E.D.

REDUCIBLES A VARIABLE SEPARABLE

Pag 39 ESPINOZA RAMOS
Problema 1

) cos( y x
dx
dy
+ =

dy dx dz
dy dx dx
y x z
=
+ =
+ =

0 ) 1 (
0
cos
) cos(
= +
=
=
+ =
dx coz dz
cozdx dx dz
zdx dx dz
dx y x dy


0
1
0
1
=
+
=
+
} }
dx
coz
dz
dx
coz
dz



C x
z sen
z cos
zdz ec cos
C x dz
z sen
z cos 1
C x dz
z cos 1
z cos 1
0 x
) coz 1 (
) coz 1 (
coz 1
dz
2
2
2
2
+ =
+ =

-
+
} }
}
}
}




( ) ( ) ( ) c x arctg y x
2
1
c x arctg
2
z
c x
2
z
tg
c x
2
z
cos
2
z
sen 2
2
z
sen 2
c x
senz
z cos 1
c x
senz
1
senz
z cos
c x z csc ctgz
2
+ = + + = + =
+ =
-
+ =

+ = +

+ = +


Problema 2
( ) ( ) 1 y x sen
dx
dy
1 y x sen y
2 2 '
+ = + =
dx
dz
1
dx
dy
dz dy dx z 1 y x = = = +
z sen
dx
dz
1
2
=

Despejando

} }

=

=
z sen 1
dz
dx
z sen 1
dz
dx
2 2



) 1 y x ( Tg C x
z Tg dx z Sec
z Cos
dx
C x
2
2
+ = +
= = = +
} }



Problema 3
2 + +
+
=
y x
y x
dx
dy


dx dz dy dz dy dx z y x = = + = +
( )
dx dz
2 z 2
2 z
2 z
2 z 2
1
2 z
z
dx
dz
2 z
z
1
dx
dz
2 z
z
dx
dx dz
=
+
+
+
+
= +
+
=
+
=
+
=

( )
} } } } }
=
+
+ =
+
+
C x 2
1 z
dz
dz 0 dx
1 z
dz 2 z
2
1



( ) ( )
( ) x C 1 y x Ln y
x 2 C 1 y x Ln y x x 2 C 1 z Ln z
+ = + + +
+ = + + + + + = + +


Problema 4
y x Ln y x Ln y + = 1 '


1
1 1
1
=
|
.
|

\
|
-
=
|
.
|

\
|
-
+ =
dx
dz
z Ln
dx
dy
y x Ln
y x Ln y x Ln
dx
dy

dx
dz
dx
dy
dx
dz
dx
dy
z y x
=
=
=
1
1


( )
c x
z
dz
z zLnz
0 dx Lnzdz
dx dz Lnz
= +
/
/

= +
=
}
} }

z v
z
dz
du
dz dv Lnz u
= =
= =


( ) ( )
( )
( ) y c y x Ln y x
0 x y x y x . y x Ln
c x y x y x Ln . y x
c x z zLnz
=
=
/
+ +
/

= +
= +


Problema 5
( ) ( )
2 2
y x
dx
dy
y x ' y + = + =

1
dx
dz
dx
dy
dz dy dx z y x = = + = +

0 dx
1 z
dz
dx ) 1 z ( dz z 1
dx
dz
2
2 2
=
+
+ = =



( ) ( ) ( ) C x tg y x C x y x arctg
C x z arctg 0 dx
1 z
dz
2
+ = + + = +
= =
+
} } }


Problema 21
(2x+3y1)dx+(4x+6y5)dy=0

2x+3y=z
2dx+3dy=dx
dx =
2
dz

2
3
dy
(z-1)dx (2z-5)dy = 0


2
1 z
dz +
2
3
(z-1)dy+(2z-5)dy=0


2
1 z
dz +
2
2 z
dy=0

7
1

z
z
dz + dy = 0

} } } }
= + +

0
2 2 7
3 dy dz
z
dz

3ln|z-7|+
2 2
y z
+ = c
3ln|2x+ 3y 7| + x +2y = 0
Problema 22
(2x-y)dx + (4x 2y + 3)dy=0

