The Chinese Revolution

A series of political upheavals between 1911-1949 that ended the dynasties and led to communist rule. Standard: 3.1.b Internet Resources http://www.tiscali.co.u /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m!!!"#!3.html: Story of $hinese %evolution &'uic 1 (a)e Summary* http://www.aasianst.or)/+AA/1!-3-supplemental.htm: ,andouts with primary %esources from $ultural %evolution http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/china/modern/lon)-stu.htm: .ocus on /ao 0edon) People 1. /ao 0edon) 1. Sun 2et-sen 3. 'uin) +mperors 4. %ed 3uard ". 4ationalist (arty Causes 1. $ontrol of $hina by other countries 1. 5nfair treatment of peasants 3. 2oun) people6s desire to moderni7e $hina Immediate Effects 1. +nd of 8ynasties in $hina 1. $ulture of .ear in $hina caused by %ed 3uard 3. .ailin) +conomy because the %ed 3uard put so many wor ers out of wor . 4. 8estruction of Schools in pursuit of stampin) out any reminder of the past. Long Lasting Effects on the Modern World 1. 9ar)e amount of uneducated wor ers due to the destruction of education- they play into many countries6 economies today. 1. 8estroyed their art and anythin) that symboli7ed the old world- we don6t have it today 3. $urrent tensions between $hina and :ibet Maps http://unimaps.com/china1911/inde;.html http://users.erols.com/mwhite1</chin-rev.htm Summary $hina had been under a 'in) &$hin)* +mperor since the mid-1#!!6s when in the 19!!6s little parts of $hina were bein) ta en over by outside countries. :he youn) people of $hina at the time were very upset with this and the emperor for not stoppin) it. :his unrest led to the development of the (eople6s 4ationalist (arty= led by Sun 2at-sen. >n

1911 the (eople6s 4ationalist (arty forced the emperor out and created a republican )overnment. :he (eople6s 4ationalist party was unable to unite $hina or force out the various countries that were claimin) land there. ?hen Sun 2at-sen died $hian) @ai-she too his place and built up the nationalist army. ?ith his army he reclaimed $hinese land from other countries. :hen the 4ationalist (arty split formin) a $ommunist party who believed that the peasants should have a say in the )overnment. $hian) @ai-she disa)reed with this and sided with the wealthy farmers. ,e then forced all the communists into a small area in southern $hina. :he e;iled $ommunist started an e;odus to 2an6an in 4orthwestern $hina. :his #=!!!mile tre is nown as the 9on) /arch= and only <=!!! of the 1!!=!! communists survived. 8urin) the 9on) /arch 4ationalists attac ed and the $ommunists found a leader= /ao 0edon). /ao and the $ommunists claimed the 4orthwest lowerin) ta;es and )ivin) the peasants more power. As more and more $hinese heard of /ao6s chan)es they Aoined the communists. +ventually a communist army put to)ether by /ao drove $hian) @ai-she and the 4ationalists out of $hina and into :aiwan. /ao now started ma in) chan)es all over $hina. +conomically he set up "-year plans that focused on ma in) farmin) communes and )rowin) industry. ,e also appointed fellow communist believers to important )overnment positions. Around 19## /ao decided that not enou)h people were supportin) his )overnment= so he decided that the country needed a $ultural %evolution. ,e )ot colle)e students and youn) people involved in destroyin) the past. :he tore down architecture that was representative of the past. :he destroyed art and boo s from the days of the emperors. /ao also put to)ether the red )uard which Buestioned people about the alle)iance to the communists and even Aailed or e;ecuted individuals who they thou)ht were not )ood communists. ,owever in 19#< /ao put a stop to the $ultural %evolution feelin) it had )one too far.