Topics to be covered

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Introduction How do HEVs work? Types of HEVs Powertrain configuration Control strategy in an HEV Features of an HEV What do the customers want? HEV implementation challenges

INTRODUCTION:

Fossil fuel reserves getting depleted. Focus shifting to electric vehicle. Limiting factor is the current battery technology. Results in limited range of the vehicle. The viable option remaining is Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV).

What is an HEV?

An HEV uses both electrical & mechanical energy to propel itself. Combines the efficiency of electrical drive system with the longer range provided by conventional fuels. A battery powered electric vehicle that also has a small engine operating on fuels is the simplest HEV concept.

How do HEVs work?

An HEV combines: An internal combustion (IC) engine An energy storing device (battery) Electric motor(s) Regenerative braking The IC engine and the battery constitute the power trains of the HEV.

Types of HEV

Parallel HEV: the drive system can be powered simultaneously by the electric motor and the mechanical device. Series HEV: Engine and alternator that are used strictly to generate electrical power as an auxiliary power unit (APU), while the electric drivetrain propels the vehicle.

Powertrain configuration

Control Strategy in an HEV

Parallel HEV features

More flexibility Lower power/weight/cost and better efficiency. Sizing and control design more complicated

Series HEV features

Optimum engine efficiency and low emission Simpler mechanical efficiency Both ICE and Electric drive rated to the maximum power requirement (main disadvantage) lower overall efficiency (main disadvantage)

Advantages of using an HEV

The HEV reduces the fuel consumption of a car by utilizing the IC engine better. In particular: The engine can be less powerful Regenerative braking energy can be recovered The engine can be turned off when at low load

Regenerative braking

Regenerative braking is the process by which a vehicle's kinetic energy can be retained while decelerating Reversibility of electric motor makes it possible

Current Implementations of HEV

In most countries around the world the Toyota Prius and the Honda Insight are available. These represent the first examples of commercially produced, passenger car, HEVs. Series hybrid vehicles at NYCT (New York City Transit) need a special mention.

What do customers want?

An environmentally friendly, competitively priced vehicle A combination of: Exciting performance, High fuel economy, Low emissions

Convenient operation: Extended range, No special fuel or daily plug-in

Conclusion
In recent years, design approaches for HEVs have changed. They no longer rely on wallplug electricity and are no longer seen as transitional vehicles. Most experts feel that the car of the near future will be an HEV of some kind.

Any Questions ? ? ?