X STD Science FINAL-1 Oc

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mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; Fiwe;j kjpg; ngz;fs; ngWk; khzth;fis
milahsk; fz;LNjh;r;rpf; Fhpa kjpg;ngz;fis ngw itg;gjw;fhf
gpuj;Nafkhf jahhpf; fg;gl;l ,f; ifNal;bd; Fwpf; Nfhs;fs;
mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; gpd; jq;fpAs;s khzth;fSk; RygkhfTk;
kfpo;r;rpahfTk; mwptpay; ghlk; fw;fyhk; vd fz;Lnfhs;sr; nra;jy;.
muR nghJj;Njh;T tpdhj;jhs; tbtikg;ig(Blue Print)ed;F
mwpe;J Fwpg;gpl;l ghlg;;gFjpfis kl;Lk; gapw;rp mspj;J jpUk;g
jpUk;g vOj itg;gjd; %yk; Njh;r; rpf;Fhpa kjpg;ngz;fis
ngwr;nra;aKbAk; vd;gij czh;j;Jjy;
1 kjpg;ngz;> 2 kjpg;ngz;> 5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fis ,dk; fz;L
chpagapw;rpmspf;Fk;topfisr;Rl;b fhl;Ljy;.
glk; tiujy;>ghfq;fis Fwpj;jy;>kw;Wk; fzf; fPLfis jPh;g;gjd;
%yk; mjpf kjpf; ngz;fis ngwr;nra;jy;.



10-k; tFg;G
mwptpay; fl;lfk;
10-k; tFg;G gbf;Fk; midj;J khzt khztpfSk;mwptpay; ghlj;jpy; ntw; wp
ngw gaDs;s Nfs;tpfs; midj;J ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Mtw;iw ed;F jahh; nra;jhy;
ntw;wp cWjp
Fwpg;G:
mwptpay; ghlk; nra;Kiwj;Njh;it cs; slf;fpaJ.10-Mk;
tFg;gpw;fhd nra;Kiwg; gapw;rpfs; kpf vspikahf
mike;Js;sd. ,tw; iw ed;F jahh; nra;J nra;Kiwj;
Njh;ited;F vOjpdhy; 25 kjpg;ngz; vspjpy; ngw; W
tplyhk;.
Blue Print-d; gb xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fNs mjpf
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wd.. Part-II(2 kjpg;ngz; fs;). Part- III(5
kjpg;ngz;fs;; ).Mfpatw;wpy; $l xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wd.
Part-II(2 kjpg;ngz;fs;) tpdhf;fSf;F midj;J
ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; FWtpdhf;fspd; ghFg;ghL (Blue Print)
mbg;gilapy; khjphtpdhf;fs; kl;LNk nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
Mrphpah;fs; ,k;khjphp tpdhf;fspd; mbg;gilapy; NkYk;
tpdhf;fis jahh; nra;J khzth;fSf;F gapw;Wtpf;fyhk;.
Part-III(5 kjpg;ngz;fs;) tphpthd tpdhf;fs; midj;Jk;
2 my;yJ
3 gphpTfshfNt nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. (Blue Print) vdNt
Part-


III((5 kjpg;ngz;fs;) tpdhf;fSf;Fk; khjphp tpdhf;fs;
fl;lfj;jpy;
nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sd.Mrphpah;fs; NkYk; tpdhf;fs; toq;fp
gapw;Wtpf;fyhk;.
5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; ehd;F gphpTfspy; Nfl;fg;gl
cs; sd.
gphpT-m ---tpyq;fpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 1>2
gphpT-M ---jhtutpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 4>7
gphpT-, ---Ntjpapay;-------- ghlq;fs; 10>13
gphpT-< ---,aw;gpay;-------- ghlq;fs; 15>17
xt; nthU gphptpYk; Nfl;fg;gLk; 2 tpdhf;fspy; XU
tpdhtpw;F
tpil vOj Ntz;Lk; .
Mrphpah;fs; gpd;jq;fpa khzth;fis 1>7>10>15 Mfpa
ghlq;fspy
; cs; s gapw;rp tpdhf;fs; kw;Wk; ghlg;gFjpapd; cs; Ns vOk;
kw;w
tpdhf;fSf;Fk; ed;F jahh; nra;jhNy mjpf kjpg;ngz;fis
Rygkhf ngwr; nra;ayhk;.kw;w ghlq;fshd 2>4>13>17 Mfpa
ghlq;fspy; cs; s gapw;rp tpdhf;fs; kl;Lk; jahh; nra;jy;
kpFe;j
gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;.
glq;fs; tiutjw;Fk;> mtw;wpd; ghfq;fisf;
Fwpg;gjw;Fk; ed;F gapw;rp mspg;gjd; %yk; mjpf
kjpg;ngz;fis ngwr;nra;ayhk;.



caphpay;
gphpT I
kuGk; ghpzkhKk;
xU kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;;
1.nkz;ly; Njhl; lg; gl;lhzp (igrk; rl; iltk;) nrbapy; 7 tifahd
khw;W cUt NtWghLfis fz;lwpe; jhh; . fPo;fz;ltw;wpy; xU tif
NtWghL khwp cs;sJ. Vjntdf;; fz;Lgpb.
jz;bd; cauk;. nel;il Fl;il / tpij epwk;; kQ;rs;, gr;ir/
kyhpd; miktplk; Edp mr;R / jz;L mikg;G nkd;ikahdJ
fbdkhdJ.
tpil : jz;L mikg;G nkd;ikahdJ. fbdkhdJ
2. Mjp kdpjd; Njhd;wpaJ tpil : Mg;gphpf;fh
3. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ghuk;ghpaj; jd; ikf; nfhz;lJ
tpil : kugZ khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;l tpe;jZ
4. ,aw;ifj; Njh; T Nfhl;ghl; il ntspapl;lth; ...................
tpil : rhh;y]; lhh;tpd;
5. clw;nry; [P d; rpfpr; ir Kiw vd;gJ ...............
tpil : clw;nry;ypy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
6. gz;G flj; jypy; gq;F ngWk; kuGg; nghUs; .............. tpil : DNA
7. ghuk;ghpa flj;Jjiy Kjd;Kjyhf ntspapl;lth; ..............
tpil : fphpfh; N[hfd; nkz;ly;


8. xU gz;gpd; ,U NtWgl;l gz;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;s [Pd; mikg;Gj;
jd;ik.................. tpil : my;yPy;fs;
9. caphpj; njhopy;El;g Kiwapy; ngwg;gLk; itl;lkpd; B12
Fzg;gLj;Jk; Neha; tpil : ngh;dP~pa]; ,uj;j Nrhif.
10. clYWg;Gg; gad;ghL gw;wpa tpjpia tpsf;fpath; tpil : yhkhh; f;
11. cly; %yr; nry;fs; vtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ngwg;gLfpwJ?
tpil : vYk;G k[;i[
12. itu];fSf;F vjpuhd Gujk; tpil : ,d;lh;nguhd;
13. iel;u[d; epiyepWj;jg; gad;gLtJ. tpil : ep/g; [Pd;
14. b.vd;.V.tpd; ntl;lg;gl;l Jz;lq;fis xl;l itf;fg; gad;gLk;
%yf;$W gir tpil : DNA ypNf];
15. tpdpfh; cw;gj;jp nra;ag; gad;gLk; mkpyk; tpil : mrpl;bf; mkpyk;
.
16. ........ ypg;gpLfspypUe;J ngw;g;gl;litfshFk;. tpil : ];buha;Lfs;
17. Gw; W Neha;f;F vjpuhf gad;gLk; Xhpdr; nry; vjph;g; G nghUs;
tpil : khNdh FNshdpay; vjph;g;Gg; nghUs;.
18. ,d;Rypid cw;gj; jp nra;Ak; nry;fs; ............ tpil : gPl;lh nry;fs;.
19. ,uj;j FSf;Nfh]; msit fzf;fplg; gad;gLtJ .....................
tpil : caphp czhp
20. caphpay; fzpg;nghwpfis cUthf;fg; gad;gLtJ .................
tpil : caphpr;rpg;Gfs;
21. my;yPy; vd;gJ xNu [P dpd; khw;Wntspg;ghL MFk;.
22. my; yPNyh khh; Gfs; vd;gJ my;yPy;fSila vjph;g;gz;gikg;G MFk;
23. [_d; fhuzpfs; ,aw;gpay; rhh;e;j ghuk;ghpaf; fhuzpfs; MFk;.
24. Gwj;Njhw;w gz;GfSf;F .................. vd;W ngah; tpil : gPNdhilg;
25. clYWg;G gad;ghL tpjpia $wpath; .............
tpil : [P d; ghg;jP]; yhkhh; f;
26. ...................... tiuaiw nehjpfs; DNA ntl;l cjTfpwJ tpil :
tpil : (nu];l;hpf;~d; vz;Nlh epA+f;spNa];
27. %yr; nry; vd;gJ................... tpil : (khWghL milahj nry;
FOkk;)
28. ePupopT Neha; ....................... nrYj;Jjy; %yk; FzkilfpwJ tpil
: (,d; Rypd;)
29. caphpay; tpidA+f;fp vd;wiof;fg;gLgit ...............
tpil : (nehjpfs;)
30. kdpj rpw;wpdj;jpd; ngah; ................ tpil : (N`hNkhnrgpad;)
31. kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs; ............................ tpil : (N`hkpdpl; Lfs;)
32. DNA njhopy; El;gk; ............................. tpil : (kuGg; nghwpapay;)
vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.
33. nkz;lypd; xU gz;G fyg;G tpfpjk; ................... tpil : (3:1)

2.Neha;jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk;
gFjp m
1.rhpahd eyj; jpd; ghpzhkk; vJntdj; Njh;e;njLj;J vOJf.


tpil : jpU.K.jpdKk; jd; flikapid nra;fpwhh;. kfpo;r;rpahf
cs;shh;.
2. r%fj;jpy; R%fkw;w ghpkhzj;ij Njh;e;njLj;J vOJf.
tpil : rhjhuz nray;fspYk; fLikahf ele;J nfhs;fpwhh;.
3. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ghf; Bhpahthy; cz;lhFk; Neha;?
tpil : ,uz[d;dp
4. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; fhw;wpd; %yk; guTk; Nehapid fz;Lgpb
tpil : fhrNeha;
5. kpff; fLikahd kNyhpahf;fha;r;riy cUthf;Fk; fpUkp
tpil : gpsh];Nkhbak; ghy;rpghuk;.
6. ekJ czTf; Fly; gFjpapy; Neha; cz;lhf;Fk; Ez; Z}aphp ...........
tpil : vz;lkPgh `p]; liybfh.
7. kiwKfkhf Neha; guTk;Kiw ................
tpil : Nehahsp gad;gLj;Jk; clikfs; .
8. gpw caphpfsplkpUe;J gphpj;njLf;fg;gl; l vjph;nghUl;fs;> kdpjUf;F
Neha; jLg;G+rpahfg; Nghlg;gLfpwJ. ,J vt;tif jLg;G+rp Kiw.
tpil : nraw; ifahd ke;jkhd Neha;j; jLg;G Kiw
9. gpwe;j Foe;ijf;F Kjypy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; Neha;j;jLg; G+rp
tpil : BCG
10. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vjph; Njhd;wp (Mz; b n[d;) ,y;yhjJ vJ?
tpil : jha;g;ghy;.
11. kdpjdpd; ,uj;j rh;f;fiu msT czTf;F Kd;dh; .............
tpil : 80-120 mg / 100ml.
12. kuhRk]; kw;Wk; Fth~pNahh; fh; Neha;f; fhd fhuzk;
tpil : Guj FiwghL.
13. Njhypy; nkydpd; epwkp ,y;yhikahy; Njhd; Wk; FiwghL.
tpil : my;gpNdh.
14. rhjhuz rspia Vw;gLj;Jk; itu]; ................................tpil : iuNdh
15. ,d;G@ad;rh Nehia Vw;gLj;Jk; itu]; ...........tpil: H
1
N
1
itu];
16. fhrNehia (vYk;GUf;fp Neha;) cUthf;FtJ
tpil : ikf;Nfh ghf; Bhpak; bA+gh; FNshrp];
17. ilgha;L Nehia cz; lhf;Fk; fhuzp tpil : rhynkndy;yh ilg;gp
18. kNyhpah Nehia cz;lhf;Fk; fhuzp tpil : gpsh];Nkhbak;
19. mkPgpf; rPjNgjpia cUthf;Fk; Ez; Zaphp ......................
tpil : vz;lkPah `p];liybfh
20. va;l;]; Neha;f;fhd fhuzp .................... tpil : HIV itu];
21. HIVia fz;lwpAk; Ma;T ................... tpil : viyrh.
22. clypy; cs;s rh;f;fiu msitf; fl; Lg;gLj;Jk; nry; gPl;lhnry;
23. My;gh nry;fs; FSf;Nfhfhid Ruf;fpd;wd.

