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Chuong 7 - Tinh Toan Thiet Ke He Thong Duong Ong Dan Nuoc
Chuong 7 - Tinh Toan Thiet Ke He Thong Duong Ong Dan Nuoc
7.1 H thng ng ng dn nc
* Vt liu ng ng : Ngi ta s dng nhiu loi vt liu khc nhau lm ng ng c th
nh sau :
Bng 7-1 : Vt liu ng dn nc
Chc nng
1. ng nc lnh chiller
Vt liu
- Thp en hoc thp trng km
- ng ng cng
2. ng nc gii nhit v - ng thp trng km
nc cp
- ng ng cng
3. ng nc ngng hoc - ng thp trng km
x cn
- ng ng cng
- ng PVC
4. Bo ho hoc nc - ng thp en
ngng bo ho
- ng ng cng
5. Nc nng
- ng thp en
- ng ng cng
* c tnh ca ng ng thp
Cc loi ng thp en thng c s dng dn nc c nhiu loi vi dy
mng khc nhau. Theo mc dy ngi ta chia ra lm nhiu mc khc nhau t Schedul 10
n Schedul 160. Trn bng 7-2 cc loi ng k hiu ST l ng c dy tiu chun, cc
ng XS l loi ng c chiu dy rt ln
Bng 7-2 : c tnh ca ng ng thp
ng knh danh
ngha
in
mm
6,35
1/4
6,35
1/4
9,525
3/8
9,525
3/8
12,7
1/2
ng knh
trong
mm
9,245
7,67
12,52
10,74
15,798
ng knh
ngoi
mm
13,716
13,716
17,145
17,145
21,336
159
p sut lm
vic
at
13
61
14
58
15
Loi
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1.1/4
1.1/4
1.1/2
1.1/2
2
2
2.1/2
2.1/2
3
3
4
4
6
6
8
8
8
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
14
14
14
14
12,7
19,05
19,05
25,4
25,4
31,75
31,75
38,1
38,1
50,8
50,8
63,5
63,5
76,2
76,2
101,6
101,6
152,4
152,4
203,2
203,2
203,2
254
254
254
304,8
304,8
304,8
304,8
355,6
355,6
355,6
355,6
21,336
26,67
26,67
28,83
28,83
42,164
42,164
48,26
48,26
60,325
60,325
73,025
73,025
88,9
88,9
114,3
114,3
168,275
168,275
219,07
219,07
219,07
273,05
273,05
273,05
323,85
323,85
323,85
323,85
355,6
355,6
355,6
355,6
13,868
20,93
18,46
26,64
24,3
35,05
32,46
40,98
38,1
52,5
49,25
62,71
59
77,927
73,66
102,26
97,18
154,05
146,33
205
202,171
193,675
257,45
254,5
247,65
307,08
303,225
298,45
288,95
336,55
333,4
330,2
317,5
53
15
48
16
45
16
42
16
40
16
39
37
59
34
54
30
49
49
85
37
45
78
34
43
62
32
41
53
76
34
41
48
76
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40 ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
40ST
80XS
30
40ST
80XS
30
40ST
80XS
30ST
40
XS
80
30 ST
40
XS
80
Loi
ng knh
trong, mm
32,89
39,14
51,84
77,089
101,828
126,517
DWV
DWV
DWV
DWV
DWV
DWV
160
ng knh
ngoi, mm
34,925
41,275
53,975
79,375
104,775
130,185
152,4
203,2
203,2
203,2
203,2
254
254
254
304,8
304,8
304,8
6
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
12
12
12
151,358
192,6
196,215
197,74
200,83
240
244,475
246,4
287,4
293,75
295,07
DWV
K
L
M
DWV
K
L
M
K
L
M
155,57
206,375
206,375
206,375
206,375
257,175
257,175
257,175
307,975
307,975
307,975
Mc gin n, mm/m
ng ng
ng thp
0
0
0,111
0,168
0,223
0,336
0,336
0,504
0,459
0,672
0,572
0,840
0,684
1,080
0,805
1,187
Khu
m
2,438
3,048
3,657
161
101,6 152,4
203,2 n 304,8
355,6 n 609,6
4,267
4,877
6,096
Khu
m
1,829
2,438
3,048
3,657
4,267
Qk
C p .t K
(7-1)
- Lu lng nc lnh
G NL =
QOk
C p .t O
(7-2)
- Lu lng nc nng
G NN =
QSI
C p .t NN
(7-3)
trong :
Qk, Qo v QSI - Cng sut nhit bnh ngng, cng sut lnh bnh bay hi v cng sut
b gia nhit khng kh, kW.
tn, tNL, tNN - chnh nhit nc vo ra bnh ngng, bnh bay hi v b sy.
Thng t 3 5 oC.
