Natural gas combustion reaction CH4+ 2 O2 -> CO2 + 2 H2O + energy

* natural gas mostly contain Methane 1 Kg CH4 = 0.063 Kmol = = 0.063 Kmol of CO2 2.75 Kg of CO2

Hence combustion of 1 Kg CH4 will give

LPG combustion reaction C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O C4H10 + 5O2 -> 2CO2 + 5H2O + CO + C
* LPG contains 60% Propane and 4o % Butane 1 Kg C3H8 = 0.023 Kmol = = 0.068 Kmol of CO2 3 Kg of CO2

Hence combustion of 1 Kg C3H8 will give

1 Kg C4H10

0.017 Kmol = = = = 0.034 Kmol of CO2 1.517 Kg of CO2 2.407 Kg of CO2 0.483 Kg of CO

Hence combustion of 1 Kg C4H10 will give

Hence combustion of 1 Kg LPG will give Hence combustion of 1 Kg LPG will give

Steam Kg/Hr Q,Kcal/Kg Calorific value,Kcal/Kg 10000 8000 11800 4000 3.15 Kg CO2 2.8 Kg CO2 2.42 Kg CO2 1.7 Kg CO2

550 367400 ConsumptionK g/Hr 36.74 45.925 31.136 91.85 Fuel cost, Rs/kg 35 Steam generation cost/Hr 1285.9

Fuel

CO2/Hr

CO2/day

FO Natural gas LPG Bagasse 1 Kg FO 1 Kg Natural gas 1 Kg LPG 1 Kg Bagasse

115.73 128.59 75.35 156.15

2777.54 3086.16 1808.36 3747.48

459.25

* LPG gives less CO2 emission per Kg of steam * Bagasse is more cost effective

CO2 emission calculation Carbon content in furnace oil (%)

86

C + O2 -> CO2
1 mole of 'C' gives 1 mole of 'CO2' from above reaction 1 Kg 'C' gives = 3.67 Kg 'CO2' 19625 Lit. 18918.5 Kg 16270 Kg =

Monthly FO consumption Kg of 'C' in FO CO2 emission =

59711 Kg

* Above calculation is based on 100 % combustion of FO