IQI
38.10 19.05 11.13
6.35 12.70
6.35
0.013
0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.80
38.10 19.05 11.13
6.35 12.70
6.35
0.06
0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.80
57.15 34.92 19.05
9.52 25.40
9.52
0.13
0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80

: 1) 5 9 1T 2T 3T
2) IQI

1 (Standard Hole-Type IQI)

( 5.3, 6.3.1, 2 1)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.9
()

. 1565-51:

87


IQI1)
5-20
21-59
60-179

A
1.500
0.015
1.500
0.015
2.250
0.030

( )
IQI ( )

B
C
D
E
F
IQI
0.750 0.438 0.250 0.500 0.250
0.0005
0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.030
0.750 0.438 0.250 0.500 0.250
0.0025
0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.030
1.375 0.750 0.375 1.000 0.375
0.005
0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030

: 1) 5 9 1T 2T 3T
2) IQI

1 ( ) (Standard Hole-Type IQI)

( 5.3, 6.3.1, 2 1)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.9

88

. 1565-51:


1.52 . (0.06 )
5.08 . (0.200 )

6.35 . (1/4 )

6.35 . (1/4 )

25.4 . (1 )
A B
6

: 3
5.08 . (0.200 )

(Wire Penetrameter)
IQI, ( )
A
0.08
0.10
0.13
0.16
0.20
0.25

(0.0032)
(0.004)
(0.005)
(0.0063)
(0.008)
(0.010)

B
0.25
0.33
0.40
0.51
0.64
0.81

(0.010)
(0.013)
(0.016)
(0.020)
(0.025)
(0.032)

C
0.81
1.02
1.27
1.60
2.03
2.50

(0.032)
(0.040)
(0.050)
(0.063)
(0.080)
(0.100)

D
2.50
3.20
4.06
5.10
6.40
8.00

(0.10)
(0.125)
(0.160)
(0.20)
(0.25)
(0.32)

2 (Standard Wire-Type IQI)

( 5.3, 6.3.1, 2 2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.10

. 1565-51:

89

 IQI
( 1) )

( 7.3.20 )

20 . (3/4 )
10 . (3/8 )
IQI

T2
IQI

( 7.3.20 )

250 . (10 )
T1

( 7.3.20 )

T1 = T2

: 1) IQI 2 3

3 IQI 250 . (10 )

( 2 4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.11

4 IQI 250 . (10 )

( 2 4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.12
90

. 1565-51:

 5 IQI
250 . (10 )
( 2 4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.13

6 IQI
250 . (10 )
( 2 4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.14
. 1565-51:

91

7
(Single Wall Technique with Single Wall Viewing)
( 6.3.21.1)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.16

92

. 1565-51:

 8
(Double Wall Technique with Single Wall Viewing)
( 6.3.21.2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.17

9 ( 2 )
(Double Wall Technique with Double Wall [Elliptical] Viewing)
( 6.3.21.3)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.18
. 1565-51:

93

10 ( 3 )
(Double Wall Technique with Double Wall Viewing)
( 6.3.21.3)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.19

94

. 1565-51:

 5 AWS D1.1/D1.1M
30 .

20 . ( )

E, .

25

16

22
20
16
12
10
6
3

12
10
6
2.5
0

12
20
25
32
40
44
C, .

50

3/4 ( )

1-1/8

E,

1
7/8
3/4
5/8
1/2
3/8
1/4
1/8

57

5/8
1/2
3/8
1/4
3/32

1/4

1/8
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-3/4
C,

2-1/4

:
1) (B) (E)
2) (C) (B)
2.5 . (3/32 )

11

( 7.2.1)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.1
. 1565-51:

95

 96

. 1565-51:

T . ()

20 .
(3/4 )

12 .
(1/2 )

10 .
(3/8 )

6 .
(1/4 )

3 .
(1/8 )

(3) (Rounded)

6 . (0.250 )

4 . (0.167 )

3 . (0.125 )

2 . (0.083 )

1 . (0.042 )

(4)
(Clustered)

10 . (0.375 )

9 . (0.333 )

6 . (0.250 )

4 . (0.167 )

12 7.4.1
( 7.2.2, 7.4.2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.2

: 1) (1) (3)

(1) (Elonged)

12 . (0.500 )

9 . (0.333 )

6 . (0.250 )

4 . (0.167 )

2 . (0.083 )

2 . (0.083 )

(5) 1)
(Random Scatter)

10 . (0.375 )

9 . (0.333 )

6 . (0.250 )

4 . (0.167 )

2 . (0.083 )

. 1565-51:

97

57 .
(2-1/4 )

20 .
(3/4 )
57 .
(2-1/4 )

20 .
(3/4 )
57 .
(2-1/4 )

13 30 (1-1/8 )
( 7.2.2, 7.4.2)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.3

1) C 2.5 . (3/32 ) 16
2) X1 30 . (1-1/8 ) 16
3) X2 16
4) X3-X4 2.5 . ( 3/32 )
5) X5 (Clustered)
20 . (3/4 ) 20 . (3/4 ) 16
6) :

38 .

