26.Deflection of light is called refraction ( changing direction when passing from one medium to another.) 27.

. The index of refraction is a dimensionless number. 28. The RI is the ratio of velocity of light c in free space to its velocity v in the material. i.e n = c / v 29.RI of glass can be changed by controlling the composition . 30.RI of glass is 1.5. 31.While light passes from one medium to another a small portion of light that is reflected back into the original material is known as FRESNEL REFLECTION. 32.Reflection loss for light passing from air to glass is about 0.17 dB. 33.Relationship between incident ray and refracted ray is clearly brought out by Snells Law which states n1 sin 1 = n2 sin 2 where n1, n2 are the refractive indices of the two materials. 1 , 2 are the angle of incidence and angle of refraction respectively. c critical angle. i.e c = arc sin n2 / n1. Where 2 = 90 degrees

34. When n1 and n2 are equal (same material ) at angles greater than c light is reflected back. 35. Simple principles of reflection and refraction form the basis of light propagation through optic fibre. 36. The angle of incidence that yields an angle of refraction as 90 degree is known as CRITICAL ANGLE.