BMM2523 Thermodynamics 2 Semester 1 2013/2014

PROJECT 1
1. Consider an air-standard Otto cycle. The temperature at the beginning of the compression process is 300 K, and the pressure is 1 bar, and the cylinder volume is 560 cm3. The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2000 K. The compression ratio of the cycle is 8. Determine: a. the temperature and pressure at the end of each process of the cycle; b. the thermal efficiency; c. the mean effective pressure, in atm. 2. Consider an air-standard Diesel cycle operating with a compression ratio of 18. At the beginning of the compression process, the temperature is 300 K and the presseure is 0.1 MPa. The cutoff ratio for the cycle is 2. Determine: a. the temperature and pressure at the end of each process of the cycle; b. the thermal efficiency of the cycle; c. the mean effective pressure of the cycle in MPa. 3. Consider an ideal air-standard Brayton cycle. Air enters the compressor at pressure 100 kPa, temperature 300 K., and volumetric flowrate 5 m3/s. The compressor pressure ratio is 10. If the turbine inlet temperature is 1400 K, determine: a. the thermal efficiency of the cycle; b. the back work ratio of the cycle; c. the net power output, in kW.
High-Level Problems

4. Consider an ideal Brayton cycle. Determine the pressure ratio across the compressor to achieve maximum net work output per unit mass flow. This is under the assumption that the state at the compressor inlet and the temperature at the turbine inlet are fixed. Use a cold air-standard analysis. Ignore kinetic and potential energy effects. Include discussion with your findings and analyses. 5. Design a closed-system air-standard gas power cycle composed of three processes and having a minimum thermal efficiency of 20 percent. The processes may be isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, isentropic, polytropic, or pressure as a linear function of volume; however, the Otto, Diesel, Ericsson, and Stirling cycles may not be used. Prepare an engineering report describing your design, showing the system, P-v and T-s diagrams, and sample calculations. 6. Exhaust gases from the turbine of a simple Brayton cycle are quite hot and may be used for other thermal purposes. One proposed use is generating saturated steam at 110oC from water at 30oC in a boiler. This steam will be distributed to several buildings on a college campus for space heating. A Brayton cycle with a pressure ratio of 6 is to be used for this purpose. Plot the power produced, the flow rate of produced steam, and the maximum cycle temperature as functions of the rate at which heat is added to the cycle. The temperature at the turbine inlet is not to exceed 2000oC.