CCH TNH NHM CHIA SUBNET CC

NHANH
PHNG PHP CHIA SUBNET BNG CCH M LNG
NGN TAY
Khi tnh ton IP, chia subnet th chng ta thng p dng cng thc tnh ton.
Cng thc tnh l 2^n v 2^h - 2 ( 2^m -2 ),
- tnh tng s subnet c c sau khi chia ta dng cng thc 2^n, trong n l s bit mn
chia subnet trong octet (mn lm network id).
- tnh tng s host/subnet ta dng cng thc 2^h-2, trong h l tng s bit cn li dng lm
host sau khi mn . Ta phi tr 2 v cn b a ch subnet id v broadcast.
Ni s s qua cch tnh truyn thng nh vy thi, gi chng ta tm hiu cch nhm nhanh bng
cch m lng tay nh!
PHNG PHP CHIA SUBNET BNG CCH M LNG NGN TAY
u tin cc bn xe bn tay tri ra v m theo hnh:

m theo s mu en nh!
Cc bn bn tay chng ta c tt c 14 lng tay, mi lng tay tng trng cho 1 bit nh! ^^
m 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384.
m i m li cho thuc i nh cc bn.
- tnh tng s lng Subnet id c c sau khi chia, ta m s bit mn lm subnet id trong
octet l ra. Mn 3 bit th m 2 4 8, mn 4 bit th m 2 4 8 16, gi tr ca bit m sau cng
chnh l tng s subnet id sau khi c chia ra.
V d: 10.10.0.0 /13 ---> mn 5 bit ---> m 2 4 8 16 32. Vy mng ny c 32 subnet.
- tnh bc nhy trong mi subnet id. Ta m s bit cn li dng lm host trong ring octet
. Gi tr ca bit c m sau cng cng l gi tr ca bc nhy trong octet .
V d: 172.35.0.0/19. Tc l a ch lp B s mn 3 bit octet th 3 lm subnet id. Dng
phng php m ta c 2 4 8, 3 bit mn ri, vy tng s subnet id l 8. Ta bit trong octet
th 3 sau khi cho mn 3 bit lm net id th cn li 5 bit lm host, vy ta m 2 4 8 16 32, 5 bit
ri, gi tr l 32, v cng chnh l bc nhy ca subnet id., th xem no:
-172.35.0.0/19
-172.35.32.0/19
-172.35.64.0/19
-172.35.96.0/19
-172.35.128.0/19
-172.35.160.0/19
-172.35.192.0/19
-172.35.224.0/19
Ta c tng cng 8 subnet id, vi bc nhy l 32.
- tnh a ch broadcast ca mt subnet id ta ly subnet id k tip gim 1. V d, tnh
broadcast ca subnet id 172.35.64.0/19, ta ly subnet id k tip l 172.35.96.0/19 gim 1 ==
172.35.95.255/19 y chnh l broadcast ca subnet id 172.35.64.0
- tnh s host trong mt subnet, ta m ton b s bit host cn li trong subnet v ly gi tr
bit sau cng -2, Lu l khng phn bit octet. Nhc li, ta ly gi tr ca bit c m sau
cng - 2 ta c s host trong subnet id c th xi.
Trong v d subnet 172.35.64.0/19, ta nhn bit ton b s bit dng lm host cn li l 13. Ta
m 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192, 13 bit ri, ok, s host trong mng s
l 8192 -2 = 8190. V sao -2, v ta phi tr b a ch subnet id v broadcast. Hay n gin hn
c th nhn thy l s host c th xi c trong dy:
172.35.64.1/19 ----> 172.35.95.254/19
V ng thi n cng lt gia 2 subnet id v broadcast.

Lu : Phng php m t 2 khng c dng tnh tng s gi tr ca 1 octet chy t 0>255. Hay ni cch khc l khng c dng tnh tng gi tr ca 1 dy bit nh 10101101.
tnh tng s gi tr ca dy trn ta phi m t 1, cng cc gi tr c bit 1 vi nhau.
Ngoi ra, yu cu cc bn cn nh v thuc:
1xxxxxxx =128
11xxxxxx =192
111xxxxx =224
1111xxxx =240
11111xxx =248
111111xx =252
1111111x =254
11111111 =255
v
2^0 = 1
2^1 = 2
2^2 = 4
2^3 = 8
2^4 = 16
2^5 = 32
2^6 = 64
2^7 = 128
2^8 = 256
Cc bn cng c th dng bn tay phi ghi nh cc gi tr trn , dng nhm nhanh subnet
mask ca mng.

Mn 1 bit : 128
Mn 2 bit : 192
Mn 3 bit : 224
Mn 4 bit : 240
Mn 5 bit : 248
Mn 6 bit : 252
Mn 7 bit : 254
Mn 8 bit : 255
V d : 10.10.0.0 /13 --mn 5 bit ---> S/M: 255.248.0.0
155.55.3.32 /28 -- mn 12 bit = 8 +4 ----> S/M: 255.255.255.240
Nu cc bn nhun nhuyn cch tnh ny, ti tin rng cc bn s tnh ton, chia subnet rt
nhanh!!
( Bi vit c tham kho ni dung ca gh0st0nline.)
CHNH THC CHUYN BLOG V HTTP://BLOG.BANBEIT.COM

Tt c cc ti liu ti cung cp u c
Password: www.lecuong.info

CHNH THC CHUYN BLOG V HTTP://BLOG.BANBEIT.COM