4.;jhtuq;fspy; ,dg;ngUf;fk;
1. xU nry; caphpfis mkPgh kw; Wk; ghf;Bhpaq;fspy; eilngWk;
,dg;ngUf;f tiffspy; xd;W tpil : ,uz;lhfg; gpsj; jy;


2. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspd; ghypdg;ngUf;f Kiwapy; eilngWk; Kjy;
epfo;T tpil : kfue;jr;Nrh;f;if
3. fPo;fz;ltw;wpy; rhpahd $w;W vJ?
tpil : G+Q; irfspy; cz;lhFk; xh; cl; fU nfhz;l efUk; jpwdw;w
ghypyh ];Nghh; fs;> nfhdpbah.
4. fUTw;w R+w;ig fdp MFk;. xU kyhpd; gy ,izahj R+yf
,iyfs; nfhz;l Nky;kl; l R+w;igapypUe;J cUthFk; fdp
tpil : jpus; fdp
5. ePhpy; Cwitj;j tpijia mOj;Jk;NghJ ,jd; topahf ePh; frpfpwJ.
tpil : ikf;Nuhigy;
6. khq;fdp fy;Nghd;w fdp vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ. Vnddpy; ,jd;
tpil: cs;Njhy; fbdkhdJ.
7. jtwhd $w; iwj; Njh;e;njL.
m) ,Utpj;jpiyj; jhtu tpijapy; fhzg;;gLk; Fl;ilahd>
ntz;ikahd gFjpf;F u/Ng vd; W ngah;
M) ,U tpj;jpiyj;jhtu tpijapy; fhzg;gLk; kpf Ez;zpa
Jisf;F ikf;Nuhigy; vd;W ngah;
,) fUtpy; jz;L cUthFk; gFjpf; F KisNth; vd; W ngah;
<) fUtpy; Nth; cUthFk; gFjpf;F KisNth; vd;W ngah;
tpil:
,) fUtpy; jz;L cUthFk; gFjpf;F KisNth; vd;W ngah;
8. fPo;fz;l $w;Wfspy; fhw;wpd; %yk; fdp guTjYf;fhd rhpahd
$w;iwf; Njh; e;njL.
tpil : biulhf;]; jhtuj;jpy;> Gy;yp tl; lk;> ghg;g]; Jtpfshf khwpf;
fdp guTjYf;F cjTfpwJ.
9. %tpiztpdhy; cz; lhFk; rpR> fUtpy; tsh;r;rpf;F Cl; lk; mspf;f
ty;yJ. tpil : fUT+z;
10. jd; kfue;j Nrh;f;ifapd; jPik
tpil : tpijfs; Fiwe;j vz;zpf; ifapy; cz;lhfpd;wd.
11. ghiyj;japuhf khw;Wk; ghf; Bhpah ....................tpil : Nyf;Nlh Ngrpy];
12. fl; bg; Nghl;lhy; Fl;bg;NghLk; jhtuk; ...........tpil : gpiuNah/gpy;yk.
13. i`buhtpy; eilngWk; ,dg; ngUf;fKiw ................tpil : mUk;Gjy;
14. My;fhf;fspy; fhzg;gLk; efUk; jd; ikaw;w ];Nghh; fs;
tpil : VgpsNdh];Nghh;fs;
15. kyhpd; Mz;ghfk; .............................tpil : kfue;jj;jhs; tl; lk;
16. efUk; jd; ikaw;w ];Nghh; fs; .......................tpil : nfhdpbah
17. kfue;jg;igapypUe;J kfue;j J}s;fs; R+yf Kbia nrd; wilAk;
nray; ...........................tpil : kfue; j Nrh;f; if
18. xU kyhpd; kfue;jj;J}s; mNj kyhpy; cs;s R+yf Kbia
nrd;wilAk; epfo;r;rp ............................tpil : Ml; NlhNfkp
19. may; kfue;j Nrh;f;iff;F kWngah; tpil : my;NyhNfkp
20. gwitfspd; top kfue;j Nrh;f;iff;F ......................... vd;W ngah;
tpil : Mh; dpNjh/gpyp.
21. KOikaile;j fUTw;w Kl; il ..................... tpil : irNfhl;


22. fUTWjYf;Fg;gpd; R+y; ........................ MfTk;> R+y; ciwfs;
.......................... MfTk; khWk; tpil : tpij > fdp
23. fUTw;w Kjph;e; j R+w;ig ................. vdg;gLk; tpil : fdp
24. fUTwhf; fdpfs; ...................... vdg;gLk;.
tpil : ghh;j;jpNdh fhh;gpf; fdpfs;

6.tho;f;if ,af;ff; nray;fs

1. khNdhl;Nuhghtpy; czTg; nghUl;fs; cwpQ;Rtjw;fhd rpwg;ghd
Nth;fs; tpil : ikf;Nfhiurh Nth;fs;
2. <];l;bd; fhw;wpyh Rthrj; jpdhy; cz; lhtJ .........................
tpil : vj;jdhy;
3. ePh;j; Njitf;fhf njd;idapd; Nth;fs;> jha;j; jhtuj;ij tpl;L ntF
njhiytpy; cs;sd tpil : ePh; rhh;G ,af;fk;
4. jhtuq;fspy; iryj;jpd; gzp ......................... tpil : ePiuf;flj;Jjy;
5. jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiwf;F Njitg;gLtJ CO
2
ePh;> gr;irak;> R+hpaxsp>
,it midj;Jk; tpil : ,it midj;Jk;
6. nry;Yf;F ntspNa nrhpj;jy; epfOk; Fly; gFjp ............tpil: Y}kd;
7. xl;Lz; zpj; jhtuq;fs; nfhz;Ls;s rpwg;ghd Nth;fSf;F ....................
vd; W ngah; tpil : `h];Nlhhpak;
8. nehjp vd;gJ ............................ tpil : caph;fphpah Cf;fp
9. fhw;wpyh Rthrk; .............................. vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
tpil : nehjpj;jy;
10. Mw;wy; ehzak; vd miof;fg;gLtJ ...............................tpil : ATP
11. kPd;fs; ........................... %yk; Rthrpf;fpwJ. tpil : nrTs;fs;
12. jhtuf; fopTfs; nry;fspy; Nrkpf;fg; gLk; ,lk; .........................
tpil : thf;fpNahy;
13. neg;uhd; ,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s fopTg; nghUl;fis .......................... %yk;
tbfl; LfpwJ. tpil : FNshk&y];.
14. jhtuq;fspy; ,uT Neuj;jpy; ePh; flj; Jtjw;F kpf Kf;fpakhf
fUjg;gLtJ ................................. tpil : NtuOj;jk;.
15. ehskpy;yhr; Rug;gpfs; Ruf;Fk; Ntjpg; nghUl;fs; ..........................
tpil : `hh; Nkhd;fs;
16. tisj; jirg; GOf;fspy; rpwg; Gf; fopT ePf;f cWg;ghf nray;gLtJ
................................. tpil : neg;hP baq;fs;
17. xl;Lz;zpj; jhtuj; jpw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L ..................................
tp];tk;,f];Fl; lh
18. rh;f;fiuf;fiury; My;f`hyhf khWk; epfo;r;rp .................nehjpj;jy;
19. nehjpj; jypy; <LgLk; Ez; Zaphp <]; l;

7.Rw;Wf; R+oy; ghJfhg;G



1. nghUl;fspd; njhFg;Gfs; fPNo nfhLf; fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;wpy;
rpijtilAk; nghUl;fisf; nfhz; l njhFg;gpid Njh;e;njL.
tpil : Gy;> kyh;fs;> Njhy;
2. fPo;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ czTr; rq;fpyp ? tpil : Gy;> ML> kdpjd;
3. fUg;Gj; jq;fk; vd miof;fg;gLtJ. tpil : ngl;Nuhypak;
4. nghUj;jkw;wij ePf;Ff : jhtuq;fs;> ntl;Lfpsp> jtis> Gyp> ghk;G
tpil : Gyp
5. gRik Ntjpapaypdhy; cz; lhFk; nghUSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L ..........
tpil : caphp gpsh];bf;
6. ........................ gRikaf thA ntg;gepiy khw;wk; kw;Wk;
Gtpntg;gkhjiy Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
tpil : fhh;gd; -il Mf; irL.
7. .......................... Fsr; R+o;epiy njhFg;gpy; rpijg;gitfs; MFk;.
tpil : ghf; Bhpaq;fs;
8. Nkfq;fisj; J}z; b nraw;if kio nga;a cjTk; Ntjpg;nghUs;
tpil : nghl; lhrpak; mNahilL
9. gbk vhpnghUSf;F vLj;Jf;fhl;L tpil : fhp
10. fopTj; jhis kPz;Lk; vj;jid rjtP jk; gad;gLj;j KbAk;
tpil : 54%
11. cg;G eP iu FbePuhf khw;w gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ,aw; gpay; Kiw
tpil : jiyfPo; rt;T+L guty;
12. `hy[d; ,y;yhj jPaizg;ghd;fspy; gad;gLk; nghUs;
tpil : rpypfhd; rhh;e;j nghUs;
13. Mrpa rpq;fk; fhzg;gLk; ruzhyak;
tpil : fph;Njrpag;G+q;fh
14. vz;nza; frptpdhy; fly;ePh; kl;lj; jpy; kpjf;ff; $ba vz;nza;
rpjwy;fs; ........................................
tpil: jhh; ge;Jfs;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs;.
1.kuGk; ghpzhkKk;
1. nghUj;Jf.
1. N[hfd; nkz;ly; - ghuk;ghpa flj;jy;
2. gl;lhzpr; nrb - igrk; rl;iltk;
3. vl;th;l; n[d;dh; - jLg;G+rp
4. lhf;lh; Iah;d; tpy;%l; - lhsp
2. m) clw;nry;fspy; Vw;gLk; khWghLfs; mLj; j jiyKiwf;F
flj;jg;gLfpwJ.
M) caphpfspy;; cs; mikg;gpd; khWghLfs; NtWghLfis
cUthf;FfpwJ. jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b gpio jpUj;Jf.
jpUj;jk;
m) cly; nry;fspy; Vw;gLk; khWghLfs; mLj;j
jiyKiwf;F flj;jg;gLtjpy;iy.


mi) Caphpfspy; Gwmikg;gpd; khWghLfs;
NtWghLfis cUthf;FfpwJ.
3. yhkhh; f; xl;lfr; rptpq;fpapd; fOj;ij vLj;Jf; fhl;lhf nfhLf;f
fhuzk; vd;d?
xl;lfr;rptpq;fpapd; fOj;J %yk; mjpfg; gad;ghl;by; ,Uf;Fk;
cWg;Gfs; tsh;r;rpAWk; vd;gij tpsf;fpdhh; .
,k; khw;wj;jpw;F Kf;fpa fhuzkhf tpsq;FtJ.
NjitAk; vz;zKNk MFk;.
4. cWjpgLj;Jf.
m). xU gz;gpd; ,U NtWgl;l gz;Gfisf; nfhz;Ls;s [Pd;
mikg;Gj; jd;ikf;F my;yPy;fs; vd;W ngah;
M) my;yPy;fs; ntspg;gLj;Jk; gz;gpw;F my;ypNyh khh; Gfs; vd; W
ngah; rhpahd $w; iw Njh;e;njL.
m) rhp M) rhp
5. tpdhvOg;Gf:
kugZ kUj;Jtk; vd;gJ clw;nry;fs; my;yJ ,dr; nry;fspy;
fhzg;gLk; [Pd; FiwghLfisf; fz;lwpe; J rhp nra;tjhFk;.
1. kugZ kUj;Jtk; vd;why; vd;d?
2. kugZ kUj;Jtj;jpd; tiffs; ahit?
3. kugZ kUj;Jtj;jpd; gad;fs; vd; d?
6. glj;jpy; x kw;Wk; y ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;

