Kha hc LTH mn Ha hc Thy Ngc Bi tp v phn ng ca kim loi v hp cht vi axit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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BI TP V PHN NG CA KIM LOI V HP CHT VI AXIT
BI TP T LUYN


Cu 1: Cho 13,5 gam hn hp (Al, Cr, Fe, Mg) tc dng vi lng d dung dch H
2
SO
4
long, nng
(trong iu kin khng c khng kh) thu c dung dch X v 7,84 lt kh H
2
( ktc). C cn dung dch
X c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 47,1. B. 30,3. C. 80,7. D. 45,5.
Cu 2: Cho m gam Na tan ht vo 100 ml dung dch gm (H
2
SO
4
0,5M v HCl 1M) thu c 4,48 lt kh
H
2
( ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng khi lng cht rn thu c l
A. 18,55 gam. B. 17,55 gam. C. 20,95 gam. D. 12,95 gam.
Cu 3: Ha tan m gam hn hp X (gm Al, Fe, Zn v Mg) bng dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng, khi
lng dung dch axit tng thm (m 2) gam. Khi lng (gam) ca mui to thnh trong dung dch sau
phn ng l
A. m + 34,5. B. m + 35,5. C. m + 69. D. m + 71.
Cu 4: Ha tan hon ton 3,22 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Mg v Zn bng mt lng va dung dch
H
2
SO
4
long, thu c 1,344 lt hiro ( ktc) v dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 9,52. B. 10,27. C. 8,98. D. 7,25.
Cu 5: Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 16 gam Fe
2
O
3
un nng, sau phn ng thu c hn hp rn X
gm Fe, FeO, Fe
3
O
4
v Fe
2
O
3
. Ha tan hon ton X bng H
2
SO
4
c, nng thu c dung dch Y. Khi
lng mui trong Y l
A. 20 gam. B. 32 gam. C. 40 gam. D. 48 gam.
Cu 6: Ha tan hn hp Mg, Cu bng 200 ml dung dch HCl thu c 3,36 lt kh H
2
(ktc) v cn li m
gam kim loi khng tan. Oxi ha hon ton m gam kim loi thu c (1,25m + a) gam oxit, trong a
> 0. Nng mol ca dung dch HCl l
A. 1,5M. B. 2,00M. C. 2,5M. D. 2,75M.
Cu 7: t chy a gam hn hp 3 kim loi Mg, Zn, Cu thu c 34,5 gam hn hp rn X gm 4 oxit kim
loi. ha tan ht hn hp X cn dng va dung dch cha 0,8 mol HCl. Vy khi lng a l
A. 28,1 gam. B. 21,7 gam. C. 31,3 gam. D. 24,9 gam.
Cu 8: Ha tan hon ton 10,0 gam hn hp hai kim loi trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra 2,24 lt kh
H
2
(ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,65. B. 17,1. C. 24,2. D. 24,6.
Cu 9: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp bt kim loi trong dung dch H
2
SO
4
long, d thu c 0,672
lt kh H
2
(ktc) v 3,92 gam hn hp mui sunfat. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,48 gam. B. 1,84 gam. C. 1,04 gam. D. 0,98 gam.
Cu 10: Ly 2,98 gam hn hp X gm Zn v Fe cho vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M, sau khi phn ng
hon ton ta c cn (trong iu kin khng c oxi) th c 6,53 gam cht rn. Th tch kh H
2
bay ra
(ktc) l
A. 0,56 lt. B. 1,12 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 11: Ho tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp gm Fe
2
O
3
, MgO, ZnO trong 500 ml axit H
2
SO
4
0,1M (va
). Sau phn ng, hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c khi c cn dung dch c khi lng l
A. 7,71 gam. B. 6,91 gam. C. 7,61 gam. D. 6,81 gam.
Cu 12: Ha tan hon ton 5,94 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat bng dung dch HCl d thu c dung
dch X v 1,12 lt kh bay ra (ktc). Khi lng mui c trong dung dch X l
A. 5,39 gam. B. 6,49 gam. C. 4,715 gam. D. 7,165 gam.
Cu 13: Ha tan hon ton 2,97 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat bng dung dch H
2
SO
4
d thu c dung
dch X v 0,56 lt kh bay ra (ktc). Khi lng mui c trong X l
A. 5,42 gam. B. 3,87 gam. C. 3,92 gam. D. 5,37 gam.
Cu 14: Ho tan 7,8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al v Fe bng dung dch HCl d, sau phn ng thy khi
lng dung dch axit tng thm 7 gam. C cn dung dch th khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 7,0 gam. B. 7,8 gam. C. 14,8 gam. D. 36,2 gam.