2x + y = z
2dx + 2dy = dz
(3z 5)dx z(dz2dx)= 0
3zdx 5dx zdz + 2zdx = 0
(3z 5 + 2z)dx zdz = 0
5(z-1)dx zdz = 0
} } }
=

0
1
5
z
zdz
dx
5x
} }
= |
.
|

\
|

+ 0 dz
1 z
1
1
5x z ln(z1) = c
5x 2x y ln (2x + y 1) = c
3x y + c = ln(2x + y 1)


Problema 23
(6x +3y -5 )dx (2x + y)dy= 0

2x + y = z dy = dz 2dx
( ) ( ) ( )
( )

( )

| |
( ) | |
| |

Problema 25
P(
n m
y x )ydx + Q(
n m
y x )xdy = 0
u=
n m
y x ( ) xdy . n ydx . m y x dy y x n dx y x m du
1 n 1 m 1 n m n 1 m
+ = + =


( ) ( ) ( )
u . n
ydx u m du y . x
ydx
n
m
u . n
du y . x
dy . x xdy n ydx m
u
du y . x
= = + =
Reemplazando en la ecuacin inicial

P(u) ydx + Q(u)
(

un
ydx u m du ). xy (
= 0 0
u.n
dx u m du x
Q(u) + dx P(u) =
(

| | 0
u
du x
Q(u) + dx ) u ( Q m P(u) n 0
u.n
du x
Q(u) + dx
n
) u ( Q m
P(u) =
(

=
(

| |
0
) u ( mQ ) u ( nP u
du ) u ( Q
x
dx
=

+


Problema 26

( ) 0 4 2
3 2
= + + dy y x ydx y x
y z =
y dy
dz
2
1
=
( )
0
4 2
3
2
=
+
+
y x
y y x
dx
dy

0
4 2
3
= + +
x
y
x
y
dx
dy

0
4 2 2
2
3
= + +
x
z
x
z
dx
zdz

3
1 2
x x
z
dx
dz
= + ECUAC . LINEAL
dx
x
e ze
dx
x
dx
x
}
|
.
|

\
|

}
=
}
3
2 2
1

x zx dx
x
x zx ln
1
.
2
3
2 2
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
}
+ C
Reemplazando:
y z =
Respuesta:
c x x y = +ln
2


Problema 27:

y(xy + 1)dx + x(1+ xy+ x
2
y
2
)dy = 0
x
z
y z xy =
ydx dz xdy dz xdy ydx = = +
0
0 ) ( ) (
2 3 2 2
2 3 2 2
= + + + +
= + + + +
dy y x ydy x xdy ydx dx xy
dy y x y x x dx y xy

Reemplazando:
x
z
y z xy =
0 ) (
2 2
2
= + + + xdy y x xy dz
x
dx z

0
3
2
2 2
= + + +
x
dx z
dz z dx
x
z
zdz dz
x
dx z

c x
z
dz
z
dz
z
dz
= + +
} } }
ln
3 2

c
z
z
x
z
=
+

2
2
1 2 ln

Respuesta:
kx
y x
xy
ln
2
1 2
2 2
=
+


Problema 28:
0 ) ( ) (
2 2
= + dy y x x dx xy y
z xy =
dz xdy ydx = +
0 ) (
2
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|

x
ydx dz
zx x dx
x
z
x
z

z xy =
dz xdy ydx = +
0 ) (
2
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|

x
ydx dz
zx x dx
x
z
x
z

0 ) 1 (
2
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|

x
zdx xdz
z dx
x
z
x
z

0 ) )( 1 ( ) (
2
= + zdx xdz z dx z z
( ) | | 0 ) 1 ( 2 ) 1 ( 1 = + + + + dz z x zdx z z z z dx
} }
=
+
0
2
) 1 (
dz
z
z
x
dx

