a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x?

sf] nflu

:sfkmf]lN laifodf ;Lk ljsf; tfnLd k|bfg ug{ tflnd k|bfosx?sf] nflu cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb{]lzsf
(LoI Preparation Guideline For Training Provider in Scaffolding Skill Development Training)

g]kfn ;/sf/

>d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{sf] ;lrjfno cgfdgu/, sf7df8f+}

!= k[i7e"ld M
d'n'sdf /f]huf/ ahf/ ck]lIft ?kdf lj:tf/ x'g g;s]sf] / t'ngfTds >d nfut / nfesf l;4fGt cg';f/ g]kfnLx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ . o;jf6 a]/f]huf/ ;d:of Go"gLs/0f ug]{ Pp6f cfsif{s ljsNksf] ?kdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/ b]vf k/]sf] 5 . xfn g]kfnjf6 b}lgs !%)) b]lv @))) o'jfx?j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] u/]sf 5g . h; cg';f/ @)&) sflQ{s d;fGt ;Dd sl/a #! nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf g]kfnL sfdbf/ ef/t afx]ssf d'n'sdf uPsf] cf+s8f 5 . o;}u/L aLgf >d :jLs[lt klg 7"nf] ;+Vofdf g]kfnL o'jfx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg /x]sf 5g . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ljf6 g]kfnn] @)^(.)&) df s/Lj $)) cj{ ?k}of lak]|if0fsf] ?kdf k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . lak]|if0fn] u|fdL0f hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg tyf u/LjL / ef]sd/L 36fpg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofPsf] b]lvG5 . d'n'ssf ;j} lhNnfjf6 w]/} yf]/} JolQmx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf] b]lvG5 . ;/sf/n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu !)( d'n's v'nf u/]sf] ePtfklg dn]l;of, stf/, ;fpbL c/j, ;+o'Qm c/j Old/]6\;, s'j]t, ax/fOg, cf]dg / blIf0f sf]l/of d'Vo uGtJo d'n'ssf ?kdf /x]sf 5g . aflif{s >d ahf/df yk x'g] hgzlQm dWo] cbIf sfdbf/x?sf] ;+Vof pRr /xgfn] g]kfnsf] cGt/fli6o >d ahf/df k|ltikwf{Tds Ifdtf sdhf]/ agfPsf] 5 . o;jf6 sfdbf/x?sf] sfo{ :yndf hf]lvd a9fPsf] 5 . oltdfq xf]Og sfdbf/x? s/f/ eGbf km/s / vt/fo'Qm sfd ug{ jfWo ePsf 5g . xfn g]kfnL sfdbf/dWo] &% k|ltzt >lds cbIf ,@# k|ltzt cw{bIf / @ k|ltzt dfq bIf /x]sf] ljleGg cf+s8fn] b]vfPsf] 5 . oL dWo] s/Lj *) k|ltzt >lds @)#) jif{sf] pd]/sf] / &% k|ltztn] dfWolds lzIff ;d]t k'/f gu/]sf] b]lvG5 . clzlIft sfdbf/ x'g', ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf] jf/]df jf:tljs hfgsf/L gx'g]glng], d'n'sdf Jofj;flos / ;Lko'Qm hgzlQm pTkfbgsf] sfo{n] plrt dxTj kfpg g;s]sf], sfg"gdf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu sfd;Fu ;DjlGwt tfnLdnfO{ clgjfo{ ug{ / Jojl:yt ug{ g;lsPsf] cj:yf klg 5 . kl/0ffdt clwsf+z g]kfnL sfdbf/ Labour, Helper, d];g, :sfkmf]lN8, Construction worker, Cleanerh:tf cbIf sfdbf/n] ug]{ sfddf hfg jfWo 5g . Psk6s j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uO{ kmls{{Psf sfdbf/x?sf] sf/0f s]xL cw{bIf sfdbf/ j[l4 ePsf 5g . oltdfq xf]Og pRr k|ltefo'Qm / bIf hgzlQmx? ;d]t k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf cg';f/
3

cj;/sf] vf]hLsf qmddf Ifdtf ljsf; / ;'ljwfo'Qm hLjgofkgsf nflu j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf cfslif{t ePsf 5g . t/ o:sf] lx:;f Hofb} Go"g 5 .

