Shape functions construction

x, u
y, v
1 (x
1
, y
1
)
(u
1
, v
1
)
2 (x
2
, y
2
)
(u
2
, v
2
)
3 (x
3
, y
3
)
(u
3
, v
3
)
2a
f
sy

f
sx

4 (x
4
, y
4
)
(u
4
, v
4
)
2b
q


1 (1, 1)
(u
1
, v
1
)
2 (1, 1)
(u
2
, v
2
)
3 (1, +1)
(u
3
, v
3
)
2
4 (1, +1)
(u
4
, v
4
)
2
q

2 1 2 1
( ) / 2 ( ) / 2
,
x x x y y y
a b
q
+ +
= =
( , ) ( , )
h
e
x y x y = U N d
3 1 2 4
3 1 2 4
Node 2 Node 3
Node 1 Node 4
0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0
N N N N
N N N N
(
=
(

N where
Shape functions construction
) 1 )( 1 (
) 1 )( 1 (
) 1 )( 1 (
) 1 )( 1 (
4
1
4
4
1
3
4
1
2
4
1
1
q
q
q
q
+ =
+ + =
+ =
=
N
N
N
N
1
1
3 4
at node 1
1
1
1
3 4
at node 2
1
1
1
3 4
at node 3
1
1
1
3 4
at node 4
1
(1 )(1 ) 0
(1 )(1 ) 0
(1 )(1 ) 1
(1 )(1 ) 0
N
N
N
N

q
q
q
q
q
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
= + + =
= + + =
= + + =
= + + =
Delta function
property
4
1 2 3 4
1
1
4
1
4
[(1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 )]
[2(1 ) 2(1 )] 1
i
i
N N N N N
q q q q

=
= + + +
= + + + + + + +
= + + =

Partition of
unity
) 1 )( 1 (
4
1
q q
j j j
N + + =

1 (1, 1)
(u
1
, v
1
)
2 (1, 1)
(u
2
, v
2
)
3 (1, +1)
(u
3
, v
3
)
2
4 (1, +1)
(u
4
, v
4
)
2
q