0 ln
2
1
2
ln = z
z
x
Reemplazando:
z xy =
Respuesta:
c xy
y
x
= ln
Problema 29:
0 ) ( ) (
2 2 3 3 2 2
= + + dy y x y x dx y x xy y
z xy =
ydx xdy dz + =
0
2 2 3 3 2 2
= + + ydy x dy y x dx y x dx xy ydx
0 ) ( ) (
2 2
= + + + ydx xdy ydx xy xdy ydx y x
Reemplazando:
} } }
= + = + 0 ) 1 ( 0
2
x
dx
dz z dx
x
z
zdz dz z
c x z z = + ln 2 2
2

Respuesta:
c x xy y x = + ln 2 2
2 2





Problema 30:
y
y
e y
e
dx
dy

=
2

u xe
y
=
xdy dx
e
du
dy e dx e du
y
y y
+ = + =
0
) 2 (
=

dx
e
dy xe y
y
y

0
2
= dx xdy
e
ydy
y

0
2
= + dx dx
e
du
e
ydy
y y

} } }
= 0 2 du dy y
Reemplazando:
u xe
y
=
c xe y
y
=
2

Respuesta:
y
xe c y + =
2



Resolucin
36. (3x 2y + 1)dx + (3x 2y +3)dy = 0
1+3x-2y = z
3dx 2dy = dz
dy =

(z+1)dx + (z+2)

= 0
2(z)dx + (z+2)(3dx-dz)=0
2(z)dx +3(Z+2)dx (z+2)dz = 0
dx(5z+6) (z+2)dz =0
dx
()

= 0

X -

Ln,5z + 6, = C
25x 15x + 10y + 5 4Ln,15x 10y + 11, = C
10x + 10y 5 -4Ln,15x 10y + 11, =C
5(x + y C) = 2Ln,15x 10y + 11,

37.-
dx
dy
=
2
1
Tg
2
(x+2y)
z = 2y + x
dz = 2dy + dx
dz dx = 2dy
2dyCos
2
(x + 2y) dxSen
2
(x + 2y) = 0
(dz dx)Cos
2
z dxSen
2
z = 0
Cos
2
zdz cos
2
zdx dxSen
2
z = 0
Cos
2
zdz dx(Cos
2
+

Sen
2
z) = 0

2z + Sen2z 4x = C
4y + 2x + Sen2(2y + x) 4X = C
4y 2x + Sen2(2y + x) = C

Z = y x 3 2 +
Z
2
= 2x + 3y
dy =

( )

)
2(zdz dx) = 3zdx
2zdz (2 + 3z)dx = 0

Ln,2
2
(3z)
2
, -

Ln,Sec + tg, +

Sen x = C
1
-2Ln,2
2
(3z)
2
, - 2(2)Ln,

()

, + 6z 9x =C
1
-4Ln,2 +3 , + 6 9x = C

= z Cosx
dy = zdx Cosxdx
dy + Cosxdx = zdx
2zdz = zdx

2z x = C
1

u = x + y
y = u x
dy = du - dx


( )



( )

,





PROBLEMA 46:

2y
dx
dy
= y
2
+ x
2
2x

u + x
dx
du
= ux + x
2
2x 2y
dx
dy
= u + x
dx
du


x
dx
du
= u(x 1) + x
2
2x

2
1
=

x
x
x
u
dx
du


}
}
=
}
dx x g e e u
dx x f dx x f
) ( .
) ( ) (

2 ) (
1
) ( =

= x x g
x
x
x f

} } }
= =

x x Ln dx dx
x
dx
x
x 1 1

x x x Ln
dx x f
e x e e

= =
}
) (

( )
}
=

dx x e x e x u
x x
2 .


