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Analysis and Design of A Multi-Storey Reinforced Concrete
Analysis and Design of A Multi-Storey Reinforced Concrete
Outline
2
Slabs
Flat Slab Design of Flat Slab Rectangular Columns Design of Rectangular Columns
Columns
Shear walls
Foundations
Objectives
3
The Objectives of the Project are: Carrying out a complete analysis and design of the main
structural elements of a multi-storey building including slabs, columns, shear walls and foundations
Getting familiar with structural softwares ( SAFE ,AutoCAD) Getting real life experience with engineering practices
Summary
4
General Approach
5
storey building.
Types of building
6
Apartment buildings are multi-story buildings where three or more residences are contained within one structure. The primary purpose of an office building is to provide a workplace and working environment for administrative workers.
Office building
Residential buildings
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Office buildings
8
Concrete Mixtures
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Concrete is a durable material which is ideal for many jobs. The concrete mix should be workable. It is important that the desired qualities of the hardened concrete
Structural Elements
10
Any reinforced concrete structure consists of : Slabs Columns Shear walls Foundations
Advantages
Disadvantages
Defining properties
13
Slab thickness = 23 cm Concrete compressive strength = 30 MPa Modules of elasticity of concrete = 200 GPa Yielding strength of steel = 420 MPa Combination of loads (1.4Dead Load + 1.6 Live Load)
ACI 318-02
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combinations of the prescribed load cases for which the structure needs to be checked. 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
Shear forces.
Bending moment. Deflected shape. Reactions at supports.
15
16
17
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Columns
It is a vertical structural member supporting axial
compressive loads, with or with-out moments. Support vertical loads from the floors and roof and transmit these loads to the foundation.
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Types of column
Tied Columns Over 95% of all columns in building in non-seismic regions are tied columns Spiral Columns Spiral columns are generally circular. It makes the column more ductile.
Spiral column Rectangular column
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The limiting steel ratio ranges between 1 % to 8 %. The concrete strength is between 25 MPa to 45 Mpa. Reinforcing steel strength is between 400 MPa to 500 Mpa.
Design procedure
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1. Calculate factored axial load Pu 2. Select reinforcement ratio 3. Concrete strength = 30 MPa, steel yield strength = 420 MPa 4. Calculate gross area 5. Calculate area of column reinforcement, As, and select rebar number and size.
Columns to be designed
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Long Reinforcement Min. bar diameter 12 Min. concrete covers 40 mm Min. 4 bars in case of tied rectangular or circular Maximum distance between bars = 250 mm Short Reinforcement ( Stirrups)
Least
of:
Asp
Column Design
25
As 0.01 Ac
8- # of bars =
Reinforcement of Columns
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Shear walls
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lateral wind loads which acts parallel to the plane of the wall.
Shear walls
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Wind results in a pressure on the surface of the building Pressure increases with height Positive Pressure, acts towards the surface of the building Negative Pressure, acts away from the surface of the building (suction)
Wind pressure
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q = Velocity pressure
G =0.85
Depending on the L/B Ratio L/B = 18.84 m /26.18 m = 0.719 < 1 then , Cp = -0.5
Velocity Pressure
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V = 160 km/h
Important factor
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1 0.85
145 9.5 274.32 1 0.85 1 G Cp (windward) Cp (leeward) B (m) 0.85 0.8 -0.5 26.18
145 km/h
Level 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Tributary Height (ht ) 1.75 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4
Kz 1.36 1.34 1.31 1.28 1.25 1.22 1.18 1.14 1.09 1.03 0.95 0.85
qz (kn/m2) 1.150225 1.129849 1.107994 1.084391 1.058688 1.030406 0.998873 0.963092 0.921495 0.871364 0.807270 0.715176
Level
Tributary Height (ht ) m 1.75 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4
Design Wind Pressure(KN/m^2) Kz qz (kn/m2) wind ward (qz G CP) 0.782153 0.768297 0.753436 0.737386 0.719908 0.700676 0.679233 0.654903 0.626617 0.592527 0.548944 0.486320 lee ward (qb G CP) -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846 -0.488846
Design Wind Force (KN) lee ward wind ward Total (qb G (qz G CP)(B)(ht ) (floor level) CP)(B)(ht ) 35.834345 70.399094 69.037332 67.566683 65.965161 64.202965 62.238149 60.008720 57.416871 54.293292 50.299721 50.927427 -22.396465 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -44.792931 -51.191921 sum 58.230810 115.192025 113.830262 112.359614 110.758092 108.995896 107.031079 104.801650 102.209802 99.086222 95.092651 102.119348