Cp - Nhit dung ring ca nc, Cp 4186 J/kg.oC.
Dc theo tuyn ng lu lng thay i v vy cn phi thay i tit din ng ng mt
cch tng ng.
Tc ca nc
2,4 3,6
1,2 2,1
1,2 2,1
1,2 4,5
0,9 3,0
1,5 3
0,9 2,1
7.2.3. Xc nh ng knh ng dn
Trn c s lu lng v tc trn tng on ng tin hnh xc nh ng knh
trong ca ng nh sau :
4.V
,m
.
d=
(7-4)
trong :
V- Lu lng th tch nc chuyn ng qua on ng ang tnh, m3/s
V = L/
L - Lu lng khi lng nc chuyn ng qua ng, kg/s
- Khi lng ring ca nc, kg/m3
- Tc nc chuyn ng trn ng, c la chn theo bng 7-7, m/s
2
2
= .
(7-6)
l td 2
.
d
2
(7-7)
* H s tr lc ma st
- Khi chy tng Re = d/ < 2.103
64
Re
(7-8)
1
(1,82 log163
Re 1,64) 2
(7-9)
=
- Khi chy ri Re > 104 :
Bng 7-8 : H s ma st
H s
0,5
23
0,35
0,75
0,45
0,4
1,5
0,1
0,25
0,04
0,20
0,90
4,5
24,0
6,4
9,5
V tr
- T bnh vo ng
- Qua van
- Ct 45o tiu chun
- Ct 90o tiu chun
- Ct 90o bn knh cong ln
- Ch T, nhnh chnh
- Ch T, Nhnh ph
- Qua ng tht
- Qua ng m
- Khp ni
- Van cng m 100%
m 75%
m 50%
m 25%
- Van cu c m 100%
m 50%
A
= [1 1
A2
(7-10)
H s
0,37
0,35
0,32
0,27
0,22
0,17
0,10
0,06
0,02
0
* Xc nh tr lc cc b bng di tng ng
xc nh tr lc cc b ngoi cch xc nh nh h s tr lc cc b , ngi ta cn c
cch qui i ra tn tht ma st tng ng v ng vi n l chiu di tng ng.
Di y l chiu di tng ng ca mt s thit b ng ng nc.
164
ng
knh
in
3/8
1/2
3/4
1
11/4
11/2
2
21/2
3
31/2
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
Van cu
Van
60o Y
Van 45o
Y
Van
gc
Van
ca
5,180
5,486
6,705
8,839
11,582
13,106
16,764
21,031
25,603
30,480
36,576
42,672
51,816
67,056
85,344
97,536
109,728
124,968
140,208
158,496
185,928
2,438
2,743
3,353
4,572
6,096
7,315
9,144
10,668
13,106
15,240
17,678
21,641
26,882
35,052
44,196
50,292
56,388
61,010
73,152
83,820
97,536
1,829
2,134
2,743
3,657
4,572
5,486
7,315
8,839
10,668
12,496
14,325
17,678
21,336
25,910
32,000
39,624
47,240
54,864
60,960
71,628
80,772
1,829
2,134
2,743
3,657
4,572
5,486
7,315
8,839
10,668
12,496
14,325
17,678
21,336
25,910
32,000
39,624
47,240
54,864
60,960
71,628
80,772
0,183
0,213
0,274
0,305
0,457
0,548
0,701
0,853
0,975
1,219
1,372
1,829
2,134
2,743
3,657
3,692
4,572
5,182
5,791
6,705
7,620
Van 1
chiu
lt
1,524
1,829
2,438
3,048
4,267
4,877
6,096
7,620
9,144
10,668
12,192
15,240
18,288
24,384
30,480
36,576
41,148
45,720
50,292
60,960
73,152
Lc Y Lc Y
ren
mt
bch
0,914
1,219
1,524
2,743
3,048
8,229 4,267
8,534 6,096
12,800 12,192
14,630
18,288
23,380
33,528
45,720
57,192
76,200
-
Van 1
chiu
nng
Van 1
chiu
dng
cu
ging
van
cu
Van 1
chiu
dng
gc
ging
van
gc
Ct
90o
chun
Ct 90o
di
3/8
1/2
3/4
1
11/4
11/2
2
21/2
3
31/2
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0,427
0,487
0,609
0,792
1,006
1,219
1,524
1,829
2,286
2,743
3,048
3,692
4,877
6,096
7,620
9,1144
10,363
11,582
12,800
0,274
0,305
0,427
0,518
0,701
0,792
1,006
1,249
1,524
1,798
2,042
2,500
3,050
3,692
4,877
5,791
7,010
7,925
8,839