Cu 15: Cho t t 62 gam Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
vo 100 ml dung dch H
2
SO
4
5M. Khi lng mui (khan) thu c
l
Kha hc LTH mn Ha hc Thy Ngc Bi tp v phn ng ca kim loi v hp cht vi axit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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A. 111,0 gam. B. 91,4 gam. C. 43,0 gam. D. 23,4 gam.
Cu 16: ha tan hon ton 2,32 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe
3
O
4
v Fe
2
O
3
(trong s mol FeO bng s
mol Fe
2
O
3
), cn dng va V lt dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,08. B. 0,16. C. 0,18. D. 0,23.
Cu 17: Cho 9,12 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe
2
O
3
, Fe
3
O
4
tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d). Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton, c dung dch Y; c cn Y thu c 7,62 gam FeCl
2
v m gam FeCl
3
. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 4,875. B. 9,75. C. 14,625. D. 19,5.
Cu 18: Ha tan hn hp X gm 0,2 mol Fe v 0,1 mol Fe
2
O
3
vo dung dch HCl d c dung dch D.
Cho dung dch D tc dng vi NaOH d thu c kt ta. Lc kt ta, ra sch em nung trong khng kh
n khi lng khng i thu c m gam cht rn Y. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,0. B. 30,4. C. 32,0. D. 48,0.
Cu 19: un nng hn hp bt X gm 0,06 mol Al, 0,01 mol Fe
3
O
4
, 0,015 mol Fe
2
O
3
v 0,02 mol FeO
mt thi gian. Hn hp Y thu c sau phn ng c ha tan hon ton bng dung dch HCl d, thu
c dung dch Z. Thm NH
3
vo Z cho n d, lc kt ta T, em nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng
khng i thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,16. B. 6,40. C. 7,78. D. 9,46.
Cu 20: Cho hn hp (Na, Al) ly d vo 91,6 gam dung dch H
2
SO
4
21,4% th c V lt H
2
(ktc). Gi
tr ca V l
A. 4,48. B. 49,28. C. 94,08. D. 47,04.
Cu 21: Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v H
2
SO
4
0,5M
thu c 5,32 lt H
2
( ktc) v dung dch Y (coi th tch dung dch khng i). Dung dch Y c pH l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 6. D. 7.
Cu 22: Trn 100 ml dung dch gm Ba(OH)
2
0,1M v NaOH 0,1M vi 400 ml dung dch gm H
2
SO
4

0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 6. D. 7.
Cu 23: Cho 20,4 gam hn hp X (Fe, Zn, Al) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 10,08 lt kh H
2
.
Mt khc 0,2 mol X tc dng va vi 6,16 lt Cl
2
(ktc). Khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l
A. 1,35 gam. B. 4,05 gam. C. 5,4 gam. D. 2,7 gam.
Cu 24: Ha tan hon ton hn hp Na, K, Ba vo nc c 100 ml dung dch X v 0,56 lt kh H
2

(ktc). Cho 100 ml dung dch hn hp H
2
SO
4
0,2M v HCl 0,3M vo 100 ml dung dch X c dung dch
Y. Gi tr pH ca dung dch Y l
A. 1,0. B. 7,0. C. 4,0. D. 9,0.
Cu 25: Cho hn hp gm Na v Al c t l mol tng ng l 1:2 vo nc (d). Sau khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh H
2
( ktc) v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,4. B. 7,8. C. 10,8. D. 13,2.
Cu 26: Ha tan m gam hn hp X gm Ba v Al vo lng nc d thy thot ra 8,96 lt kh H
2
(ktc).
Cng ha tan m gam hn hp ny vo dung dch NaOH d th thu c 12,32 lt kh H
2
(ktc). Gi tr ca
m l
A. 13,70. B. 21,80. C. 57,50. D. 58,85.
Cu 27: Cho 10,5 gam hn hp K v Al tan trong nc c dung dch X. Nh t t V ml dung dch HCl
1M vo dung dch X, khi th tch dung dch HCl thm vo ng bng 100 ml th bt u c kt ta.
lng kt ta thu c l ln nht th gi tr ca V l
A. 100. B. 150. C. 200. D. 300.
Cu 28: Ha tan 0,24 mol FeCl
3
v 0,16 mol Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
vo dung dch cha 0,4 mol H
2
SO
4
c dung
dch X. Cho dung dch cha 2,6 mol NaOH vo X c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,6 gam. B. 25,68 gam. C. 41,28 gam. D. 0,64 gam.