Tpil :X ghy;kb nry; cl;fU Y lhyp ML
7. Mjpkdpjd; Kjy; jw;fhy kdpjd; tiu nfhLf;fg;gl;l kdpj ,dq;fis
thpirgLj;Jf
1. epahd;lh;jhy; kdpjh;fs; 2. N`hNkhnrgpad;
3. N`hkpNah N`gpy]; 4. N`hkpNah vuf;l];
Tpil :1. N`hkpNah N`gpy]; 2. . N`hkpNah vuf;l];
3. epahd;lh;jhy; kdpjh;fs; 4. N`hNkhnrgpad;
8. flj;jf;$ba gz;Gfs; jd; rpw;wpdj;jpw;Fs; Sk; Nghpdj;jpw;Fs;Sk; khWgLk;
fPo;fhZk; gz;Gfs; vj; jifa khWghLfs; cs;sJ vdf;Fwpg;gpLf.
m. kdpjf; fz; epwk; eP yk;, fWg;G, gOg;G, gr;ir vd khWghLfs; cs; sJ.
,t; tif khWghL rpw;wpd caphpfspilNa fhzg;gLk; NtWghL vdg; gLk;.
M. Kay;, ahid Nghd;wtw; wpy; fhzg; gLk; gy mikg;G khWgl;Ls;sJ.
,t; tif khWghL Nghpdj;Jf; Fs; Ns fhzg;gLk; NtWghL vdg;gLk; .
9. cWjpg;gLj;Jf , fhuzk; $Wf.
m. kuG nghwpapay; Kyk; tptrhapfSf;F gad;gLk; tifapy; ep/g;[Pid
ghf;BhpahTf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj; jjr; nra;ayhk;.


M. gh];gh]; tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;fr; nra;J tptrhapfSf;F cjTk;.
1. m rhp M jtW 2. m jtW M rhp
3. m. jtW M. nghUe;JfpwJ. 4. m.rhp M. rhp
Tpil
m. rhp M. jtW
m. kuG nghwpapay; Kyk; tptrhapfSf;F gad;gLk; tifapy; ep/g;[Pid
ghf;BhpahTf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj;jjr; nra;ayhk;.
M. ,e;j iel;u[d; , tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;fr; nra;J tptrhapfSf;F cjTk;.
10. caphp czhp vd;why; vd;d? mjd; gad;ghl;il vOJ
1. caphp czhp vd;gJ nehjp vjph;g;Gg;nghUs;.
2. `hh;Nkhd; , epAf;spf; mkpyk; kw;Wk; caphpfspd; nry;fs; Kyk;
Nghh;j;j;g;gl;;l Xh; fUtpahFk;.
gad;fs; :
1. ,uj;j FSf;Nfh]; msit fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
2. clypy; cs; s er;Rj;jd;ikia fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
3. FbePhpd; khRWjiy fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
4. cztpd; kzk; kw;Wk; Ritia mstpl cjTfpwJ.

2.Neha;j; jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk;

1.xU rpwe;j eytho;f;if tho , Xt; nthU kdpjDk; ey; y cly;, kdk; ,
r%f eyDld; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; VNjDk; xd;W FiwTgl;lhYk; mth;
NehAw;wth; vdg;gLth;.

2.jkpo;nry;td;, epwf;FULj;jd;ikia mth; je;ijaplk; ,Ue;J
ghuk;ghpakhfg; ngw;Ws;shh;. ,jw;fhd fhuzpfs; kugpay; fhuzpfs; MFk;.

3.kuhRk]; kw;Wk; Fth~pNahh;fh; Neha;fs; Gujf;Fiwghl;lhy; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,jd;
mwpFwpfshf KiwNa gUj;j tapW Kfj;jpy; tP f;fk; MFk;. ,f;$w;W rhpah?
jtwhf ,Ue;jhy; jpUj;jp vOJf.

jtW Vnddpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Neha; mwpFwpfs; Fth~pNahHfUf;F
kl;LNk chpaJ.
kuhRk]; Nehapd; mwpFwpfs;:
1.Foe;ijapd; vilFiwT 2.fLikahd tapw;Wg;Nghf;F
3.vYk;GkPJ Njhy; NghHj;jg;gl;lJ Nghd;w clyikT.

4. jdpahd xd;iwf; fz;lwpf:
epwf;FUL> `PNkhgPypah> khiyf;fz; my;gpdprk;> fjpHmhpths;>
,uj;jNrhif Neha;.
khiyf;fz; - itl;lkpd; V Fiwtpdhy; epf;NlhNyhgpah vd;w Fiwghl;L
Neha; cz;lhfpwJ. ,e;Nehapd; mwpFwp khiyapy; fz;njhpahik MFk;.
kw;w midj;J Neha;fSk; kugpay; Neha;fshFk;.

5. uk;ah <Wfspy; ,uj;jk; frpjy;> gy; MLjy; Nghd;w cghijfs; cs; sJ.
fhuzk; cztpy; itl;lkpd; rp FiwghL
Fiwghl;L Neha; : ];fHtp.


6.nghUj;Jf:
tpil : itl;lkpd;fs; Fiwghl;L Neha;fs;

itl;lkpd; V epf;NlhNyhgpah
itl;lkpd; gp nghpnghp
itl;lkpd; rp ];fHtp
itl;lkpd; B hpf;fl;];
itl;lkpd; Nf ,u;jjf;frpT

7.nghUj;Jf:
tpil
5. fhrNeha;j;jLg;G+rp BCG
6. njhz;il milg;ghd;
ff;Fthd; ,Uky;> nll;ld];
Kj;jLg;G+rp DPT
7. Gl;lhyk;ik> kPry;];> &ngy;yh MMR
8. nll;lhd]; lhf;]ha;L TT

8.tpil
Neha;f;fhuzp Neha;
G+Q;ir gil
itu]; rhjhuz rsp
ghf;Bhpah ,uz[d;dp
GNuhl;NlhNrhth kNyhpah

9.ftpjhTf;F rhjhuzr; rsp> ftpjhtplk; eP vd;d Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;L ,e;Neha;
cs; sij cWjpr; nra;tha;:
m. jiytyp kw;Wk; fha;r;ryhf cs; sjh?
M. %f;fpypUe;J rsp xOFfpwjh?

10. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Neha;fspy; xd;W nghUe;jhjJ. mijf;
fz;lwpe;J fhuzk; $W?
1. fhyuh 2. ilgha;L 3. glHjhkiu 4. rPjNgjp
Tpil : nghUe;jhjJ : glHjhkiu
fhuzk; : glHjhkiu G+Q;irfshy; tuf;$baJ. kw;w Neha;fs;
ghf;Bhpahf;fs; %yk; tUk; Neha;fshFk;.

myF 3

1.fPo;f;fz;l glj;ij tiue;J nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls; s VNjDk; ,uz;L ghfq;fisf;
Fwpf;fTk;.





2.nray;fspd; mbg;gilapy; rhpahd $w;W.
fizak; nehjpfisAk;> `hHNkhidAk; Ruf;fpd;wJ.
3.epug;Gf.
ijuhf;]pd; - MSik`hHNkhd;
ml;hPdypd; - mtruf;fhy `hHNkhd;
4.rhpahd $w;wpid vOJf.
tpil : My;ghnry;fs; FSf;Nfhfhd; `hHNkhidAk;> gPl;lhnry;fs;
,d;Rypd; `hHNkhidAk; Ruf;fpd;wd.
5.Fd;wy;gFg;G eilngWk; nry;fs; ,dg;ngUf;f vgpjPypay; nry;fs;
6.mkPghtpy; eilngWk; nry; gFg; GKiw FNuhNkhNrhk; tiygpd;dypy;
khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;JtJ ,y;iy
7.rhpahd xOq;FmikT Kiw
nyg;NlhBd; - irNfhl;bd; - ghf;fpBd; - bg;Nshl;Bd; - laf;NdhrP];
8.kpah]p]; nry;gphpjypd; FWf;Nf fyj;jy; eilngWk; epiy ghf;;;; ;fpBd;
9.fPo;f;zl thf;fpaq;fis ftdp
$w;W (A). gpl;A+l;lhp Rug;gp ehskpy;yh FOtpd; elj;JdH vd
miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
fhuzk; (R) - rpy ehskpy;yhr; Rug;gpfis gpl;A+l;;lhp Rug;gp
xOq;FgLj;JfpwJ.
rhpahd tpil : A kw;Wk; R ,uz;LNk rhpahdJ
10.ngU%isapd; gzpfs; ahit?
czHT> mwpTf;$Hik> epidthw;wy;> fw;gidj;jpwd;> fhuzfhhpak;
Ma;e;jwpjy; Nghd;wtw;wpd; ,Ug;gplkhfj; jpfo;fpwJ.

11.ijuhf;]pdpd; gzpfs; ahit?
1. clypd; ntg;gj;ij mjpfhpf;fpwJ.
2. tsHrpij khw;w tP jj;ij caHj;JfpwJ.
12.ml;hPdy; `hHNkhd;fspd; gzpfs; ahit?
3. ,jaj;Jbg;gpd; Ntfj;ij mjpfhpf;fpd;wd.
4. RthrtPjj;ij mjpfhpf;fpd;wd.
13.hpyhf;]pdpd; gzp ahJ?
kfg;Ngwpd;NghJ ,Lg;Gg; gFjpj; jirfisj; jsHtilar; nra;J Foe;ij
gpwg;ig vspjhf;FfpwJ..
14.nghUj;Jf:
1. irl;lhd; - euk;Gfs;
2. ep]py;Jfs;fs; - irl;Nlhgpshrk;
3. gwf;Fk; `hHNkhd; - ml;hPdy;> ehH ml;Hpdy;
(rz;il `hHNkhd;)
4. Mf;]plhf;]pd; - Jhpjgpwg;G


4.jhtuq;fspy; ,dg;ngUf;fk;.
1.ghy;rk; jhtuj;jpy; tpijfs; jd; jha; jhtuj;ij tpl;L ntF njhiytpy;
tpOfpd;wd. m. ,f;$w;W rhpahdjh my;yJ jtwhdjh fhuzk; $W.
m. ,f;$w;W jtwhdJ. ghy;rk; jhtuj;jpd; fdpfs; jpBnud ntbj;J
tpijfs; rpjwp guTfpwJ.
M. fhuzk; : ,f;fdp fhw;wpy; ntFJ}uk; vLj;J nry;tjw;F vt;tpj
GwtshpAk; ,y;iy.
2. m. glk; A kw;Wk; B ia milahsk; fhz;

M. A apd; ve;j ghfk; B ahf khWfpwJ.

m. glk; A R+yf tl;lk; glk; B kh-l;&g; cs; xl;L rijf;fdp
M. A apd; R+y;ig B Mf (fdpahf) khWfpwJ
3. caphpdq;fSk; mtw; wpd; ,dg;ngUf;f KiwfSk; nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sd.
,dg;ngUf;f Kiwfis mjw;Fhpa caphpdq;fNshL nghUj;Jf.
tpil :
gpsj;jy; GNuhl;NlhNrhtd;fs; ghf;Bhpaq;fs;
mUk;Gjy; Fop clypfs; <];l;
Jz;lhjy; ];igNuhifuh jl;ilGOf;fs;
4. $l;Lf;fdp gy kyHnfhz;l xU kQ;rhpapd; midj;J kyHfspypUe;Jk;
cUthfpwJ.. jpus;fdpahdJ xU kyhpd; ,izahj gy R+yf ,iyfisf;
nfhz;l Nky; kl;lr; R+w;igapypUe;J cUthfpwJ.
5. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s glj;ij tiue;J fPOs;s ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk; .



