Short forms (Formas cortas)

En ingls, el uso de las formas cortas es muy comn, en particular se utilizan en el lenguaje coloquial y en situaciones informales. Los verbos en el presente que tienen formas cortas son "to be" (ser estar! y "to have" "have got" (tener!. "To do" (forma au"iliar! tiene una forma corta, pero s#lo en el negativo. To be $firmativo ' am (ou are )e is *+e is 't is ,e are -+ey are %orma corta I'm You're He's She's It's We're They're Ejemplos. '/m +appy. (Estoy contento.! (ou/re tall. (Eres alto.! *+e/s pretty. (Es guapa.! 't/s 01.11. (*on las 01+.! )e/s not +ere. )e isn/t +ere. (&o est2 aqui.! -+ey/re not *panis+. -+ey aren/t *panis+. (&o son espa3oles.! To have/have got $firmativo ' +ave (ou +ave )e +as *+e +as 't +as ,e +ave %orma corta I've You've He's She's It's We've &egativo ' +ave not (ou +ave not )e +as not *+e +as not 't +as not ,e +ave not %orma corta I've not ' haven't You've not (ou haven't He's not )e hasn't She's not *+e hasn't It's not 't hasn't We've not ,e haven't &egativo ' am not (ou are not )e is not *+e is not 't is not ,e are not -+ey are not %orma corta I'm not You're not (ou aren't He's not )e isn't She's not *+e isn't It's not 't isn't We're not ,e aren't They're not -+ey aren't

-+ey +ave

They've Ejemplos.

-+ey +ave not

They've not -+ey haven't

'/ve got a car.(-engo un coc+e.! (ou/ve got blue eyes. (-ienes ojos azules.! )e/s got big feet. (-iene pies grandes.! 't/s 4t+e cat5 not got a +ome. 't +asn/t got a +ome. (&o tiene casa.! -+ey/ve not got c+ildren. -+ey +aven/t got c+ildren. (&o tienen +ijos.! ota! 6ara "have got" solemos usar la forma corta en el presente en vez de la forma larga. &o usamos la forma corta de "to have" para indicar posesi#n. 7eremos ejemplos del uso de la forma corta de "to have" en la lecci#n del presente perfecto. To do &egativo ' do not (ou do not )e does not *+e does not 't does not ,e do not -+ey do not %orma corta ' don't (ou don't )e doesn't *+e doesn't 't doesn't ,e don't -+ey don't Ejemplos. ' don/t 8no9.(&o s.! *+e doesn/t li8e ice cream. (&o le gusta el +elado.! 't doesn/t sno9 +ere. (&o nieva aqu:.! ,e don/t +ave c+ildren.(&o tenemos +ijos.! ota! )ay m2s informaci#n sobre el uso del au"iliar en las lecciones sobre construir frases y los verbos $dem2s de los pronombres personales, podemos usar formas cortas con pronombres 6ara indicar posesi#n, no podemos decir. '/ve car. )e/s blue eyes.

interrogativos y las palabras "here" (aqu:!, "there" (all:! y "that" (eso!. Ejemplos. ,+ere/s t+e concert; (<=#nde es el concierto;! ,+o/s t+at; (<>uin es;! )o9/s your fat+er; (<?#mo est2 tu padre;! )ere/s t+e boo8. ($qu: est2 el libro.! -+at/s mine. (Eso es m:o.! %orma larga ,+at is ,+o is ,+en is ,+ere is )o9 is )ere is -+ere is -+at is %orma corta What's Who's When's Where's Ho"'s Here's There's That's ota! E"isten m2s formas cortas con otros tiempos verbales. Las veremos en las lecciones correspondientes.