Cu 29: Cho 2,54 gam hn hp X kim loi kim M v Al ha tan trong H
2
SO
4
va thu c 2,464 lt
kh (ktc) v dung dch A ch cha mui sunfat. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi lng va Ba(OH)
2
cho
ti ht ion SO
4
2-
thu c 27,19 gam kt ta. Thnh phn phn trm Al theo khi lng hn hp X l
A. 63,78%. B. 53,17%. C. 42,52%. D. 31,89%.
Kha hc LTH mn Ha hc Thy Ngc Bi tp v phn ng ca kim loi v hp cht vi axit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Cu 30: Ha tan hon ton 8,8 gam hn hp 3 kim loi kim vo 500 lt dung dch dch HCl thu c
3,36 lt H
2
(ktc) v dung dch X. Dung dch X tc dng vi 0,2 lt dung dch AlCl
3
0,02 mol/lit to ra
0,156 gam kt ta. Nng ca dung dch HCl l
A. 0,588 mol/lit. C. 0,288 mol/lit.
B. 0,588 mol/lit hoc 0,572 mol/lit. D. 0,572 mol/lit hoc 0,288 mol/lit.
Cu 31: Cho V lt dung dch NaOH 2M vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
v 0,1 mol H
2
SO
4
n khi
phn ng hon ton, thu c kt ta, lc kt ta nung n khi lng khng i c 5,1 gam cht rn.
Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng cht rn trn l
A. 0,45. B. 0,35. C. 0,25. D. 0,55.
Cu 32: Khi cho 3,9 gam K vo 100 ml dung dch HCl thu c dung dch c cha 6,525 gam cht tan.
Nng mol ca HCl trong dung dch dng l
A. 0,75M. B. 0,5M. C. 0,25M. D. 1,0M.
Cu 33: Ha tan 16,8 gam hn hp gm 2 mui cacbonat v sunfit ca cng mt kim loi kim vo dung
dch HCl d, thu c 3,36 lt hn hp kh (ktc). Kim loi kim l
A. Li. B. Na. C. K. D. Rb.
Cu 34: Cho t t dung dch cha 0,015 mol HCl vo dung dch cha a mol K
2
CO
3
thu c dung dch X
(khng cha HCl) v 0,005 mol CO
2
. Nu th nghim trn c tin hnh ngc li (cho t t K
2
CO
3
vo
dung dch HCl) th s mol CO
2
thu c l
A. 0,005. B. 0,0075. C. 0,01. D. 0,015.
Cu 35: Trn 100 ml dung dch cha KHCO
3
1M v K
2
CO
3
1M vi 100 ml dung dch cha NaHCO
3
1M
v Na
2
CO
3
1M c 200 ml dung dch X. Nh t t 100 ml dung dch Y cha H
2
SO
4
1M v HCl 1M vo
dung dch X c V lt CO
2
(ktc) v dung dch Z. Cho Ba(OH)
2
d vo Z th thu c m gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca V v m ln lt l:
A. 5,6 v 59,1. B. 1,12 v 82,4. C. 2,24 v 59,1. D. 2,24 v 82,4.
Cu 36: Nung 13,4 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ha tr II thu c 6,8 gam cht rn v
kh X. Lng kh X sinh ra cho hp th vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c dung dch Y. C cn dung
dch Y c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,9. B. 12,6. C. 19,9. D. 22,6.
Cu 37: Cho t t dung dch HCl 1M vo dung dch cha 5,25 gam hn hp mui cacbonat ca 2 kim
loi kim k tip n khi c 0,015 mol kh thot ra th dng li. Cho dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung
dch Ca(OH)
2
d sinh ra 3 gam kt ta. Cng thc ca 2 mui v th tch dung dch HCl dng l:
A. Li
2
CO
3
v Na
2
CO
3
; 0,03 lt. B. Li
2
CO
3
v Na
2
CO
3
; 0,06 lt.
C. Na
2
CO
3
v K
2
CO
3
; 0,03 lt. D. Na
2
CO
3
v K
2
CO
3
; 0,06 lt.