Ct
90o
ren
trong
ren
ngoi
0,701
0,762
0,975
1,250
1,707
1,920
2,500
3,048
3,657
4,572
5,182
6,400
7,620
-
Ct
45o
chun
Ct 45o
ren
trong
ren
ngoi
Ct
180o
chun
0,213
0,244
0,274
0,396
0,518
0,640
0,792
0,975
1,220
1,432
1,585
1,981
2,408
3,048
3,962
4,877
5,486
6,096
7,010
0,335
0,396
0,487
0,640
0,914
1,036
1,371
1,585
1,951
2,225
2,591
3,353
3,962
0,701
0,762
0,975
1,250
1,707
1,920
2,500
3,048
3,657
4,572
5,182
6,400
7,620
10,060
12,800
15,240
16,760
18,897
21,336
165
ng
nhnh
0,823
0,914
1,220
1,524
2,133
2,438
3,048
3,657
4,572
5,486
6,400
7,620
9,144
12,190
15,240
18,288
20,726
23,774
25,910
T
ng chnh
d
d gim d gim
khng
25%
50%
i
0,274
0,305
0,427
0,518
0,701
0,792
1,006
1,249
1,524
1,798
2,042
2,500
3,050
3,692
4,877
5,791
7,010
7,925
8,839
0,366
0,427
0,579
0,701
0,945
1,128
1,432
1,707
2,133
2,438
2,743
3,657
4,267
5,486
7,010
7,925
9,144
10,670
12,192
0,427
0,487
0,609
0,792
1,006
1,219
1,524
1,829
2,286
2,743
3,048
3,692
4,877
6,096
7,620
9,1144
10,363
11,582
12,800
20
24
15,240
18,288
10,058
12,192
7,925
9,144
24,690
28,650
30,480
35,050
10,058
12,192
13,411
15,240
15,240
18,288
ng knh
t m, d/D
t thu, d/D
ng ng ni vo thng
in
mm
1/4
1/2
3/4
1/4
1/2
3/4
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3/8 9,525 0,427 0,244 0,092 0,213 0,152 0,0914 0,457 0,244 0,457 0,335
12,7 0,548 0,335 0,122 0,274 0,213 0,122 0,548 0,305 0,548 0,457
1 /2
3 /4 19,05 0,762 0,457 0,152 0,366 0,305 0,152 0,853 0,427 0,853 0,67
25,4 0,975 0,609 0,213 0,487 0,366 0,213 1,127 0,548 1,127 0,823
1
1.1/4 31,75 1,432 0,914 0,305 0,701 0,548 0,305 1,615 0,792 1,615 1,28
1.1/2 38,1 1,768 1,097 0,366 0,884 0,67 0,366 2,012 1,006 2,012 1,524
50,8 2,438 1,463 0,488 1,22 0,914 0,488 2,743 1,341 2,743 2,073
2
2.1/2 63,5 3,05 1,859 0,609 1,524 1,158 0,609 3,657 1,707 3,657 2,651
76,2 3,962 2,438 0,792 1,981 1,493 0,792 4,267 2,194 4,267 3,353
3
3.1/2 88,9 4,572 2,804 0,914 2,347 1,829 0,914 5,181 2,59 5,181 3,962
101,6 5,181 3,353 1,158 2,743 2,072 1,158 6,096 3,048 6,096 4,877
4
127 7,315 4,572 1,524 3,657 2,743 1,524 8,23 4,267 8,23 6,096
5
152,4 8,839 6,705 1,829 4,572 3,353 1,829 10,058 5,791 10,058 7,62
6
4,572 2,591 14,325 7,315 14,325 10,688
7,62 2,591
203,2
8
6,096 3,353 18,288 8,839 18,288 14,02
3,353
9,753
254
10
7,62 3,962 22,25 11,28 22,25 17,37
- 12,496 3,962
304,8
12
4,877 26,21 13,716 26,21 20,117
4,877
355,6
14
5,486 29,26 15,24 29,26 23,47
5,486
406,4
16
6,096 35,05 17,678 35,05 27,43
6,096
457,2
18
43,28 21,336 43,28 32,918
508
20
49,68 25,298 49,68 39,624
609,6
24
Cc trng hp ng ng ni vo thng :
(1) - Nc chuyn ng t ng vo thng v ng ng ni bng mt vi cnh thng.
(2) - Nc chuyn ng t thng ra ng ng v ng ng ni bng mt vi cnh thng.
(3)- Nc chuyn ng t ng vo thng v ng ng ni nh ln khi cnh thng.
(4) - Nc chuyn ng t thng ra ng ng v ng ng ni nh ln khi cnh thng.