m. vf;ird; M. FOha; epA+f;dpa];
glk; gf;fk; 74.
6. nghUj;Jf:
tpil
1. jf;fhsp> fj;jhp - ngHhp
2. MuQ;R> vYkpr;ir - n`];nghpbak;
3. Mg;gps; - Nghk;
4. gl;lhzp> mtiu - ny$k;
5. gUj;jp - miw ntbfdp / fhg;R+y;
6. khk;gok; - l;&g;
7. $+/g;yp - G+r;rpfs;> tpyq;Ffs;
8. MHdpj;Njh/gpyp - gwitfs;
9. mdpNkh/gpyp - fhw;W
10. i`bNuh/gpyp - ePH
11. kfue;jjhs; tl;lk; - G+tpd; Mz; ghfk;
12. R+yftl;lk; - G+tpd; ngz; ghfk;.
7. glk; tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwpg;gpLf.



myF 5
1. nghUj;Jf
tpil
1. ntsthy; - xypvjpnuhspg;G
2. fq;fhU - khHR+gpay;
3. rpWePufk; - mtiu tpijtbtk;
4. ,izg;Gj;jpR - ,uj;jk;
5. ghY}l;bfs; - ghy;Rug;gpfs;
6. jpkpq;;;; ;;;; ;;;; ;;;; ;;;; ; ;;;fyk; - gyPd;jl;Lfs;
7. tpy;ypak; `hHtp - ,uj;j Row;rp
8. gy;kdhpthy;Tfs; - gpiwtbtthy;Tfs;
2. jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;b jpUj;Jf:
1. FspH fhyq;fspy; clypd; ntg;gj;ij caHj;j tpaHitr; Rug;gpfs;
mjpfkhd ,uj;jj;ij ngw;W mjpfkhd rpWePiu ntspNaw;WfpwJ.
2. ,jak; RUq;fp tphpAk; nghOJ yg; kw;Wk; lg; xyp cz; lhfpwJ.
3. xU rpw;wpdj;ij rhHe;j Fl;bia kw; nwhU rpw;wpdj;ijr; rhHe;j ngw;NwhH
ghJfhj;jy; ngw;NwhHghJfhg;G vdg;gLk;.
3.jpUj;jk; :
1. FspHfhyq;fspy; clypd; ntg;gj;ij caHj;j tpaHitr; Rug;gpfs;
Fiwthd ,uj;jijg; ngw;W mjpfkhd rpWePiu ntspNaw;WfpwJ.
2. xU rpw;wpdj;ijr; rhHe;j Fl;bia kw;nwhU rpw;wpdj;ij rhHe;j
ngw;NwhH ghJfhj;jy; FWf;Fg; guhkhpj;jy; vdg;gLk;
4. ghY}l;b my;yhj njhFjpia fz;lwpe;J vOJf.
m.. lhy; gpd;> thy;u]; > Ks;sk;gd;wp> Kay;> ntsthy;
M. ahid> gd;wp> Fjpiu> fOij> Fuq;F
,. Mz;bNyhg;> khd;> gR> flkhd;> vUik
<. eha;> G+iz> Kjiy> rpq;fk;> Gyp
tpil : <. eha;> G+id> Kjiy> rpq;fk;> Gyp
5. ghY}l;bfspd; Gwj;Njhypy; fhzg;gLtJ
tpil :1. Nuhkk;> czH Nuhkk;> NuhkKl;fs;.
6. xw;Wikapd; mbg;gilapy; fz;lwpf
jpkpq;fyk; - gyPd;jl;Lfs;
ntsthy; - ---------?-------
tpil : ntsthy; - Kd;if,wf;if
7. G+Hj;jp nra;f


1. gpsh];kh iggphpNdh[pd; - ,uj;jk; ciwjypy; Kf;fpagq;F
`PNkhFNshgpd; - ,uj;jrptg;gZ Mr;rp[id vLj;Jr; nry;fpwJ.
,uj;jnts;is mZf;fs; - Neha;fpUkpfs; jhf;Fjypy; ,Ue;J cliy
ghJfhf;fpwJ
8. clypd; kh];lH nfkp];l; vd;W rpWePufk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ fhuzk;
fz;lwpe;J vOJf.
m. clypy; ngwg;gLk; midj;J Ntjpg;nghUs; fSk; rpWePufj;jpy; ngwg; gLfpwJ.
M. rpWePufk; ,uj;jj;jpd; NtjpnghUl;fspd; rkepiyia NgZfpwJ.
,. Clypy; ngWk;midj;J NtjpnghUl;fisAk; ntspNaw;WfpwJ.
<. rpWePufk; clypd; midj;J Ntjpg;nghUl;;;; fisAk; Nrkpj;J itf; fpwJ.
tpil : rpWePufk; ,uj;jj;jpd; NtjpnghUl;fspd; rkepiyia NgZfpwJ.

9. khWghL mile;jjpd; mbg;gilapy; xUq;fpizj;J vOJf
ntl;Lk;gw;fs; - ahidapd; je;jk;
Nuhkk; - Ks;sk;gd;wpapd; Kl;fs;
10. fhuzk; $Wf.
m. JUtf; fubfs; fbdkhd NehiaAk; mlHj;jpahd KbiaAk; ngw;Ws;sJ.
M. jpkpq;fyk; gyPd;jl;Lfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
fhuzk;
Fspiu jhq;Ftjw;fhf jbj;j NjhYk; mlHj;jpahd KbiaAk;
JUtf; fubfs; ngw;Ws;sd.
jpkpq;fyq;fspd; jhil ry;yil Nghd;W cs;sJ. ,J kpjit
(fphpy;) caphpfis ePhpypUe;J tbfl;Ltjw;F gyPd;;jl;Lfs;
gad;gLfpwJ.
11. epug;Gf
m. czHkPir Nuhkq;fs; fhzg; gLk; tpyq;F G+id kw;Wk; eha;
M. ahidapd; je;jq;fs; ntl;Lk; gw;fspd;; khWghL MFk;.
12. m. ehd;F miwfSld; $ba tapW cila tpyq;F khd;
M. kdpjdpd; ruhrhp cly; ntg;gepiy 98.4F - 98.6F
13. m. kpl;uy;thy; T ,lJMhpf;fps;> ,lJ ntz;l;hpf;fps; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
M. <hpjo; kw;Wk; %tpjo; thy;tpd; gad; : ,uj;jk; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;tijj;
jLj;jy;.
14.m. fhHbahf; jirapdhy; kdpj ,jak; RUq;fp tphpfpwJ.
M. ruhrhp kdpjdpd; ,jaj;Jbg;G xU epkplj;jpw;F 72 Jbg;GfshFk;.
15. m. ,jaj;jpd; miw RUq;Fk; epiy rp];Nlhy;.
M. ,jaj;jpd; miw tphptilAk; epiy la];Nlhy;
16. m. gwf;Fk; jd;ikAs;s ghY}l;bfs; ntsthy;
M. flypy; thOk; ghY}l;bfs; lhy;gpd;> jpkpq;fyk;> ngd;Ftpd;
17. epug;Gf
tpil:
fopT ePf;f cWg;G ntspNaw;Wk; fopT fopTg; nghUl;fs;
rpWePufk; rpWePH A+hpah> A+hpf; mkpyk;
EiuaPuy; ntspNaw;wg;gLk; fhw;W fhHgd;ilMf;i]L> ePH
Mtpahjy;
Njhy; tpaHit mjpfkhd ePH kw;Wk;
cg;Gfs;.

18. glk; tiue;J ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;



\

6.tho;f;if ,af; fr; nray;fs;

1. A,B Fwpg;gpl;l jhtuj;jz;bd; th];Fyhh; jpRf;fspd; ngah;fis
Fwpg;gpLf



m. A kw;Wk; B d; ngah;fis voJ
M. A apd; topahf flj;jg;gLk; nghUs;fs; ahit?
,. B apd; topahf flj;jg; gLk; nghUs;fs; ahit?
<. vt;thW A apd; topahf nghUs;fs; flj;jg;gLfpwJ?
tpil : m. A iryk; B GNshak;

M. ePh; kw;Wk; fdpkg; nghUl;fs;
,. czT kw;Wk; mkpNdh mkpyq;fs;
<. ,iyfspy; eilngWk; eP uhtp Nghf;fpdhy; iryk; Foha;fs;
%ykhfTk; l;uhfPLfs; %ykhfTk; nghUl;fs; ,iyfSf;F
Nky;Nehf;fp flj;jg;gLfpwJ.
2. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; glj;ij ftdpf;f



m. glk; A kw;Wk; B y; fhzg;gLk; ,af;fq;fisf; Fwpg; gpLf
M. vt;thW ,t; tpaf;fq;fs; njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp ,iyfspd; ,af;fq;fspypUe;J
NtWgLfpd;wd?

tpil : m. A jhtuk; - Gtp <h;g;G jpir rhh;G ,af;fk;
B jhtuk; - xspj;jpir rhh;G ,af;fk;
M. njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp jhtuj;jpy; Vw;gLk; ,af;fk; njhL
czh;tpdhy; Vw;glf;$baJ. ,q;F tsh;r;rpapy;iy. ,J tsh;r;rp rhuh ,af;fk; .
glk; A kw;Wk; B apy; fhzg;gLtJ tsh;r;rp rhh; ,af;fk;

3. fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Cl;l KiwfNsh;L mtw;wpd; rpwg;G cWg;Gfs;
kw;Wk; jf;f vLj; Jf;fhl;LfSld; nghUj;Jf.

jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiw ikf;Nuhiurh Nth;fs; f];Fl;lh
xl;Lz;zpfs; gr;irak; khNdhl;Nuhg;gh
kl;Fz;zpfs `h];Nlhhpaq;fs; i`gp];f];
tpil
1.jw;rhh;G Cl;l
Kiw
2.kl;Fz;zpfs; 3.xl;Lz; zpfs;
gr;irak ikf;Nuhiurh Nth;fs; `h];Nlhhpaq;fs;
i`gp];f]; khNdhl;Nuhg;gh f];Fl;lh

4. rh;f;fiu fiury; My;f`yhf khw;wkilfpwJ.
m. Nkw;fz;l nraypd; vj;jifa epfo;r;rp eilngWfpwJ?
nehjpj;jy;
M. ve;j Ez;Zaphp <LgLfpwJ? <];l;

5. Rthrpj;jypy; FSf;Nfh]; vd;gJ 6 fhh;gd; nfhz;l Nrh;kk; , yhf;bf;
mkpyk; vd;gJ 3 fhh;gd; fhpkr;Nrh;kk;
6. nghUj;Jf:
1. tp];fk; - xl;Lz; zpfs;
2. iryk; - ePh;
3. njhl;ly; rpZq;fp tsh;r;rp rhuh ,af;fk;
4. njd;id Nth; ntF njhiytpw;F nry;Yjy; - ePh;j;jpir rhh;G
,af;fk;
5. GNshak; - czTg;nghUs;
6. jw;rhh;G Cl;l Kiw gRq;fzpfk;
7. ghf;Bhpaq;fs; - kl;Fz;zpfs;
8. MQ;rpNah];ngh;kfs; - ikf;Nfhiurh Nth;

7. njhl;lhy; rpZq;fp jhtuj;jpd; euk;G kz;lyNkh jirfNsh ,y;iy.
Mdhy; ,j;jhtuj;ij njhl;lhy; midj;J ,iyfSk; RUq;Ffpd;wd.
fhuzk; $W.

fhuzk; :


jhtur; nry;fspy; cs; s ePhpd; mstpy; Vw; gLk; khWjy; NkYk;
J}z;bYf;F clNd gjpy; tpid.

tsh;r;rp rhuh ,af; fk;
8. glj;jpy; ghfq;fis Fwp :

9. nghUe;jhjij Njh;e;njL :

njhz;il tha; tha;f;Fop fizak; tpil : fizak;

10. kdpjdpy; Rthrf; fhw;whdJ ----------------- topahf ------------------------f;Fs;
nry;fpwJ
tpil : ehrpj;Jis , EiuaPuYf;Fs;
11. kPd;fspy; ePuhdJ ------- topahf clYf;Fs; nrd;W ePhpy; fiue;Js; s
Mf;rp[d; ----------------- guTfpwJ.
tpil :tha; > nrTSf;Fs;

7.Rw;Wr;#oy; ghJfhg;G

1; fPo;fz;l czTr;rq;fpypia gbj;J rhp nra;J mjid rh; nra;j mjid
Mw;wy; gpukplhf khw;Wf
czT rq;fpyp:
ky;nghp - FUtp fk;gsp G+r;rp gUe;J

tpil


2.nghUj;Jf

1; rpijtilAk; fopT -Njhy;
2; rpijtilahf; fopT - nefpop
3. ,uhZt fopT - epyj;jpy;; epug;Gjy;
4. jput fopT Mo;fpzW gha;r;Rjy;
5. kUj;Jt fopT vhpj;J rhk;gyhf;Fjy;
6. nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL Nkfj;jpy; J}Tjy;
7. fUg;Gj; jq;fk; - ngl;Nuhy;

3.jtWfisr; Rl;bf;fhl;L gpiofisj; jpUj;Jjy;

1. nefpop Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtiltjhy; ,J kl;Fk; fopT
MFk;.
jpUj;jk;:
nefpop Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilahJ. vdNt ,J
kl;fhj fopT MFk;.