@=sfo{qmdsf] kl/ro M
O{n]sl6l;og(Electrician) eGgfn] ejg tyf Joj;foLs ejgx?df ljh'nL ;DjGwL sfd ug]{ sfo{nfO{ a'emfp5 . jfol/8= ug]{, ljh'nLaQL ;DjGwL ljleGg k|sf/sf] pks/0fx? h8fg, dd{t ;fy} pQm sfo{x?sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ nfut Oli6d]6x? tof/ ug]{ ;d]t kg{ cfpF5 . g]kfn / ljb]zdf ;d]t o:tf hgzlQmx?sf] 7"nf] ;+Vofdf cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

# sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zo M
o; tfnLd sfo{qmdsf] p2]Zox? lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ . j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxfg] o'jfx?nfO{ cfjZos Go"gtd ;Lksf] ljsf;df ;xof]u k'/\ofpg', slDtdf cw{bIf hgzlQm cfk"lt{ u/L sfdbf/sf] sfo{ Ifdtf / cfodf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ Nofpg', ;Lk l;s]/ dfq j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg' k5{ eGg] efjgf wf/0ffsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'/\ofpg', hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / ;'/lIft j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ljifodf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ cled'vLs/0f ug'{ .

$= sfo{qmdaf6 ck]lIft pknlAw M

o; sfo{qmdaf6 lgDg cg';f/sf pknlAwsf] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . k|lzIffyL{x? 3/ tyf Joj;flos ejgx? lgdf{0fsf nflu kmnfd] v6 h8fg ug]{ ;Lk ;DaGwL Jojxf/Ls bIftf k|fKt u/L cfkm} sfo{ ug{ ;Ifd x'g] 5g\ . hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/n] ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf] af/]df hfgsf/ x'g] 5g\ sfd cg';f/sf] cfDbfgL ;'lglZrt x'g] jftfj/0f tof/ x'g] 5 . ljleGg tflnd s]Gb|jf6 k|bfg ul/g] tflnddf Ps?ktf / k"0f{tf sfod ug'{ . ;'/lIft cfk|jf;gsf k|s[ofjf/] sfdbf/nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg / sfdbf/nfO{ dfgl;s ?kdf tof/ u/fO{ :jlg0f{o ug{ ;Ifd agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 . tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4df ;xof]u k'Ug hfg] 5 .

%= tfnLd ;+rfng Ifdtf / k|lzIffyL{ ;+Vof M

4

tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] Go"gtd %) b]lv @)) hgf;DdnfO{ @)&! ;fn j};fv d;fGt leq tfnLd k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf /x]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . tfnLd k|bfg ubf{ Ps ;d'xdf clwstd k|lzIffyL{ ;+Vof @% x'g]]5 . ;}4flGts sIffsf] nflu Ps ;d'x / k|of]ufTds cEof;sf] nflu To;nfO{ b'O{ ;d'xdf sfo{qmd ;rf+ng ug'{ kg]{5 . Ps lbgdf Ps ;d'xsf] dfq tfnLd ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{5 .

^= tfnLd k|j]zsf] nflu k|lzIffyL{sf] Go"gtd dfkb08 M

tfnLd lngsf] nflu zf/Ll/s ?kdf tGb'?:t x'g'sf] ;fy} tnsf dfkb08 k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . !* aif{ pd]/ k'u]sf], g]kfnL gful/ssf] k|df0f kq jf /fxbfgL k|fKt u/]sf], ;fwf/0f n]vk9 ug{ ;Sg], k|of]ufTds tfnLdsf] nflu OR5's tyf k|lta4, j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfgsf nflu dfgl;s ?kdf tof/ eO{ cfjZos tof/L u/]sf] jf hfg rfx]sf],

&=tfnLd ;+rfng

;dofjlw M

tfnLdsf] cjlw hDdf !^) 306fsf] x'g]5 . h;dWo] sl/a @) k|ltzt ;}4flGts / *) k|ltzt k|of]ufTds cEof; u/fpg' kg]{5 . Ps lbgdf slDtdf ^ 306f tfnLd ;+rfng ug'{ kg]{ 5 .

*= k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod M
k|lzIf0fsf] dfWod d"ntM g]kfnL x'g]5 . k|lzIf0fdf k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/, pks/0f / k|fljlws zJbfjnLx? eg] rng rNtLdf /x]sf] h'g;'s} efiffdf x'g;Sg]5 . ;}4flGts kf7, k|of]ufTds cEof;, u/]/ b]vfpg] (Demonstration) / cf}Bf]lus cWoog e|d0f tfnLdsf cGo k|lzIf0f ljlw x'g]5g\ .