X u e
x
= -( x
2
2x)e
x
(2x 2)e
x
2e
x
+ C

xue
-x
= (-x
2
2x + 2x + 2 2 )e
x
+ C
dividiendo entre e
x

x u = x
2
+ C e
x
.
y
2
= x
2
+ C e
x
.
Rpta:
xy
2
=-x
2
+C
x e
x



PROBLEMA 47:

( )

( )
Rpta:
tg (x +y) =x +C

PROBLEMA 48 :
y =(x + y) Ln ( x + y ) 1

Ln(Lnz) = x + C

Ln z = e
x + c
Ln z = e
x
. e
c


Rpta:
Ln(x +y) =e
x
.C




PROBLEMA 49 :

(

Sustitucin :

Reemplazando
(

|| |

)

PROBLEMA 50
y
2
arctg x + y
3
arcsec

Sec Z =

( )

( )
[

|| | |

| |
||

PROBLEMA 51
1 y 2 x cuando dy y 6 ) ydx xdy ( xy
3
= . = = +
ydx xdy dz y . x z + = =
} }
+ = = = C
4
y
6 z dy y 6 dz . z dy y 6 dz . z
4
2 3 3

C
2
y
3 y x
4
2 2
+ = reemplazando los valores de x e y para hallar C
( ) ( ) ( )
2
5
C C 1
2
3
1 2
4 2 2
= + =
( ) 5 y 3 x 2 y
2
5
y
2
3
y x
2 2 2 4 2 2
= + =


PROBLEMA 52
x
2
2 2 2
x
2
2 2
k
2
c 2
x
2
C 2
x
2
2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
e e 5 y x
2 y 1 x
e . k y x
e . k e . e e z
c 2
x
2
z ln c
x
1
z ln
2
1
x
dx
z 2
dz
dx . z
2
dz
x
ydy 2 xdx 2 dz y x z
2 y 1 x cuando dx ) y x ( ) ydy xdx ( x
+ = +
= A =
= +
= = =
+ = + = =
=
+ = + =
= . = + = +

+









PROBLEMA 53
x
1 xc
) y x ln(
2
1
c
x
1
z ln
2
1
0 zdx )
2
dz
( x
zdx )
2
dz
( x
ydy xdx
2
dz
dx
dy
y 2 x 2
dx
dz
y x z
) ydx xdy ( )
x
y
1 )( y x ( dy dx
2 2
2
2
2 2
2

= +
= +
=
=
+ = + =
+ =
+ + = +
} } }



PROBLEMA 54
x
1 xc
) y x ln(
2
1
c
x
1
z ln
2
1
0 zdx )
2
dz
( x
zdx )
2
dz
( x
ydy xdx
2
dz
dx
dy
y 2 x 2
dx
dz
y x z
) ydx xdy ( )
x
y
1 )( y x ( dy dx
) ydx xdy ( xy ) ydx xdy )( y x (
2 2
2
2
2 2
2
2 2

= +
= +
=
=
+ = + =
+ =
+ + = +
+ + +
} } }




c x ln
x 2
y
y
x
x
1
c
2
u
u
1
x
1
x ln
0 u d
u
) u 1 (
dx
x
) 2 x (
0 )
dx
du
x )( u 1 ( x ) 2 x ( u
0 ))
dx
xdu
u ( x ux ))( u 1 ( x ( ) 2 x )( x u (
dx
du
x udx
dx
dy
xu y
0 )
dx
dy
x y )( y x ( ) 2 x ( y
0 ) xdy ydx )( y x ( dx ) 2 x ( y
. 5 5 PROBLEMA
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
2
2 3 2 2
3 3 2 2 2
3 3 2 2
3 3 2 2
= +
= +
=
+

+
= + + +
= + + + + +
+ = =
= + + +
= + + +
} } }





PROBLEMA 56

dz dy dx z y x
dy y x dx y x
= =
= + +
2 2
0 ) 1 2 ( ) 2 3 6 (

( ) ( )( )
( ) ( ) ( ) 0 1 2 2 2 3
0 2 1 2 3
= + +
= + +
dz z dx z dx z
dz dx z dx z








| | C z Ln z x =
5
1

| | C y x Ln y x x = 2 2 5
C y x Ln y x = + + 2 3

( )
C
z
dz
dz x
dz
z
dz z
dx
dz z zdx
=
(

=
} }
} } }
5
1
0
5
) 1 (
0 1 5