166
167
168
LL
(L/s)
1,63
2,17
3,25
4,4
5,4
6,5
8,67
10,1
13,0
17,4
19,5
21,7
27,1
32,4
38,0
43,4
48,5
54,2
65
76
86,7
109
130
152
174
217
m
170
170
170
170
180
180
200
200
270
270
270
270
270
270
350
350
350
590
680
680
720
720
840
840
940
940
Kch thc
h
H
950 1600
1085 1735
990
665
1170 1845
1130 1932
1230 2032
1230 2052
1200 2067
1410 2417
1480 2487
1480 2487
1695 2875
1740 3030
1740 3030
1740 3100
1840 3200
1840 3200
1960 3760
1960 3860
2000 4160
2100 4300
2125 4650
2450 5360
2450 5360
3270 6280
3270 6280
D
930
930
1170
1170
1400
1400
1580
1910
1910
2230
2230
2470
2900
2900
3400
3400
3400
4030
4030
4760
4760
5600
6600
6600
7600
7600
Vo
40
40
50
50
80
80
80
80
100
100
100
125
125
150
150
150
150
200
200
200
200
250
250
250
250
250
Ra
40
40
50
50
80
80
80
80
100
100
100
125
125
150
150
150
150
200
200
200
200
250
250
250
250
250
ng ng
X trn X y
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
15
25
20
25
20
25
20
50
20
50
20
50
20
50
25
50
25
50
25
80
32
80
32
80
32
80
32
100
50
100
50
100
50
100
80
100
80
169
B sung
25
25
25
32
32
32
32
50
50
50
80
80
m3/ph
70
85
140
170
200
230
290
330
420
450
620
680
830
950
1150
1250
1350
1750
2200
2200
2600
2600
3750
3750
5000
5400
Qut
mm
530
630
630
760
760
760
940
940
1200
1200
1200
1500
1500
1500
1960
1960
1960
2400
2400
2400
3000
3000
3400
3400
3700
3700
kW
0,20
0,20
0,37
0,37
0,75
0,75
1,50
1,50
1,50
1,50
2,25
2,25
2,25
2,25
3,75
3,75
3,75
5,50
7,50
7,50
11,0
11,0
15,0
15,0
22,0
22,0
Khi lng
Tinh
C nc
54
185
58
195
70
295
80
305
108
400
114
420
155
500
230
800
285
1100
340
1250
355
1265
510
1850
610
2050
680
2120
760
2600
780
2750
795
2765
1420
2950
1510
3200
1810
3790
2100
4080
2880
7380
3750
9500
3850
9600
5980
14650
6120
14790
n
dB
46,0
50,0
50,5
54,0
55,0
56,0
57,0
57,5
57,0
58,0
59,5
61,0
60,5
61,0
61,5
62,5
62,5
56,5
57,5
61,0
61,0
62,5
66,0
66,0
74,0
74,0
B
THUNG GIAN N
2
C
B M
1
5
0,02
55
1,33
10
0,11
60
1,54
15
0,19
65
1,76
20
0,28
70
2,11
25
0,37
75
2,49
30
0,46
80
2,85
35
0,55
85
3,10
40
0,69
90
3,35
45
0,90
95
3,64
50
1,11
100
4,00
Bnh gin n kiu kn c s dng trong h thng nc nng v nhit cao . Bnh
gin n kiu kn khng m ra kh quyn v vn hnh p sut kh quyn. Bnh cn trang b
van x kh. Bnh gin n kiu kn c lp t trn ng ht ca bm, cho php khi vn
hnh p sut ht ca bm gn nh khng i.
Trong h thng iu ho chng ta t gp bnh gin n kiu kn.
170
7.4 Lp t h thng ng ng nc
Khi lp t h thng ng ng nc cn lu b tr sao cho tr lc trn cc nhnh
ng u nhau, mun vy cn b tr sao cho tng chiu di cc nhnh u nhau.
Trn hnh 7-6 trnh by s ng dn nc lnh cung cp cho cc FCU v AHU .
hnh 7-6a , ta thy chiu di ca cc nhnh ABGHA, ABCFGHA v ABCDEFGHA l
khng u nhau , do tr lc ca cc nhnh khng u nhau. S ny gi l s ng
quay v trc tip. y l s n gin, d lp t v tng chiu di ng ng nh. Tuy
nhin do tr lc khng u nn cn lp t cc van iu chnh iu chnh lng nc cp
cho cc nhnh u nhau.
hnh 7-6b l s ng quay v khng trc tip , trong trng hp ny chiu di
ng i ca cc nhnh n cc FCU v AHU u nhau. Cc FCU (AHU) c ng cp
nc di th ng hi nc ngn v ngc li.
Cn lu khi tr lc ca cc FCU u nhau th nn s dng s khng trc tip.
Nu cc FCU c tr lc khc nhau th v mt kinh t nn chn s loi trc tip , lc
cn s dng cc bin php khc hiu chnh cn thit. Mt trong nhng bin php m
ngi ta hay p dng l s dng van cu trn ng ht.
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