(=Go"gtd pkl:ytLsf] cfjZostf M

tfnLd cjlwsf] slDtdf () k|ltzt pkl:ylt ePsf k|lzIffyL{x?n] dfq tfnLddf ;xefuL ePsf] k|df0f kq k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

!)=k|df0f kq ;DalGw Joj:yf M

5

tfnLddf ;xefuLx?n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g jf]8{ / tfnLd ;+rfng ug]{ ;+:yf4f/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf hf/L ul/Psf] k|df0fkq kfpg]5g\ . k|df0f kqsf] 9fFrf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!!= k|lzIffyL{sf] d"Nofg k|lqmof M

k|lzIffyL{x?sf] nuftf/ d"Nofg ljlw (Continuous Evaluation System) af6 ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] d"Nofg ug'{ kg]{5 . To;sf] cg'udg ;do ;dodf jf]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] ug]{5 . tfnLdsf] cGtdf jf]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lnPsf] jf cfof]hgf u/]sf] kl/Iffdf pQL0f{ u/]kl5 dfq k|df0f kq k|bfg ul/g]5 . k|To]s kf7x?df ug'{ kg]{ nuftf/ d"Nofg ljlw (Continuous Evaluation System) sf] 9fFrf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g] 5 .

!@= sfo{zfnf, d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgx? M

tfnLd ;+rfngsf] nflu tfnLd k|bfo ;+:yfdf tn pNn]lvt sfo{zfnf, d]lzg, cf}hf/ tyf ;/;fdfgx? Go"gtd ?kdf x'g' kg]{5 . cfjZos k/]df cGo yk ;fdu|Lx? klg ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

!#= k|lzIfsx?sf] of]Uotf / ;+Vof M

sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] nflu ! hgf d'Vo / ! hgf ;xfos k|lzIfs u/L hDdf @ hgf k|lzIfssf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . ltgLx?sf] of]Uotf / cg'ej lgDg adf]lhd x'g] 5 . hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ;DaGwL cltl/Qm k|lzIfssf] klg Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 . d"Vo k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - k|fljlws P;=Pn=;L= plQ0f{ u/L # aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] jf P;=Pn=;L= pQL0f{ u/L ;DalGwt ljifodf Go"gtd # dlxgfsf] tfnLd lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df jf :jb]zdf % aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] . ;xfos k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - ;fwf/0f n]vk9 ug{ ;Sg], ;DalGwt ljifodf # dlxgfsf] tfnLd lnO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ jf :jb]zd} ;DalGwt ljifodf # aif{sf] sfof{g'ej ePsf] . cltl/Qm k|lzIfssf] of]Uotf / cg'ej M - hLjg pkof]uL ;Lk / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljifodf k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f tfnLd lnPsf] jf To; ljifosf] ljifo lj1 x'g' kg]{5 .
6

!$= sfo{zfnf, d]zLg, cf}hf/ / ;/ ;fdfgsf] ljj/0f

qm=;+= ljj/0f != sfof{zfnf -sl/a !))) au{ lkm6 If]qkmn ePsf] n]jn ul/Psf] rf}tfn_ @= sIff sf]7f #= :6f]/ $= sfof{no ;fOh !))) au{ lkm6 Kfl/df0f ! OsfO{ Jf6f

@%) ju{ lkm6 !%) ju{ lkm6 !%) ju{ ld6/

! ! !

Jf6f Jf6f Jf6f

xft] Hofjn tyf cf}hf/x? M != JolQmut ;'/Iffsf ;fwgx? M

Safety Helmet 20 Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc

Safety Glass Safety ear plug Safety Gloves Safety Shoes Safety Harness

20 10
20

20 20 2 20 20 10 10 10 20m 4 4

@= cf}hf/x? M
Box Spanner Open Spanner Tool Belt Spirit Level Measuring Tape Marker Rop Gin Wheel Bucket

#=

Scaffoldingsf] nflu ;fdfu|Lx?