Cu 38: Cho t t dung dch hn hp cha 0,5 mol HCl v 0,3 mol NaHSO
4
vo dung dch cha hn hp
0,6 mol NaHCO
3
v 0,3 mol K
2
CO
3
c dung dch X v V lt CO
2
(ktc). Thm dung dch Ba(OH)
2
d
vo dung dch X thy to thnh m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V v m ln lt l:
A. 11,2 v 78,8. B. 20,16 v 78,8. C. 20,16 v 148,7. D. 11,2 v 148,7.
Cu 39: Dung dch X cha 0,6 mol NaHCO
3
v 0,3 mol Na
2
CO
3
. Thm rt t t dung dch cha 0,8 mol
HCl vo dung dch X thu c dung dch Y v V lt CO
2
(ktc). Thm nc vi trong d vo dung dch Y
thy to thnh m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V v m ln lt l:
A. 11,2 v 40. B. 16,8 v 60. C. 11,2 v 60. D. 11,2 v 90.
Cu 40: C 2 cc ring bit: cc 1 ng dung dch cha 0,2 mol Na
2
CO
3
v 0,3 mol NaHCO
3
; cc 2 ng
dung dch cha 0,5 mol HCl. Khi nh t t cc 1 vo cc 2 thy thot ra V lt kh CO
2
(ktc). Gi tr ca
V l:
A. 6,72. B. 7,84. C. 8,00. D. 8,96.
Cu 41: Cho tht chm dung dch cha hn hp 0,2 mol Na
2
CO
3
v 0,012 mol K
2
CO
3
vo dung dch
cha hn hp 0,02 mol HCl v 0,02 mol NaHSO
4
. Th tch kh CO
2
sinh ra ( ktc) l
A. 0,4480 lt. B. 0,7168 lt. C. 0,896 lt. D. 0,224 lt.
Cu 42: 100 ml dung dch X cha 2,17 gam hn hp gm: NaOH, Na
2
CO
3
v Na
2
SO
4
. Cho BaCl
2
d vo
dung dch X thu c kt ta v dung dch Y. trung ho dung dch Y cn 20 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M.
Mt khc 50 ml dung dch X tc dng va ht vi dung dch HCl c 112 ml kh (ktc). Nng mol
ca Na
2
SO
4
trong dung dch X l
A. 0,5M. B. 0,05M. C. 0,12M. D. 0,06M.
Kha hc LTH mn Ha hc Thy Ngc Bi tp v phn ng ca kim loi v hp cht vi axit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Cu 43: Cho 18 gam hn hp bt Al, Al
2
O
3
v mt kim loi R ho tr II khng i.
- Nu ho tan ht hn hp bng H
2
SO
4
long (d) thy thot ra 8,96 lt H
2
(ktc).
- Nu cho hn hp tc dng vi dung dch NaOH 2M thy thot ra 6,72 lt H
2
(ktc) v lng NaOH ti
a cho phn ng l 200 ml, ngoi ra cn mt phn cht rn khng tan. Kim loi R v % khi lng Al
2
O
3

trong hn hp l:
A. Be; 62,58%. B. Mg; 56,67%. C. Mg; 85,55%. D. Ni, 56,67%.
Cu 44: Hn hp Cr, Al, Cu tc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl (khng c mt khng kh) to nn 8,96
lt kh (ktc) v 12,7 gam b rn khng tan. Lc ly dung dch, thm mt lng d dung dch NaOH v
nc clo ri thm d dung dch BaCl
2
, thu c 25,3 gam kt ta vng. Phn trm khi lng Al trong
hn hp l:
A. 23,18. B. 22,31. C. 19,52. D. 40,15.
Cu 45: Chia 7,8 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Ha tan vo 250 ml dung dch HCl a mol/lt sau khi kt thc phn ng c cn dung dch th thu
c 12,775 gam cht rn khan.
- Phn 2: Ha tan vo 500 ml dung dch HCl a mol/lt sau khi kt thc phn ng c cn dung dch th thu
c 18,1 gam cht rn khan.
Gi tr a l:
A. 0,4. B. 0,5. C. 0,8. D. 1,0.
Cu 46: Cho 1,7 gam hn hp gm Zn v kim loi X thuc nhm IIA tc dng vi dung dch HCl d,
sinh ra 0,672 lt kh H
2
( ktc). Mt khc khi cho 1,9 gam X tc dng vi dung dch H
2
SO
4
long, d th
th tch kh H
2
sinh ra cha n 1,12 lt ( ktc). Kim loi X l:
A. Ba. B. Ca. C. Mg. D. Fe.
Cu 47: Ha tan 27,4 gam Ba vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 2M v CuSO
4
3M c m gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 33,1. B. 56,4. C. 12,8. D. 46,6.
Cu 48: Cho 0,2 mol Na chy ht trong O
2
d c m gam sn phm rn X. Ha tan ht X trong nc thu
c 0,025 mol O
2
. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,9. B. 5,4. C. 7,0. D. 7,8.



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