Moment (KN.m) 2503.924826 4550.084972 4097.889443 3651.687445 3211.984664 2779.395349 2354.683748 1938.830531 1533.147032 1139.491559 760.7412106 459.5370657
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1.36 1.34 1.31 1.28 1.25 1.22 1.18 1.14 1.09 1.03 0.95 0.85
1.150225 1.129849 1.107994 1.084391 1.058688 1.030406 0.998873 0.963092 0.921495 0.871364 0.807270 0.715176
1229.707452 28981.39785
B= 18.84
L= 26.18
Tributary Height (ht ) m 1.75 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 Design Wind Pressure(KN/m^2) Design Wind Force (KN) wind ward lee ward wind ward lee ward Total (qz G CP) (qb G CP) (qz G CP)(B)(ht ) (qb G CP)(B)(ht ) (floor level) 0.7821531 0.7682974 0.7534359 0.7373860 0.7199079 -0.48885 -0.48885 -0.48885 -0.48885 -0.48885 25.7875879 50.6615328 49.6815633 48.6232356 47.4707271 -16.1172424 -32.2344849 -32.2344849 -32.2344849 -32.2344849 41.9048304 82.8960177 81.9160482 80.8577205 79.7052120
Level 12 11 10 9 8
7
6
25.5
22
3.5
3.5
1.22
1.18
1.030406
0.998873
0.7006763
0.6792333
-0.48885
-0.48885
46.2025923
44.7886449
-32.2344849
-32.2344849
78.4370772
77.0231298
2000.145469
1694.508855
5
4 3 2
18.5
15 11.5 8
3.5
3.5 3.5 3.5
1.14
1.09 1.03 0.95
0.963092
0.921495 0.871364 0.807270
0.6549025
0.6266165 0.5925275 0.5489438
-0.48885
-0.48885 -0.48885 -0.48885
43.1842734
41.3190931 39.0712612 36.1973543
-32.2344849
-32.2344849 -32.2344849 -32.2344849
75.4187583
73.5535780 71.3057461 68.4318392
1395.247028
1103.30367 820.0160796 547.4547138
4.5
0.85
0.715176
0.4863200
-0.48885
36.6490728
-36.8394113 sum
73.4884841
884.9384415
330.6981787
20855.9791983
Interaction Diagram
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Foundations
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Pile foundation
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cant resist the loads coming from our proposed building, so we have to choose pile foundation.
Weak soil
Bearing stratum
Pile foundation
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concrete or timber.
Function of piles
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foundation is:
To transmit a foundation load to a solid ground To resist vertical, lateral and uplift load
Piles can be
Concrete piles
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General facts
Usual length: 10m-20m Usual load: 300kN-3000kN
Advantages
Corrosion resistance Can be easily combined with a concrete superstructure
Disadvantages
Difficult to achieve proper cutoff Difficult to transport
Pile foundation
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of bedrock at the site within a reasonable depth, piles can be extended to the rock surface
2.
Friction Piles
When no layer of rock is present depth at a site, point bearing piles become very long and uneconomical. In this type of subsoil, piles are driven through the softer material to specified depths.
Pile caps carrying very heavy point loads tend to produce high
Resistance to tensile bending forces in the bottom of the cap Resistance to vertical shear
Rs = Cu As .L
Length of pile penetration L = 18 meters Adhesion factor of soil (clay) = 0.8 Untrained shear strength Cu = 50 Diameter = 0.9 m For piles with diameter 0.9 m Rs = 2035.75 KN
First type
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only vertical load, and the equation used to determine the resistance of cap is
Qi Pi n
Where
P Q n is the strength of the pile cap per one pile is the total force acting on the pile cap is the number of piles used to support the pile cap
Column
Reaction
Total Reaction
kN
1 2 8 10 21 23 24 25 30 32 129.63 246.85 382.66 393.38 458.35 400.85 627.74 384.14 158.3 355.26
kN 1555.56 2962.2
4591.92 4720.56 5500.2 4810.2 7532.88 4609.68 1899.6 4263.12
Reaction = 4610.4 kN Pile diameter = 0.9 m Capacity for one pile = 0.8 * 50 * 18 * * 0.9 = 2035.75 KN Need 3 piles Length between piles = (2*0.3) + (3*0.9) + (2*0.9)*2 =6.9 m Width = 1.5 meters Q Actual forces on each pile = Pi i = 1536.8 kN
n
Second type
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Second type
This section shows how pile caps are designed to carry
vertical load and lateral loads ( Bending Moment), and the equation used to determine the resistance of cap is
Qi M i r Pi 2 n r
wall W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6
W10
W11 W13 W14 W15 W16 W17 W18
10141.2
2402.52 20978.4 3297.6 2040 5470.2 7262.76 8571.48
32.80882
32.80882 6700.246 6700.246 262.4706 262.4706 7903.641 7086.706
P P
Q Mr n r2
12285.6 14072.11561* (1.909) So, PCapacity of Pile 2035.75 KN 8 24.6762 12285.6 14072.11561* (4.26) P So, PCapacity of Pile 2035.75 KN 8 24.6762
Economical impact
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solution in the UAE. the most affordable solution for multistory building such as the one we are making the analysis and design for.
Environmental impact
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Gantt Chart
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Conclusion
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project We are able to use structural software ( SAFE ) We have practiced real life engineering practices This GP enables us to go into the market with an excellent background regarding design of RC At this point, we would like to thank all instructors, engineers, and Al Ain Consultant Office for their grateful effort.
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