1 " Steel Pipe 2'm 4'm 3'm 6'm

36 12 24 12 pc

Pc Pc Pc Pc

$=

Coupler or clamp
Double clamp or right angled coupler Double clamp or right algled coupler or fixed coupler Single clap or putlog Beam Clamp or girder clamp or S.K.
7

200 200 200

Pc Pc Pc

 Board Clamp Joint Clamp - Joint box - Joint Pin - Joint Pin Box

200 (3 types) 12 4

Pc Pc Pc Pc

% ^= &= *= (= !)=

Board or Plank
Metal Boards Wooden Boards

40pcx3mx25x5cm 15 1 2 2 20pc

Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc Pc

Base Plate
Pin type base plate Adjustable Base Plate

Mobile Scaffold Caster Access ladder 2m Access Ladder 6m Sold Board

gf]6 M kf7\oqmddf ;+nUg ul/Psf sfd / ;Lkx?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ vr{ eP/ hfg] ;/ ;fdfu|Lx? ;DalGwt ;+:yfx?n] kof{Kt dfqfdf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

!%= d'Vo sfo{ tyf ;Lkx?sf] ;+lIfKt ;"rL M

qm=;= != @= #= $= %= sfdx? / ;Lkx? Scaffolding sf] concepts af/] hfgsf/L lbg] Scaffolding sf] Elements x?sf] kl/ro lbg] gfk (Measurement) ug{ l;sfpg] / PsfO{ kl/jt{g (Unit Conversion) ug]{ ljleGg ;'/Iffsf pkfox? (Safety Measure) af/] hfgsf/L lbg] Scaffolding df k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/, pks/0f ;fy} ;fdfu|Lx?sf] kl/ro, ltgsf] k|of]u ug{ l;sfpg] Scaffoldings sf] sfd ug]{ If]q (Site) sf] tof/L ug]{ Fixed Tower Scaffolding sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Mobile tower scaffolding sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Independent tower scaffolding sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Birdcage tower scaffolding sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Cantilever scaffolding sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ Fixed Tower Scaffolding Vff]Ng] sfd ug]{ Independent / Mobile Tower Scaffolding Vff]Ng] sfd ug]{ Cantilever scaffolding vf]Ng] sfd ug]{ cfk|jf;g ;DalGw hfgsf/L / j}b]lzs /f[huf/ jf/]
8

;do -306fdf_ ;}4flGts Kf|of]ufTds @ ) @ $ @ $ @ @ @ ^

hDdf @ ^ ^ $ *

^= &= *= (= !)= !!= !@= !#= !$= !%=

@ @ @ @ @ @ ! ! ! %

# !% !% !% !% !% % & % @

% !& !& !& !& !& ^ * ^ &

Life Skills: Self Awareness, Empathy, Effective Communication, Interpersonal Skill, Emotion management, Manage Stress, Creative Thinking, Critical thinking, Goal Setting, Employer-Employee Relation

hDdf M

#@

!@*

!^)

gf]6 sfd / ;Lkx?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ vr{ eP/ hfg] ;/ ;fdu|Lx? ;DalGwt ;+:yfx?n] kof{Kt dfqfdf pknJw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

!^= 5gf]6sf nflu lgDg Criteria k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5 M s_ k|f/lDes Go"gtd Criteria M ;+:yf jfkmd{sf] btf{ O{hfht kq lnPsf], cBfjlws gljs/0f u/]sf], :yfoL n]vf GfDa/ lnPsf], d'=c=s/df clgjfo{ ?kdf btf{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . cf=j= )^(.)&) sf] s/ r'Stf u/]sf] k|df0f ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . v_ tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf 5gf]6sf] dfkb08 lgDg cg';f/ x'g] 5 .

s|=;+=
! @ # $ % ^

ljj/0f
;fwf/0f cg'ej ;DjGwL d"Nof+sg ;dfg k|s[ltsf] tfnLd ;DkGgsf] cg'ej ;DjlGwt k|fljlws k|lzIfsx?sf] cj:yf ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yfsf] ljj/0f cfjZos ef}lts k"jfwf/, pks/0f / cf}hf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f

k"0f{f+s
!) #) @) @) !%

;DalGwt lhNnfdf btf{gljs/0f eO{ ljut sDtLdf % % aif{ b]lv :yfgLo :t/df tfnLd ;+rfng sfo{ u/L /x]sf] ;DalGwt lhNnfdf lgodfg';f/ zfvf vf]nL :yfgLo :t/df tfnLd k|bfg ug]{ sfo{df sfo{/t /x]sf] ;+:yfnfO{ klg o; cg';f/sf] c+s lbO{g] 5 _ hDdf !)) gf]6 M s'n k"0ff{ssf] %) k|ltzteGbf clwstd c+s k|fKt ug]{ ;+:yfnfO{ qmdz M5gf]6 ul/g] 5 .

tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf 5gf]6sf] dfkb08sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f

!= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f cg'ej ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s !)_ !=! ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf aif{ - k"0ff{s %, k|ltaif{ ! c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5_
9

!=@ ljut kfFr aif{df ;+:yfn] u/]sf] cGo dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; tfnLd ;DjGwL ljj/0f -k"0ff{s %_ s|=;+= tfnLdsf] ljj/0f ;DkGg nfeflGjt tLgLx?sf] ePsf] ;+Vof /f]huf/Lsf] aif{ l:ylt ! )^%.)^^ @ )^^.)^& # )^&.)^* % )^*.)^( % )^(.)&) Gff]6 M !_ sfd u/]sf] k|ltaif{ ! c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ tfnLd ;+rfng ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuhft -h:t} ;Ddmf}tf kq, cg"ej k|df0f kq, cflb_ k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @= ljut b'O{ aif{df ;dfg k|s[ltsf] tfnLd ;DkGgsf] cg'ej - k"0ff{s #)_ S|=;+= tfnLdsf] ljj/0f :yfg ;DkGg nfeflGjt tLgLx?sf] ePsf] ;+Vof /f]huf/Lsf] aif{ l:ylt ! )^*.)^( @ )^(.)&) Gff]6 M !_ sfd u/]sf] k|ltaif{ !% c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ tfnLd ;+rfng ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 #= ;DjlGwt k|lzIfs k|fljlwsx?sf] cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s @)_ s|=;= k|lzIfssf] ljj/0f ! @ # Gff]6 M !_ k|lzIfs, ;xfos k|lzIfssf] b'j}sf] xsdf af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] tf]s]sf] of]Uotf k'u]df %% c+s / sfd u/]sf] cjlwsf] k|ltaif{ !! c+ssf b/n] c+s|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ k|lzIfs, ;xfos k|lzIfssf] lgo'lQm cg'ej ;DjGwL cflwsfl/s k|df0f kq k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . $= ljut b'O{ aif{sf] tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f k"0ff{s @)_
10

:yfg

tfnLdsf] cjlw

tfnLdsf] cjlw

;+Vof

cg"ej cjlw cfjZos of]Uotf

s}lkmot

s|=;= cf=j=

Afflif{s 6g{cf]e/?=_

s}lkmot

! )^*)^( @ )^()&) Gff]6 M !_ k|ltaif{ !) c+ssf b/n] c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ ljut b'O{ cfly{s aif{df aflif{s n]vfkl/If0f u/]sf] k|ltj]bg jf s/ r'Stf k|df0f kqn] Go"gtd ?=!)- bz _ nfv d"No a/fa/s]f sfo{s|d ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf] cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .

%= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s !%_ %=! cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s &=%_ s|=;+= ljj/0f ! @ # $ % Gff]6 M !_ af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d'Vo ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf cfwf/df c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ vl/b u/]sf] eP aLnsf] / ef8fdf lnPsf] eP ;Demf}tf kqsf] cflwsfl/s k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk sfuhft ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{ 5 . %=@ cfjZos cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f - k"0ff{s &=%_ s|=;+= ljj/0f ! @ # $ % O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot

11

Gff]6 M !_ af]8{sf] ;lrjfnon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] d'Vo cf}hf/ pks/0fsf cfwf/df c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ vl/b u/]sf] eP aLnsf] / ef8fdf lnPsf] eP ;Demf}tf kqsf] cflwsfl/s sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . ^= :yfgLo ;+:yf ePsf] ljj/0f - k"0ff{s %_ s|=;+= ;+:yf btf{ tfnLd gljs/0f ;+rfng ePsf] lhNnf :yfglhNnf / btf{ g+= ldlt tfnLd ;+rfngsf] tfnLd 6]8ljifox? / ;+rfng ;+Vofx? ul/Psf] aif{ s}lkmot

Gff]6 M !_ ;+:yf btf{gljs/0f / tfnLd ;+rfng :yfg ;dfg ePdf k|To]s aif{sf] tfnLd jfkt ! c+ssf b/n] a9Ldf % c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 . @_ pNn]v ul/Psf] ljj/0fnfO{ k'li6 ug]{ k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z ePdf dfq c+s k|bfg ul/g] 5 .

cfzo kq k]z ug]{ gd"gf

>Ldfg\ sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsHo" j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{sf] ;lrjfno cgfdgu/, sf7df08f}+ .

ljifo M cfzo kq k]z u/]sf] ;DjGwdf .