12 . ( )
11

E, .

32

10
8

25
6

20

12

3
2

6
0

12

25
40
50
65
75
90
C, .

1-1/4
E,

115

1/2 ( )
7/16

1-1/2
3/8
5/16

1
1/4

3/4

3/16

1/2

1/8
1/16

1/4
0

100

1/2

1
1-1/2
2
2-1/2
3
3-1/2
C,

4-1/2

:
1) (B) (E)
2) (C) (B)

14
(Cyclic Loading)
( 7.3.1, 7.3.4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.4

98

. 1565-51:

38 .

20 . ( )
17
16
14

25
12

20

10

12
6
0

A
3)

E, .

32

12

25
40
50
65
75
90
C, .

1-1/2
5/8
9/16

1
1/2

3/4

3/8

1/2

A
3)

E,

115

3/4 ( )
11/16

1-1/4

1/4
0

10

1/2

1/4
1/8
1
1-1/2
2
2-1/2
3
3-1/2
C,

4-1/2

:
1) (B) (E)
2) (C) (B)
3) A 3 . (1/8 );
3 (1/8 ) 6 . (1/4 ); 3 . (1/8 )
A 5 . (3/16 ); A
2 . (1/16 ) 3 . (1/8 ) 2L (L =
) 15

15
(Cyclic Loading)
( 7.3.2, 7.3.4)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.5

. 1565-51:

99

30 .

20 . ( )

E, .

25

16

20
22

12
10

16
12
10
6
3
0

6
3

2.5
0

12

25
40
50
65
75
90
C, .

1-1/8

E,

115

3/4 ( )

5/8

7/8
3/4
5/8
1/2
3/8
1/4
1/8
0

10

1/2
3/8
1/4
3/32
0

1/4

1/8
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4 1-1/2
1-3/4
C,

2-1/4

:
1) (B) (E)
2) (C) (B)
2.5 . (3/32 )
3) 17 20 16

16
( 7.4.1)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.6
100 . 1565-51:

 (W)
A
()

(L)

(L)
(W)

B
()

5.1 ( I) 1), 2)

(L)

< E/3
6 . (1/4 )
10 . (3/8 )

A (CI)

3L

E 50 . (2 )
E > 50 . (2 )
(A)
2)
(B) L 3/32 . [2.5 .]

1) 16
2) A B (
B)
3) A B
(Longitudinal Tubular CJP Groove Weld) (Tubular Girth CJP Groove Weld)
4) A B A
B
5) L W A
6) L W B

17 ( I)

( 8.4.1 5 16)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.6
. 1565-51: 101

(W)

(L)

5.2 ( II) 1)

(L)

< E/3
6 . (1/4 )
10 . (3/8 )

(CI)

3L

E 50 . (2 )
E > 50 . (2 )
L 2.5 . (3/32 )

1) 16
2) L W
3) E

18 ( II)

( 8.4.1 5 16)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.6

102 . 1565-51:

 (W)
A
()
(L)
A

CI

(L)

(W)

B
()

5.3 ( III) 1), 2)

(L)


A (CI)

2E/3

L > 3W

3L 2E

()

L 2.5 . (3/32 )

1) 16
2) A
3) A B (Longitudinal
Tubular CJP Groove Weld) (Tubular Girth CJP Groove Weld)
4) L W A
5) L W B
6) E

19 ( III)

( 8.4.1 5 16)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.6

. 1565-51: 103

(W)

(L)

5.4 ( IV) 1)

(L)

2E/3

L/W > 3

(CI)

3L

2E
()

L 2.5 . (3/32 )

1) 16
2) L W
3) E

20 ( IV)

( 8.4.1 5 16)
: AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2006 Figure 6.6

104 . 1565-51:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

9 () .

9 () .
8 .

8 () .

8 () .

8 .

8 .

8 .

8 () .

7 .

8 () .

:
.

:
. -

. -

. -

. 1252-51 . 1551-51

Dynamic Load Test

Seismic Test

6
10400
. 0 - 2299 - 4813 0 - 2299 - 4797

..2551