CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICES

TITLE : LAB REPORT OF SERIES AND PARALLEL PUMPS EXPERIMENT

STUDENT NAME : Sukesh A/L Sounda a Pand!an STUDENT ID NO : SCM"##$%$ DATE OF SUBMISSION : &' (ANUAR) &#*# LECTURER NAME: MR+ (ason

Abstract
Pump is a used to transfer mechanical energy from a prime mover into fluid energy to produce the flow of liquids. This report describes an experiment to demonstrate the basic operation and characteristics of centrifugal pumps. It is also done to differentiate the flow rate and pressure head of a single pump and two identical pumps that is run in series or parallel.

Introduction
The objective the experiment is to determine the flow rates and pressure head of a single pump and of two identical pumps. In this experiment, centrifugal pumps have been used to determine the flow rates and the pressure head. This experiment is conducted in series and parallel to identify the pressure different in both pumps. Centrifugal pump is nown as one of the most widely used pumps for transferring liquids. It!s also nown as a device to transfer mechanical energy from a prime mover into fluid energy to produce the flow of liquids. The pump is connected in " ways# in series and another as parallel pump. Centrifugal pump are connected in parallel because to provide enough flow rates compare to centrifugal pump that connected in series, the function is to provide enough head for the flow of liquids.

Experimental Methods General start-up procedures:

$efore any experiment is done, a chec procedure is done to avoid any malfunction and misused of apparatus %. The circulation tan is filled with water until the end of the pipe output is submerge with the water ". The valve & is partially opened '. The main power supply is switched on (. The valve position is chec ed for the appropriate pump Pump )peration ,ingle ,erial *unning Pump Pump % ,P% $oth Pump,P% P" Parallel $oth Pump,P% P" %,",( ' )pen +alve %,( %,' Close +alve ",' ",(

&. The pump is turned on and valve& is slowly opened until maximum flowrate is achieved )*I./T0TI)/ ,ingle ,eries Parallel 1I/I121 34)5 *0T.64P17 "9 "9 (9 108I121 34)5 *0T.64P17 :9 :9 %;9

Experiment 1: Single Pump Operation

3ully Close +alve "-' 3ully )pen +alve %-( +ariable Parameter +alve & Pump )n Pump %

%. $efore the experiment been proceeding, valve " and ' has been closed fully, valve % and ( has been opened fully, and pump % has been on ". 0ll the settings is followed as how the equipment is set up '. +alve & is slowly opened until a flow rate of "9 4P1 is achieved (. The pressure reading in the pressure indicator is recorded. The flow rate and pressured value is recorded when stable condition is achieved.

&. The experiment is repeated with the flow rate being increased at an interval of %9 4P1 until :9 4P1 is achieved.

Experiment 2: Series Pump Operation

ull! "lose #al$e 2%& ull! Open #al$e 1%' #ariable Parameter #al$e ( Pump On )oth pump

%. $efore the experiment been proceeding, valve " and ( has been closed fully, valve % and ' has been opened fully, and both pump has been on. ". 0ll the settings is followed as how the equipment is set up '. +alve & is slowly opened until a flow rate of "9 4P1 is achieved (. The pressure reading in the pressure indicator is recorded. The flow rate and pressured value is recorded when stable condition is achieved. &. The experiment is repeated with the flow rate being increased at an interval of %9 4P1 until :9 4P1 is achieved.

Experiment ': Parallel Pump Operation

ull! "lose #al$e ' %. ". '. (. &. #ariable Pump On Parameter 1%2 * & #al$e ( )oth pump $efore the experiment been proceeding, valve ' has been closed fully, valve %, " and ' has been opened fully, and both pumps have been on. 0ll the settings is followed as how the equipment is set up +alve & is slowly opened until a flow rate of (9 4P1 is achieved The pressure reading in the pressure indicator is recorded. The flow rate and pressured value is recorded when stable condition is achieved. The experiment is repeated with the flow rate being increased at an interval of "9 4P1 until %;9 4P1 is achieved. ull! Open #al$e

igure 1+, : "entri-ugal Pump

.ata and anal!sis

The specific result from this experiment allows us to determine the best type of pump setup to use. .ither single series or parallel. .xperimental results<

Experiment 1: Single Pump Operation Pressure =auge % Pressure =auge " *otameter 63I%7 6P=%7 6P="7 " 4P1 gf?cm gf?cm" 2, 1+,/ '+1' ', 1+,/ '+,0 &, 1+,/ '+,2 (, 1+,( 2+1& /, 1+,( 2+2/ 0, 1+,& 2+00 2, 1+,' 2+/1 1, 1+,2 2+(0 Experiment 2: Series Pump Operation *otameter 63I%7 Pressure =auge % 6P=%7 Pressure =auge ' 6P='7 Pressure =auge ( 6P=(7

Pressure >ifference gf?cm" 2+,0 2+,1 1+1/ 1+21 1+21 1+0' 1+// 1+((

Pressure >ifference 6P=(@P=%7

4P1 2, ', &, (, /, 0, 2, 1,

gf?cm" 1+,/ 1+,/ 1+,( 1+,( 1+,& 1+,' 1+,2 1+,,

gf?cm" '+11 '+,& 2+12 2+1, 2+21 2+0& 2+(( 2+(&

gf?cm" (+1, &+12 &+2( &+/1 &+(& &+'1 &+2' &+,2

gf?cm" &+,& '+12 '+2, '+/& '+(, '+'/ '+21 '+,2 Pressure >ifference 6P=(@ P=%7 gf?cm" 2 1+1( 1+1 1+2' 1+0/ 1+/0 1+/1 1+(/

Experiment 3: Parallel Pump Operation *otameter Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure >ifference =auge % =auge " =auge ( 63I%7 6P="@ 6P=%7 6P="7 6P=(7 P=%7 " " " 4P1 gf?cm gf?cm gf?cm gf?cm" &, 1+,( '+,2 '+,( 2+,' /, 1+,( '+,' '+,, 1+12 2, 1+,( 2+12 2+1( 1+1' 1,, 1+,& 2+12 2+20 1+22 12, 1+,' 2+22 2+01 1+01 1&, 1+,' 2+0' 2+0, 1+0 1/, 1+,2 2+/& 2+/1 1+/2 12, 1+,, 2+(/ 2+(1 1+(/

Graph

Single Pump Operation

Pressure Difference kgf/cm2 2+5 2 1+5 Se !es1 1 0+5 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Flowrate LPM

Series Operational pump

Pressure Difference (PG4-PG1 kgf/cm! .+, . -+, &+, & *+, * #+, # &# -# .# ,# %# /# '# $# Flowrate LPM Se !es*

Parallel Pump operation

Pressure Difference kgf/cm 2 2+5 2 1+5 1 0+5 0 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Flowrate LPM PG2"PG1 PG4"PG1

.iscussion
In this experiment ' different types of pumps were being used. The types of pumps that were used is the single operation pump, series operation pump and parallel operation pump. >uring the experiment the pressure the pressure value is constantly recorded to identify the different pressure value and to illustrate the pressure difference against flow rate in the form of a graph for single operation pump, series operation pump and parallel operation pump. $ased on the graph plotted it can be seen that when the flow rate

increases the pressure of the pump decreases for all types of pump operation and the curve for series operation pump is much higher compared to the single operation pump and parallel operation pump.

"onclusion
$ased on this experiment and the results obtained it can be concluded that pump in series operation is better a better pump when it is compared to a single operation pump or pump in parallel operation. It is also suitable for any industry