2. kuf;fl;il Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilahJ. vdNt ,J
kl;fhj fopT MFk;.
jpUj;jk;:
kuf;fl;il Ez;ZaphPfspd; nray;ghl;bdhy; rpijtilAk;. vdNt ,J
kl;Fk; fopT MFk;.

3. fjph;tPr;R fopTfis vhpj;jy; %yk; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ.
jpUj;jk;:
fjph;tPr;R fopTfis epyj;jpy; epug;Gjy; %yk; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ.

4.tpdhf;fis vOg;Gjy;> gjpyspj;jy;

1. epyf;fhpia vhpf;Fk;NghJ ntsptUk; gRikaf thA ntg;gepiy khw;wj;ij
Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.
m. gRikaf thAtpw;F cjhuzk; nfhL
fhh;gd;il Mf;irL


M. gRikaf thA tspkz;lyj; jpy; Vw; gLj;Jk; khw;wk; ahJ?
gRikaf thA ntsptUtjhy; fhyepiy khWghl;bw;Fk;, Gtp
ntg;gkhjYf;Fk; fhuzkhfpwJ.

5.czTr; rq;fpyp vd;why; vd;d?
Mw;wy; czT %yk; xU caphpapypUe;J mLj;jLj;j caphpfSf;F
flj;jg;gLjy; czTr; rq;fpyp vdg;gLk;.

v.fh. Gy; ntl;Lf;fpsp jtis ghk;G fOF

6.caphp gpsh];bf; vd;why; vd;d?
kf;fhr; Nrhsk; cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk; jhtug; nghUs;fspypUe;J jahhpf;Fk;
gpsh];bf; nghUs;fs;

7.m) 1 kw;Wk; 3y; fhzg;gLk; epfo;r;rpfis vOJf.
M) epfo;T 1 I tiuaW.
,) VNjDk; xU gbk vhpnghUis Fwpg;gpLf.

m. jhtuq;fs; kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; Rthrpf;fpd;w NghJ fhh;gd; il
Mf;i]il ntsptpLfpwJ. ,e;j fhh;gd;il Mf;i]L tsp
kz;lyj;jpw;F nry;fpwJ.
M. jhtuq;fs; jdf;F Ntz;ba czit xsph;r;Nrh;f;ifapd; %yk;
jahhpj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,e;j xspr;Nrh;f;iff;F co
2
ePh; kw;Wk; #hpa
xsp Njit. co
2
it tsp kz;;lyj;jpypUe;J jhtuq;fs; ngw;Wf;
nfhs;fpwJ.

,. gbk vhpkg;nghUs; - epyf;fhp.


8. fopT ePh; Nkyhz;ik

1.m. ePhpdhy; cz;lhFk; Neha;f;F vLj;Jf; fhl;L
ilgha;L > fhyuh>rPjNgjp
M. gbe;j kw;Wk; kpjf;Fk; nghUl;fis ve;j Rj;jpfhpg;G Kiwapy;
ePf;fyhk; ? Kjy; epiy Rj;jpfhpg;G
2. m. vJ jpUk;g ngw ,ayhj tsk; ?
m) fhp M) ngl;Nuhypak; ,) ,aw;if thA <) midj;Jk;
M. ,aw;if thAtpy; fhzg;gLk; Kjd;ikahd nghUs; ? kPj;Njd;
3. m. rJg;G epyq;fspy; kPj;Njd; thA fhzg;gLfpwJ.
M. ANudpaj;jpypUe;J mZf;fU Mw;wy; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
4. m. jpl>jput thA epiyapy; cs; s i`l;Nuh fhh;gd; ngl;Nuhypak;
M. R+hpa Mw;wiy xsp kpd;fyk; %yk; kpd;dhw;wyhf khw;wyhk;
5. m. kPj;Njd; thAypUe;J cuq;fs; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
M. er;Rj;jd;ikaw;w ghJfhg;ghd xU vhpg;nghUs; i`l;u[d;
6. m. gNah My;f`hy; vd;gJ caphp vhp rhuhak;
M. gNah Bry; vjpypUe;J jahhpf;fg;glfpwJ?
jhtu vz;nza; kw;Wk; nfhOg;G
7. xU fpuhkj;jpy; 2008-2009 Mk; Mz.by; Vw;gl;l njhw;W Neha;fspd;
tpguk; tl;l tiuglkhf nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ.mjid $h;e;J Nehf;fp
fPo;fz;ltw; wpw;F tpilaspf;fTk;.
;

m. ngUk;ghyhd kf;fis jhf;fpa Neha;fs; ahit?
nlq;F fha;r;ry; >rpf;fd; Fdpah
M. vt;thW ,e;j Neha;fs; guTfpd;wd?
nfhRf;fspd; %yk;
,. kw;w ,U Neha;fis fl;LgLj;Jk; VNjDk; 3 Kiwfis vOJf.

fhyuhit fl;LgLj; Jjy; :
1. khR mile;j ePiu Fbf;ff; $lhJ
2. fhyuhtpw;F jLg;G+rp Nghl Ntz;Lk;
nlq;F fha;r;ry;
rpf;fd; Fdpah

fhyuh

vypf;fha;r;ry;


3. ePiu nfhjpf;f itj;J Fbf;f Ntz; Lk;
vypf;fha;r;riy fl;LgLj;Jjy;
1. Neha; gug;gpahd vypfis fl;Lg; gLj; Jjy;
2. jplf; fopTfis Kiwahf ifahSjy;.
3. kf;fSf;F tpopg;Gzh;it Vw; gLj;Jjy; .

14. nghUe;jhjij ePf;Ff:

m. caphp My;f`hy; >gr;ir Bry;> caphp <jh>; ngl;Nuhypak;
M. fhyuh >ilgha;L >nrhwprpuq;F> rPjNgjp
nghUe;jhjJ
m)caphp <jh;
M)nrhwprpuq;F
15. Mw;wy; Nrkpf;f cjTk; rhjdq;fis fPo;fz;ltw;wpypUe;J Njh;e;njLf;fTk;
1) xspUk; gy;Gfs;
2) jhkpu kpd; ml;il
3) R+hpa ePh; R+Nlw;wp
4) kpd; ePh; R+Nlw;wp
5) lq;];ld; tpsf;Ffs;
6) kpd;dZ kpd; ml;il

tpil: 1.xspUk; gy;Gfs;
2.R+hpa ePh; R+Nlw;wp
3.kpd;;dZ kpd; ml;il

16. khwpAs;s jpUk;gg; ngw ,aYk; kw;Wk; jpUk;gg; ngw ,ayhj tsq;fis
rhpahf nghUj;Jf

tsq;fs; A B C
jpUk;gg; ngWk;
tsq;fs;
fhp fhw;W ngl;Nuhypak;
jpUk;gg; ngw
,ayhj tsq;fs;
i`l;u[d; ,aw;if thA R+hpa xsp Mw;wy;

tsq;fs; A B C
jpUk;gg; ngWk;
tsq;fs;
R+hpa xsp Mw;wy; fhw;W i`l;u[d;
jpUk;gg; ngw
,ayhj tsq;fs;
fhp ,aw;if thA ngl;Nuhypak;

17. jpUk;gg; ngw ,ayhj tsk; vd;gJ xU ,aw;if tsk;. ,jid
kdpjEfh;tpd; Ntfj;ij tpl kpf Ntfkhf ,aw;if epfo;tpdhy; khw;wyhk;.
Nkw;fz;l $w;iw gbj;J jtwhdjh my;yJ rhpahdjh vd;W cWjp nra;.

jtwhf ,Ue;jhy; rhpahd $w;iw vOJ.

tpil: $w;W jtwhdJ.

,aw;if tsq;fs; vd;gJ GJg;gpf;fjf;f tsq; fs;


18.

A kw;Wk; B efuq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; njhw;WNeha;fs; gl;il tiuglkhf
nfhLf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ
1. nlq;F fha;r;ry; 2. vypf; fha;r;ry; 3. fhyuh 4. rpf;Fd; Fdpah

1. efuk; A y; fhzg; gLk; Neha;f;F vd;d fhuzk;?

njhw;Wj; jd;ik tha;e;j ghf;Bhpah kw;Wk; itu]; cs; s eP iug; gUFtjhYk;
gad;gLj;JtjhYk; ,e;Neha;fs; tUfpd;wd.

2. ve;efuj; jpw;F fopT ePf;fk; kw;Wk; J}a;ik mjpf mstpy; Njitg;gLfpwJ?

efuk; Af;F fopT ePf;fk; kw;Wk; J}a;ik mjpf mstpy; Njitg;gLfpwJ

19. nghUj;Jf:

1. ePh;j;njhlh;Gila Neha;fs; - kNyhpah
2. jd; J}a;ikf; FiwghL - Njhy; Neha;
3. Mw;wy; Nrkpg;G - CFL
4. ,aw;if thA - 90% kPj; Njd;
5. caphp vhp rhuhak; - jhtuq;fspd; rh;f;fiug; nghUs;
6. caphp Bry; - jhtu vz;nza;
7. gRikaf thA - kP j;Njd;
8. jpl jput thA epiy vhpnghUs; - ngl;Nuhypak;

5 kjpg;ngz; tpdhtpilfs; :
1-kuGk; ghpzhKk;
1. kuGg;nghwpapay; vd;why; vd;d?
2. kuGg; nghwpapay; njhopy; El;gj;ij tpthp?


3. kuGg; nghwpapaypd; ed;ikfisf; $W?
tpil:
1. kuGg;nghwpapay; vd;gJ xU caphpapd; FNuhNkhNrhkpy; cs; s DNA tpy;
Gjpjhf kugpay; gz;Gfisr; NrHj;Njh my;yJ Fiwj;Njh khw; wk; nra;Ak;
njhopy; El;gkhFk;.
2. kugpay; njhopy; El;gk;
Kjy;epiy - DNA it Jz;Lfshf ntl;LtJ
ntl;lg;gad;gLk; nehjp nu];l;hpf;rd; vz;NlhepA+f;spNa]; (fj;jhpf;Nfhyhf)
ntl;lg;gl;l DNA Jz;Lfis xl;litf; Fk; nehjp DNA iyNf];
3. ed;ikfs;
[Pd; mikg;G kw;Wk; nray;ghLfis mwpa mjpf mstpy; ,d;Rypid
cUthf;f
itu];fSf;F vjpuhf ,d;lHnguhd; cw; gj;jp nra;a
kdpj tsHr;rp `hHNkhd; cw; gj;jp nra;a
fhy;eil Nfhkhhp Neha;f;F vjpuhd jLg;G+rp jahhpf;f
ep/[Pid ghf;Bhpahtf;F khw;wp iel;u[id epiy epWj;j cjTfpwJ.

3. capH njhopy; El;gtpaypy; Ez;ZapH ngUf;fk; fPNo
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;stw; iw $He;J ftdpj;J tpilaspf;fTk;. gad;fis vOJ

capH vjpHg;G nghUs;fs;

jLg;G+rpfs; capHnjhopy; El;gtpay; itl;lkpd;
Ez;ZapH ngUf;fk;

fhpk mkpyq;fs; nehjpfs;

gad;fs;:
1. capH vjpHg;G nghUs;fs;
kdpj clypy; Neha; vjpHg;Gj; jd;ikia mjpfhpf;f> er;R Ez;ZaphpfSf;nfjpuhf
kUe;J nghUs; jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ.
2. itl;lkpd;fs;
Mw;wiy mspf;fpwJ. tsHrpij khw;wj;ij xOq;FgLj;JfpwJ.
3. nehjpfs;
My;;f`hy; jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ.
4. fhpk mkpyq;fs;
tpdpfH cw;gj; jp nra;a mrpl;bf; mkpyk; gad; gLfpwJ.
5. jLg;G+rpfs;
Fwpg;gpl;l Neha;f;nfjpuhf nray;gLk; vjpHg;G nghUs;fs; (Md;bghbfs;)
jahhpf;fg; gad; gLfpwJ.