dxf]bo, k|:t't ljifodf txfF ;lrjfnosf] ldlt @)&).(. df ================klqsfdf k|sflzt cfzo kq k]z ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf adf]lhd
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lgDg ljj/0f v'nfO{ lgDg sfuhft ;+nUg /fvL ?=!) sf] l6s6 6f+;L tfnLd ;+rfng ug{sf nflu o;} ;fy cfzo kq k]z u/]sf] 5' . != tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] gfd M @= 7]ufgf / zfvf sfo{fno eP ;f]sf] klg 7]ufgf M #= cflwsfl/s ;Dks{ JolQmsf] gfd / ;Dks{ kmf]g g+=M $= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] sfg"gL cj:yf o ;+:yf jf kmd{sf] btf{ O{hfht kq M o d'=c=s/df btf{ ePsf] k|df0f g+=M o :yfoL n]vf GfDa/ Mk|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ^= tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo M &= ;+:yfsf] ;+u7gfTds 9f+rf s= ;+u7gfTds 9f+rf M v= sfo{fnosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ M s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf s}lkmot ef8fdf ! @ # $ *= sfo{ If]q -lhNnf, c+rn, ljsf; If]q_ M (= tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f M ;DalGwt laifodf ljut b'O{ aif{sf] tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f
:yfg s|=;+= tfnLdsf] gfd nfeflGjt ;DkGg ;+Vof aif{ /f]huf/L cj:yf -k|ltzt_ bft[ jf ;fdm]bf/sf] gfd

cGo dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; -tfnLd_laifodf ljut k+fr aif{sf tfnLd k|bfg u/]sf] ljj/0f
:yfg s|=;+= tfnLdsf] gfd nfeflGjt TffnLd ;+Vof aif{ /f]huf/L cj:yf -k|ltzt_ bft[ jf ;fdm]bf/sf] gfd

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tfnld k|bfos ;+:yfsf] dfgj ;+zfwg ;DaGwL ljj/0f s= ;+:yfsf] dfgj ;+zfwg Ifdtf ljj/0f s|=;+= Gfd lzIff cg"ej Kb s}lkmot

gf]6 d'Vo sd{rf/Lx?sf] JolQmut ljj/0f cg';"rLdf ;+nUg ug{ kg]{ 5 . v= k|lzIfssf] ljj/0f
s|=;+= Gfd k|ljlws of]Uotf If}lzs cg"ej of]Uotf cjlw s}lkmot

tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] cfjZos tfnLds]f nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f s=cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DjGwL ljj/0f
s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot

! @ # $ v= cfjZos cf}hf/ pks/0f ;DjGwL ljj/0f

s|=;+= ljj/0f O{sfO cfkm\gf] jf ef8fdf s}lkmot

! @ # tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf] ljQLo cj:yf ;DjGwL ljj/0f s|=;= cf=j= Afflif{s 6g{cf]e/s}lkmot ?=_ ! )^*.)^( @ )^(.)&) tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf k|d'vsf] gfdM
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b:tvt M tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yfsf]5fkM ldlt M M

-gf]6 M cfzo kq k]z x'g] 8s'd]G6sf] ;+/rgf o; k|sf/ x'g' kg]{5 . klxnf] v08 M kl/ro h:t} M ;+:yfsf] kl/ro, ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo, ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] cj:yf, dfgj ;+zfwgsf] ljj/0f, ;+:yfsf] k|ult ljj/0fx?, btf{gljs/0f k|df0f kq, :yfoL n]vf g+= k|df0f kq, d'=c=s/ btf{ k|df0f kq, s/ r'Stf k|df0f kq, cGo cfjZos cfwf/e"t ljj/0f / sfuhftx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . _ bf];|f] v08 M ljj/0f tyf k|df0fx? -cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb]{lzsf adf]lhdsf 9fFrfdf oyf{y ljj/0fx? / tL ljj/0fnfO{ k|dfl0ftk'li6 ug]{ sfuhftsf k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlkx? ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 ._ t];|f] v08 M cg';"rLx? - h:t} M k|aGw kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx? a|f];/kmf]6f]x? cflb _ o;df k]z x'g] ;a} sfuhftx?df tfnLd k|bfos ;+:yf k|d'v jf cflwsf/Ls JolQmsf] b:tvt / ;+:yfsf] 5fk nufpg' kg]{5 ;fy} k|df0fsf] ?kdf k]z x'g] sfuhftx? k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk x'g' kg]{5 .

;Dks{ g+= M

km\ofS; g+=

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