UNIT I ALTERNATORS

A.C generator are usually called alternator. It operates under the principle of Faradays law of electro magnetic induction Whenever the current carrying conductor is placed in any magnetic field, the armature conductor rotates and cuts by the flux. It will induced emf.

There should be two basic systems ewquired. Magnetic field system to produce the magnetic field. Armature system which houses conductor on which the emf is to be induced.

Its easy to insulate the stationary armature windings. Bcoz they placed in stator. Output current can be easily collected and supplied. Rotating field system, only two slip rings are needed, this voltage is 110 or 220V. Rotating field is light weight, run at high speed. Armature coils are properly placed, such that large forces developed. More efficiently cooled bcoz of enough cooling ducts.

According to rotor, its classified into two types 1. Salient pole alternator 2. Cylindrical type(non salient pole) alternator

Normally constructed salient pole type of rotors are driven at slow and moderate speeds. The prime movers used are water turbine or diesel engine. STATOR Stator frame holds armature stampings and windings. For large alternators, the frame is fabricated from welded mild steel plates. And small sizes are used cast iron. Frame holes are provided effective cooling It gives mechanical protection

The armature core is built up of laminations to reduce eddy current losses. Special magnetic iron or