3. kdpj ghpzhkk; fle;j 15 kpy;ypad; Mz;Lfspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f khw;wq;fis
nfhz;ljhf cs; sJ.
m. tsHr;rp ghpzhkj;ij Mz; L rhHe;J Kiwg;gLj;Jf.
M Muk;gfhy N`hkpdpl;Lfs; tho;T Fwpj;J Fwpg;G vOJf.



tpil
m. ghpzhkk; Mz;L rhHe;J tifg;gLj;jy;

Mz;Lfs; kdpj ghpzhkk;
15 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; kdpj clyikg;igf; nfhz;l
Fuq;Ffs; > nfhhpy;yh> rpk;gd;rp
3-4 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs; - N`hkpdpl;Lfs;
1.5 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; khkpr cz;zp N`hNkhvuf;l;l];
1 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; epahz;lHjhy; kdpjHfs;
75000 10000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; jw;fhy N`hNkhnrgpad;fs;
180000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; Fiffspy; thOk; kdpjHfs;
10000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ehfhPf kdpjd;

M. Muk;gfhy N`hkpdpl;Lfs; tho;T :
tho;e;j fhyk; 3-4 kpy;ypad; Mz;LfSf;F Kd; (kdpj Kd;Ndhbfs;)
fpof;F Mg; gphpf;fhtf; F te;jdH.
goq;fis cz;ldH
fw;fshy; Md MAjq;fisg; gad;gLj;jpdH.
4 mb cauKilatHfs;
epkpHe;j eil nfhz;ltHfs;

4. jz; L nry; cUthf;fk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F mjpf ed;ikia mspf;fpwJ.
m. %ynry;fis tifg; gLj;Jf
M. ];nlk; nry;ypd; Kf;fpa gz;Gfs; ahit?
,. %yr;nry;fs; vt; thW ngwg;gLfpwJ?
tpil
m. %yr;nry;fs; tiffs;
1. fUtpd; %yr;nry;fs;
2. KjpHe;j my; yJ cly; %yr;nry;fs;
M. ];nlk; nry; gz;Gfs;
1. ];nlk; nry;fs; rpwg;gilahj nry;fs;> ikl;lhrp]; Kiwapy; gpsTw;W
mjpf nry;fis cUthf;Fk; jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
2. %ynry;fs; xU Fwpg;gpl;l nraiyr; nra;Ak; jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
v.fh. ,d;Rypd; cw; gj;jp nra;Ak; gPl;lh nry;fs;

,. %yr;nry;fs; ngwg;gLjy;
fU%yr; nry;:
5. Ma;tfj;jpy; clYf;F ntspNa nraw;if Kiwapy; fU
cUthf;fg;gl;L mf;fUtpy; ,Ue;J ngWjy; .
cly;%yr;nry;
kdpjd; kw;Wk; caHtpyq;Ffspy; ,izg;Gj; jpR> jirr;jpR>
vYk;GkQ;ir Nghd;w NtWghL mile; j nry;fspy; cs; s NtWghL
milahj nry;fis gphpj;J ngUfr; nra;J fpilg;gJ.

2. Neha;jilf;fhg;G kz;lyk;

1. fyh Foe;ij ngw;Ws;shH. m. gpwe;j Foe; ijf;F Kjy; 6 khjq;fSf;Fs;
toq;f Ntz;ba Neha;j;jLg;G+rp ml;ltiziz vOJ


M. ,j;jLg;G+rp %yk; ve;nje; j Neha;fis jLf;f KbAk;.

tpil
m. jLg;G+rp ml;ltiz

t.vz; taJ jLg;G+rp msT
1 gpwe;jFoe;ij BCG Kjy; jtiz
2 15 ehl;fs; Nghypnahnrhl;L
kUe;J
Kjy; jtiz
3 6-tJ thuk; DPT (Kj;jLg;G
Crp)
Kjy; jtiz
4 10tJ thuk; DPT & NghypNah ,uz;lhk; jtiz
5 14-tJ thuk; DPT & NghypNah %d;whk; jtiz

M. jLg;G+rpfshy; jLf;fg;gLk; Neha;fs;
1. fhrNeha;
2. ,sk;gps;is thjk;
3. njhz;il milg;ghd;
4. ff;Fthd; ,Uky;
5. nll;ld];

2.. cq;fs; gFjpapy; kNyhpah gutpAs;sJ. m. ,jidf; fl;Lg;gLj;j cd;
gFjpapd; chpa mYtyHf;F MNyhrid toq;Ff.
M. kNyhpahtpd; rhpahd Neha; mwpFwpapid NjHe;njLj;J vOJf
tpil : FspH> eLf;fk; kw;Wk; fLk; fha;r;ry;> Ngjp.
m. kNyhpahitf; fl;Lg; gLj; j cjTk; topKiwfs;:
nfhRtsHr;rpiaj; jLf;f ePHj;Njq;fp ,Uf;Fk; ,lq;fis %lNtz;Lk; .
rhf;filapy; ePH Njq;fhky; ,Uf;f rhpahd Kiwapy; tbfhy; trjp nra;a
Ntz;Lk;.
njUf;fspy; nfhR tpul;Lthd; njspf;f Vw;ghL nra;aNtz;Lk;.
kf;fs; nfhRtiy gad;gLj;j mwpTiu $wNtz;Lk;.
Fsq;fspy; nfhRf;fspd; ,sk; caphp yhH;thf;fis cz;Zk; mapiu
kPid tsHf;f NTz;Lk;

3. mf;NlhgH 15 iffOTk; ehshf nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.
m. cd; ez;gDf;F if fOTk; ed;ikfisf; $Wf.
M. xU ehspy; ve;nje;j Neuq;fspy; if fOTjy; nra;tha;.
Tpil
m. if fOTjypd; ed;ikfs;
cs; sq;ifapy; cs; s Ez;fpUkpfSk;> khRfSk; czTld; fyg; gij
jLf;fyhk;.
tpuy; ,ilntspfis Rj;jkhf;fpdhy; nrhwp> rpuq;F tUtij
jLf;fyhk;.
tpuy; Edp> efq;fspy; efr;Rw;W tUtijj; jLf;fyhk;
njhw;WNeha; fpUkpfs; jhf;Ftijj; jLf;fyhk;.
M. if fOt Ntz;ba Neuq;fs;:
czT cl;nfhs;Sk; Kd;Dk;> gpd;Dk;
rpWePH fopj;j gpd;Gk;


foptiwf;Fr; nrd;W te;j gpd;Gk;
Ma;tfg; gapw;rpf;F gpd;Gk;
tpisahl;bw;F gpd;Gk;
midj;J tifahd Rfhjhuf;Nflhd nghUs;fis ifahz;lgpd;.

4. jhtuq;fspy; ,dg;ngUf; fk;.

1. m. fdp cUthFk; epfo;r;rpiaf; $W.
M. ,e;epfo;r;rpfis RUf;fkhf tpthp
,. ,e;epfo;tpid Fwpf;Fk; glj; jpid tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwp.

tpil
m. fUTWjypd; tpisthf fdp cUthfpwJ.
M. fdp cUthFk; epfo;T
kfue;jj;J}s; R+y; KbapypUe;J Kisf;f Muk; gpf;fpwJ.
kfue;jj;J}spy; cs; s cly;nry; Kisj; J kfue;jf;FoyhfpwJ.
cw;gj; jp nry; kfue;jf; Fohapy; gphpe;J Mz;NfkPl;Lfs; cUthfpwJ.
kfue;jf;Foy; ntbj;J Mz;NfkPl;Lfs; fUg;igf;Fs; nry;fpwJ.
mz;lj;Jld; xU Mz; NfkPl;Lk;. 2-k; epiy cl;fUTld; (epA+f;spa];)
kw;nwhU Mz;NfkPl;Lk; ,izfpwJ.
,e;j ,iztpw;F fUTWjy; vd;W ngaH.
KOikaile;j fUTw;w Kl;il ifNfhl; vdg;gLk; . ,J fUthf
tsHfpwJ.
,. fUTWjy;

2. m. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspy; eilngWk; ghypdg; ngUf;f Kiwapy; <LgLk; ,uz; L
epfo;Tfis vOJf. M. kjy; epfo;T kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; tiffis tpthpf;f.
,. mjdpd; ed;ik jPikfis vOJf.
m. G+f;Fk; jhtuq;fspy; eilngWk; ghypdg;ngUf;f epfo;Tfs; ,uz;L.
1. kfue;j NrHf;if 2. fUTWjy; .
M. Kjy; epfo;T kfue; jr;NRHf;if
kfue;jj;J}s; R+y; Kbia milAk; nray;
Gwf;fhuzpfs; fhw;W> ePH> G+r;rpfs;
kfue;jr; NrHf;if ,uz;L tifg;gLk;
1. jd;kfue;jr; NrHf;if 2. may; kfue; jr; NrHf;if


jd; kfue; jr; NrHf;if (Ml;NlhNfkp)
xU kyhpd; kfue;jJ}s; mNj kyhpy; cs; s R+y; Kbia nrd;W
miltNjh my;yJ mNj jhtuj;ijr; NrHe;j kw;nwhU kyhpd; R+y;
Kbia nrd;wiltNjh jd; kfue; jr; NrHf;if vdg;gLk; .
may;kfue;jr;NrHf;if (myNyhNfkp)
xU kyhpd; kfue;jj;J}s; kw;nwhU jhtuj; jpd; kyhpy; cs; s R+y;
Kbia nrd;wiltNjh my; yJ mNj ,dj;ijr; NrHe;j kw;nwhU
jhtuj;ij nrd;wiltNjh may; kfue;jr; NrHf;if vdg;gLk; .
,.. jd;kfue;j NrHf;ifapd; ed;ikfs; :
,Ughy; kyHfspy; kfue;jr;NRHf;if fl;lhakhf eilngWk;.
Gwfhuzpfs; Njitapy;iy
kfue;jj;J}s; tPzhtjpy;iy

jd;kfue;jr;NrHf;ifapd; jPikfs;
Fiwe;j vz;zpf;ifapy; tpijfs; cUthFk;.
tpijfs; kpf eyptile;j jhtuq;fisNa cUThf;Fk;.
Gjpa tif jhtuq;fs; cUthf;fhJ.
may;kfue; jr;NrHf;fiapd; ed;ikfs;
Gjpa ufq;fs; cUthFk;
jplkhd jhtuq;fs; cUthFk;
ed;F Kisf;Fk; jpwDila tpijfs; cUthFk;.

3. fUTWjypd; tpisthf cUthtJ fdp> fUTWjy; eilngwhky; VNjDk; fdp
cUthfpwjh? fdpfs; tifghl;bd; ml;ltiziaj; jUf.
fUTWjy; eilngwhky; fdpfs; cUthFk;
mf;fdpfs; fUTwhf;fdp my; yJ ghHj;jpNdhfhHgpf; fdp vdg;gLk;.



fdpfs;tifghL

fdp

jdpf;fdp jpus;fdp $l;Lf;fdp

rijg;gw;Ws;s cyHfdp Nrhuhrp]; irf;Nfhd];
fdp

KOrijf; cs; xl;L cyHntb cyHntbahf; gpsTf;fdp
fdp rijf;fdp fdp fdp
1.ngHhp l;&g; 1.,UGwntb 1. mfpd; 1. nyhnkz;lk;
2.n`];nghpbak; fdp(ny$k;)
3.Nghk;. 2.xUGwntbfdp 2.Nfhpahg;]p]; 2. fphpNkhfhHg;
4. ngg;Ngh 3. fhg;R+y; 3.rpg;nry;yh 3. nuf;kh
miwntbfdp jLg;Gr;RtH
miwntbfdp

4. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu tpij mikg;ig tpthp (mtiu)

tpij jbj;J> Kl;il tbtk; nfhz;L nky;ypajhf xUGwk; tise;J
fhzg;gLk; .
nky;ypa tise; j gFjpapy; ePs;tl;lj;jpy; ntz;ikahd rw;W jbj;j u/Ng
vd;w mikg;G cs; sJ.
u/Ngapd; xU Edpapy; tsHJis my;yJ ikf;Nuhigy; vd;w rpwpa Jis
cs; sJ.
fUtpd; ika mr;rpy; rijg; gw;Ws;s ,Utpij ,iyfs; ,ize; Js; sd.


ika mr;rpd; xU Kidapy; KisNtUk; kw;nwhU Kidapy;
Kisf;FUj;Jk; cs; sd.

5. jpus;fdp> $l;Lf;fdp jFe;j vLj;Jf; fhl;LfSld; xg;gpLf

jpus; fdp $l;Lf;fdp
jdp kyhpypUe;J cUthFk; kQ;rhpapypUe;J cUthFk;
jdpj;j xt; nthU R+y;ypiyAk; rpW
fdpahf tsHr;rp milfpwJ.
kQrhpapYs;s vy;yh kyHfSk;
rijg;gw;Ws;sjhf khwp kpfTk;
neUf;fkhf mike;J fdpahf
cUthfpwJ.
xU fhk;gpy; gy fdpfs; NrHe;J
nfhj;jhf fhzg;gLk;
gyhf; fhk;G jbj;J rijg;gw;Wilajhf
khWfpwJ.
fdpj;Njhy; ,Wf;fkhf fhzg;gLk; fdpj;Njhy; igNghd;W xU tpijAld;
fhzg;gLk;
kyl;L kyHfs; fhzg;gLk;
v.fh. nel;bypq;fk;> rPjhg;gok;
kyl;L kyHfs; cz;Zk;
G+tpjo;fSf;fpilNa fhzg;gLk;
v.fh. mj;jp> gyhg;gok;

myF - 7

gFjp - , Rw;Wr;R+oy; ghJfhg;G

1. m. fPo;f;fz;l nghUs;fis tifg; gLj;Jf. fl;il> fhfpjk;> gpsh];bf;> Gw;fs;.
M. cd;Dila tifghl;bw;fhd tpsf;fj;ij jUf.
Tpil:
m. tifghL :
1. fl;il> fhfpjk;> Gw;fs; - capH rpijtilAk; foptfs;
(kl;Fk; foptfs; )
2. gpsh];bf; - capH rpijtilahf; foptfs; (kl;fhj fopTfs;)
M. tpsf;fk; :
1. fl;il fhfpjk;> Gw;fs; Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghLfshy; rpijtile;J
tpLk;. vdNt ,jw;F capH rpijtilAk; fopT nghUl;fs; vd;W ngaH.
2. gpsh];bf; Ez;Zaphpfspd; nray;ghLfshy; rpijtilahJ.
vdNt ,f;fopTfSf;F capH rpijtilahf; fopTg;nghUs; vd;W ngaH.

2. cq;fSila gFjpapy; ePHjl;Lg;ghl;bdhy; kf;fs; mtjpAWfpwhHfs;. vdNt
ePHjl;Lg;ghl;bid jtpHf;f vd;ndd;d Kiwfis ifahStP Hfs;.
Tpil
ePHj;jl;Lg;ghl;bid jtpHf;f Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; eltbf;iffs;:
1. Nkfj;jpy; Ntjpg;nghUs;fs; J}Tjy;
ePH NfhHj;j Nkfq;fspy; nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL Jfs;fis J}tpdhy;
kionghopT Vw;gLk;.

2. cg;GePiuf; FbePuhf khw;Wjy;
fly; ePiu FbePuhf khw;w jiyfPo; rt; T+L guty; Kiw gad;gLfpwJ.
3. mizfs;> ePH Njf;fq;fs;


mizfs; kw;Wk; ePH Njf;fq;fspy; mjpfkhf ePiu Nrkpj;J Foha;fs;
kw;Wk; fhy;tha;fs; %yk; Njitg; gLk; ,lq;fSf;F ePiu nfhz;Lnry; yyhk;.
4. kioeP H Nrfhpg;G
tP Lfspd; Nkw;$iu kw;Wk; ikjhdq;fspy; tpOk; kioeP iu epyj; jbapy;
Nrkpj;J kioeP H Nrfhpg;G MFk;. ,jdhy; epyj;jb ePH mjpfhpf;Fk;.
5. njhopw;rhiyfspy; Nrkpj;jy;
,ae;jpuq;fis FspHtpf;f gad;gLj;Jk; eP iu kW Row;rp %yk; kPz;Lk;
gad;gLj; jyhk;

3. Gif> Gif vq;F Nehf;fpDk; Gif kz;lyk; ,r;R+oy; cly; eyj; jpw;F Vw; wjh
vd;gij Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhah? fhp vhpg;gjdhy; Vw;gLk; jPik gaf;Fk; nray;fis
gl;baypLf.
Tpil:
Vw;Wf;nfhs;stpy;iy
fhp vhpg;gjdhy; Vw;gLk; jPikfs;
1. epyf;fhpapy; cs; s fe;jfj;Jfs;fs; mkpy kioia cUthf;Fk;.
2. epyj;jb ePH kwWk; ePH ts Mjhuq;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
3. ePH kw;Wk; epyk; khR milfpwJ.
4. fhp khR Jfs;fs; cUthfpwJ.
5. ghjurk;> ANudpak; kw;Wk; MHrdpf; fye;j fyit kdpjDf;F jPq;F
tpistpg;gNjhL R+o;epiy kz;lyj;ijAk; ghjpf;fpwJ.



9.fiury;fs;;
I. XU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs;
1. xU fiurypd; Jfs;fs; kP Ez;Nzhf;fp topNa njhptjhy;
mf; fiury; $o;kf;fiury; vdg;gLk; .
2. Cg;gpd; fiujpwd; 100 fpuhk; jz;zPhpy; 36 fpuhk; MFk;.20
fpuhk; cg;G>100fp ePhpy; fiuf;fg;gl;lhy; njtpl;ba epiyia
mila ,d;Dk; vj;jid fpuhk; cg;G Njitg;gLk;? 16fpuhk;.
3. ,Ukbf; fiurypy; cs;s cWg; Gf; fspd; vz;zpf; if ,uz;L.
4. Mo;fly; Kj;Jf; Fspg;gth;fs; Rthrpf; fg; gad;gLj;Jk
thAf; fyit `P ypak;-Mf;]p[d;
5. xU cz;ikf; fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs; fiug;ghdhy;
Md xU gbj;jhd fiury; rhf;gP]; Jfs;fs; jz;zPhpy;
fiue;j fiury; gy gbj;jhd fyitahFk;.,J xU njhq;fy;
MFk;.
6. Nrhbak; FNshiubd; fiu jpwd; 36fpuhk;
7. Nrhbak; iel;Nul;bd; fiujpwd; 92fpuhk;.
8. cz;ikf fiurYf; F xU v-fh jUf.rh;f;fiu
fiury;>cg; Gf; fiury;.
9. fhh;gd;il ry;igilf; fiug;ghdf; nfhz;l fiury; ePuw;w
fiury;(ePhpyp fiury;)
10. #hpa xsp Ek; tFg;gpd; [d;dy; topahf tUk;NghJ mjd;
ghij njhptjd; fhuzk; xspapd; rpjwy;
11. Gtpapd; kzw;gug; G xU Fwpg;gpl;l mstpw;F Nky; iel;u[id
jd;Ds; nfhs;s Kbahj epiy njtpl;baepiy. vdg;gLk.
12. xU ntg;gk; nfhs; nray;Kiwapy; ntg;g epiyia; mjpfhpf
Fk; NghJ fiujpwd; mjpfhpf; fpwJ.
13. bz; lhy; tpisT $o;kf; fiury; Jfs;fspd; xspiaf;
rpjwbf;Fk; gz;ig tpsf;FfpwJ.
14. Nrhlh ePh; ePh;kj;jpy; cs;s thA tiff;fiurYf;F Xh; v-fh.
15. Gpnusdpad; ,af; fj;Jld; njhlh;GilaJ $o;kq;fs;;
16. ePuw;w fiurypy; gad;gLk; fiug;ghDf;F XhpU v-fh jUf.
ngd;rPd;> <jh;.
17. fiujpwd; kPjhd mOj;jj;jpd; tpisit tpsf;f gad; gLk;
tpjp n`d;wpapd; tpjp.
18. kdpj clypy; cs;s fiury;fs; ,uj;jk;;> epzePh;.
II.a) nghUj;Jf.
1. ePh;j;j fiury;-ePh; fiunghUs;
2. $o;kf;fiury;-gphpif epiyik gphpif Clfk;
3. fiury;- fiug;ghd; fiunghUs;
4. njhq;fy; -fiug;ghd; fiuahj Jfs;fs;
5. cz;ikf; fiury;-rh;f;fiu fiury;
6. ghy; -$o;kf; fiury;


7. Rz;zhk;G ePh;- njhq;fy;
8. ngd;rPd;-ePuw;w fiug; ghd;
9. $o;kj;Jfo;fspd; ,af; fk;-gpnusdpad; ,af; fk;
10. Xspr;rpjwy;-bz; lhy; tpisT
b) jtWfis Rl;bf; fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf.
1. fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs;> fiug;ghdhy; Md ,Ugbj;jhd
fyitahFk;.
fiury; vd;gJ fiunghUs;> fiug;ghdhy; Md xUgbj;jhd
fyitahFk;.
2. xU njtpl;ba fiurypy; NkYk; fiu nghUis fiuf; f
,aYk;.
xU njtpl;ba fiurypy; NkYk; fiu nghUis fiuf; f
,ayhJ.
3. fiujpwd;>fiug;ghd; kw; Wk; fiunghUs; jd;ikia nghUj;jJ
my;y.
fiujpwd;>fiug;ghd; kw;Wk; fiunghUs; jd;ikia nghUj;jJ
4 $o;kj;Jfo;fs; kPJ xspahdJ gl;L rpjWk; epiyNa
gpnusdpad; ,af; fk; vdg;gLk;.
$o;kj;Jfo;fs; kPJ xspahdJ gl;L rpjWk; epiyNa
bz; lhy; tpisT vdg;gLk;;.
c) 1. FWfpa tpilasp.
Nkw;fz; l ml;ltizapypUe;J eptP h; czUk; cz;ikfis vOJf.
Ntjpg;nghUs; fiujpwd;(25
0
Cntg;g epiy)
Nacl 36fp
NaBr 95fp
NaI 184fp
100 fp ePhpy; 36fp Nacl fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj;
jUfpwJ.
100 fp ePhpy; 95fp NaBr fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj;
jUfpwJ.
100 fp ePhpy; 184fp NaI fiuf;Fk; NghJ njtpl;ba fiuriyj;
jUfpwJ.
2. njtpl;ba fiurYf;Fk; njtpl;lhj fiurYf;Fk; cs;s
NtWghLfis fPNo nfhLf; fg;gl;l Fwpg;Gfs; %yk; jUf.m)16fp Nacl
100fp ePhpy; M)36fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy;(Fwpg;G:Nacl d; fiujpwd;36fp)
t.vz; njtpl;ba fiury; njtpl;lhj fiury;
1 36fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy 16fp Nacl 100fp ePhpy;
2 fiujpwDf;Fr; rkkhd
fiunghUisf; nfhz;l epiyahd
fiury;
Fiwe;j msT fiu
nghUisf; nfhz;l
fiury;
3 NkYk; fiu nghUisf; fiuf;f
,ayhJ.
njtpl;Lk; epiy
milAk; tiu fiu


nghUisf; fiuf;fyhk;.
4. ntg;gepiyia cah;j;jpdhy;
NkYk; fiunghUis fiuf; fyhk;
mNj ntg;gepiyapy;
fiunghUis
fiuf;fyhk;

3.rh;f;fiuia ePhpy; fiuj;J>njtpl;ba fiuriy cUthf; fpa gpd;
Nkw;nfhz; L rh;f;fiuia fiuf; f KbAkh?Ek; vz;zj;ijj; jUf.
mNj ntg;g epiyapy; rh;f;fiuia fiuf; fKbahJ.
ntg;g epiyia cah;j;jpdhy; NkYk; fiuf; f KbAk; .
4.cz;ikf;fiuriy $o; k fiurypypUe;J NtWgLj;Jf.
cz;ikf; fiury; $o;k fiury;
1
Jfs; msT 1A-10A Jfs; msT 10A-200A
2 Ez;Nzhf; fp %yk;
ghh;f;fyhk;
Ez;Nzhf; fp %yk; ghh;f;fKbAk;
3 XU gbj;jhdit gy gbj;jhdit
4 vspjpy; guTk; nkJthfg; guTk;
5 Xspiar; rpjwr; nra;ahJ Xspiar; rpjwr; nra;Ak;.

5. bz;lhy; tpisT vd;why; vd;d?
xspahdJ $o;kj;Jfs;fspd; kPJ gl;Lr; rpjwbf; fg;gLk; epfo;Nt
bz; lhy; tpisT vdg;gLk;.
6. gpnusdpad; ,af;fk; vd;why; vd;d?
njhlh;e;J xOq;fpy;yh epiyapy; ,aq;Fk; $o;kj;Jfspd;
,af; fNk gpnusdpad; ,af;fk;.
7. fiujpwd; tiuaW.
xU Fwpg;gl;l ntg;gepiyapy; vj;jid fpuhk; fiunghUs; 100fp
fiug;ghdpy; fiue;J njtpl;ba epiyia milfpwNjh mJNt
fiujpwd; MFk;.
8.n`d;wp tpjpiaf; $W.
xU Fwpg;gpl;l gUkdsT ePh;kj;jpy; fiue;Js;s thAtpd; epiw
mjd; kPJ nrYj;jg;gl;l mOj;jj;jpw;F Neh;tpfpj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;.
9.G+h;j;jp nra;f.
fiu nghUs; fiug;ghd; v.fh
jpz;kk; jpz;kk; cNyhff; fyit
jpz;kk; ePh;kk; rh;f;fiu fiury;
jpz;kk; thA Gif
ePh;kk; jpz;kk; ghyilf; fl;b
ePh;kk; thA Nkfk;

10.mZf; fSk;>%yf; $WfSk;


gphpT-M
I.nghUj;Jf.
1)XuZ %yf; $W-epahd;
2)<uZ %yf; $W-FNshhpd;
3)%tZ %yf; $W-XNrhd;
4) gd;k mZ %yf;$W-ry;gh;
5)STP-y;; Nkyhh; gUkd;-22.4yp
6. Ntw;wZ %yf; $W ePh;
7. mNthNfl;Nuh vz;. 6.023 x 10
23
8 My;gh;l; Id;];Bd; epiw - Mw;wy; - njhlh;G
II. jtWfisr; Rl;b fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf.
1)xU mZ epiw myF vd;gJ c-12 mZepiwapd; 12 klq;F.
xU mZ epiw myF vd;gJ c-12 mZepiwapd; 1/12 klq;F.
2)INrhNlhd; fs; epiw vz; zpy; xj;jpUf; fpd;wd.
INrhNlhd;fs; epA+l;uhd;fspd; vz;zpf; ifapy; xj;jpUf;fpd;wd.
3)XNrhd; xU Ntw; W mZ %yf; $W.
XNrhd; xU xj;j mZ %yf;$W.
III. FWfpa tpilasp.
1.mZf; fSf; Fk;>%yf;$WfSf;Fk; cs;s NtWghl;il tpsf; Ff.
mZf; fs; ;%yf; $Wfs;
xU jdpkj;jpd; mbg;gil Jfs;fs; xU jdpkk;/Nrh;kj;jpd; kpf vspa
mikg;gpd; myF
gpizg;Gwhj Jfs; gpizg;Gw;w Jfs;
jdpj;Njh my;yJ Nrh;e;Njh
fhzg;gLk;
jdpj;Jf; fhzg;gLk;

2.ePhpd; fpuhk; %yf;$W epiwia fz; fpLf.
i`l;u[dpd; mZepiw 1fp>Mf; ]p[dpd; mZepiw 16f
ePhpd; %yf; $W epiw 2(1)+ 1(16)=18fp
3.Co
2
thAtpd; fpuhk; %yf; $W epiwia fzf;fpLf.
fhh;gdpd; mZepiw 12 Mf;]p[dpd; mZepiw 16
Co
2
%yf; $W epiw 1(12)+2(16)=12+32=44fp
4.iel;u[dpd; %yf; $W epiw-28.mjd; mZepiw 14. iel;u[dpd;
mZf; fl;L vz;izf;fhz;f.
mZf; fl;L vz;= %yf; $Wepiw/mZepiw=28/14=2
5.iel;u[d;(N
2
)>Mf; ]p[d;(O
2
) Mfpatw;iw Vd; <wZ %yf;$W vd
$WfpNwhk;?
iel;u[d;(N
2
)>Mf;]p[d;(O
2
) -y; xU %yf; $wpy; 2 mZf; fs;
cs;sJ. vdNt ,ij <uZ %yf; $W vd;fpNwhk;. fhuzk; iel;u[d;
kw;Wk; Mf; [p]d; jdpj;J ,Uf; f KbahJ.
6.mNthfhl;Nuh tpjpiaf; $W.
xNu ntg;gepiy xNu mOj;jk; nfhz; l rk gUkDs;s thAf;fs; rk
msT vz;zpf; ifAs;s %yf;$Wfisg; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.


7. xU jdpkj;jpd; midj;J mZf;fSk;> midj;Jg; gz;GfspYk;
xj;jpUf; f Ntz; ba mtrpakpy;iy. Vd; fhuzk; $W
INrhNlhg;Gfs; xNu jdpkkhf ,Ue;jhYk;> mjd; mZ epiw
NtWghl;lhy; mjd; ,aw;gpay; gz; Gfspy; NtWghL cs;sJ.
v.fh.
17
Cl
35
,
17
Cl
37

8.NfYhrhf; tpjpiaf; $W.
Xj;j ntg;gepiy kw;Wk; mOj;jj;jpy; thAf;fs; xd;NwhL xd;W tpid
GhpAk; NghJ tpidgL nghUspd; gUkDk;>tpid tpis nghUspyd;
gUkDk; vspa tpfpjj;ijg; ngw;wpUf; ;Fk;.
9.INrhNlhg;Gfs; vd;why; vd;d?
Xj;j mZ vz; Zk;> NtWgl;l epiw vz;Zk; nfhz; l xNu jdpkj;jpd;
ntt;NtW mZf;fs; INrhNlhg;Gfs; vdg;gLk;.v-fh
17
C1
35
17
C1
37
10.
INrhghh;fs; tiuaW.
xj;j epiw vz;Zk; >NtWgl;l mZ vz;Zk; nfhzl ntt; NtW jdpkq;fspd;
mZf;fs; INrhghh;fs; vdg;gLk;.v-fh
18
Ar
40
,
20
Ca
40

11.INrhNlhd;fs; vd;why; vd;d?
xj;j epAl; uhd; vz; zpf;ifAk;>NtWgl;l mZ vz;izAk;> NtWgl;l epiw vz;izAk;
nfhz;l nttNtW jdpkqfspd; mZf;fs; INrhNlhd;fs vdg;gLk;.
v-fh
6
C
13
,
7
N
14
.
12 Nkhyhh; gUkd; tiuaW.
STP-y; xU Nkhy; thAtpd; gUkd; 22.4l. ,JNt Nkhyhh; gUkd;.
13. Nkhy; tiuaW.
nghUspd xU fpuhk %yf;$W epiwNa xU Nkhy; MFk;.
Ie;J kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;.
1.etP d mZf;nfhs;ifapd; Nfhl;ghLfis tpthp.

Ntjp tpidapy; <LgLk; kpfr; rpwpa Jfs; mZ.

mZf;fs; gpsf;ff;$baJ.
XU jdpkj;jpd midj;J mZf;fSk; mizj;J gz; GfspYk; xj;J ,Ug;gjpy;iy.v-fh
INrhNlhg;Gfs;
17
C1
35
17
C1
37
ntt;NtW jdpkq;fs; rpy gz; Gfspy; xj;:J ,Uf;fpd;wd.

18
Ar
40
20
Ca
40

Id;]; Bd; rkd;ghL
E=mc
2

d; gb xU jdpkj;jpd; epiwia Mw;wyhf
khw;wKbAk;.
2.%yf;$W

epiwf;Fk; Mtp mlh;j;jpf; Fk; cs;s njhlh;ig tUtp.



xg;G %yf; $W epiw= xg;G %yf;$W epiw vd;gJ thA my;yJ
Mtpapy; cs;s xU %yf; $wpd; epiwf;Fk; XU i`l;u[d;
mZtpd; epiwf;Fk; cs;s tpfpjkhFk;.
thAtpd; xg; G %yf; $W epiw=thA my;yJ Mtpapd; xU%yf; $W epiw
XU i`l;u[d; mZtpd; epiw
Mtp mlh;j;jp Mtp mlh;j;jp vd;gJ khwh ntg;gepiy kw;Wk;
khwh mOj;jj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;l gUkDs;s xU Mtpapd; epiwf;Fk;>mjw;F
rk gUkDs;s i`l;u[d; epiwf;Fk; cs;s tpfpjkhFk;.

Mtp mlh;j;jp= xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
xU gUkDs;s i`l;u[dpd; epiw.
mNthnfl;uh tpjpg;gb>
xU gUkDs;s Mtp my;yJ thAtpd; epiw
Mtp mlh;j;jp= ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
xU gUkDs;s i`l;u[dpd; %yf; $W epiw.
i`l;u[d; <uZ %yf; $W Mjyhy;>
Mtp mlh;j;jp= ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2x1 i`l;u[d; mDtpd; epiw
2xMtp mlh;j;jp= ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 i`l;u[d; mDtpd; epiw
2xMtp mlh;j;jp= Mtp my;yJ thAtd; xg;G %yf; $W epiw
2xMtp mlh;j;jp= xg;G %yf;$W epiw
3. mNthNfl;uh tpjpapd; gad;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
1.thAf; fspd; mZf; fl;L vz;iz fzf; fpl cjTfpwJ.
2.thAr;Nrh;kq;fspd; %yf; $W tha;ghl;il fzf; fpl cjTfpwJ.
3.%yf;$W epiwf;Fk;> Mtp mlh;j;jpf; Fk; cs;s njhlh;ig
tpsf;FfpwJ.
4.STP-y; thAf; fspd; Nkhyhh; gUkd; (22.4)yp) fzf;fpl cjTfpwJ.
5. NfYhrhf; tpjpia njspthf tpsf; FfpwJ.
11.Ntjp tpidfs;
gphpT-m
xU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpilfs;
1.Zn+2HCl---ZnCl
2
+H
2
Nkw;$wpa tpid ve;j tpidiar; rhh;e;jJ?
,lg;ngah;r;rp tpid
2.nrk;gOg;G epwKs;s x vd;w jdpkj;ij fhw; Wld; ntg; gg;gLj;Jk; NghJ y vd;w
fUg;G epw Nrh;kj;ij jUfpwJ. X kw;Wk; y vd;gJ Cu,Cuo
3.xU khztd; P
H
jhisf; nfhz;L Jh ePhpd; P
H
I Nrhjpj;jhd;. P
H
jhs; gr;;ir epwj; ij
fhl;baJ.vOkpr;ir gor;rhw;iw ephpDs; tpl;lgpd; fhfpjk; rptg;G epwkhf khwpaJ.


4.Ntjp vhpkiy vd;gJ rpijTWjy; tpid
5.nyl; iel;Nul; gbfq;fis mjpf msT ntg; gg;gLj;Jk; NghJ mJ NO
2

thAitf; nfhLf;fpwJ.kw;Wk; me;j thAtpd; epwk; nrk;gOg;G
6.rpy;th; iel;Nul; kw;Wk; Nrhbak; FNshiuL ePh;f;fiury;fisf; fyf; Fk; NghJ
nts;is tPo;gbT fpilf;fpwJ.
7.gw;rpijit jLf;f ehk; gy; Jyf;f Ntz;Lk; .nghJthf gad;gLj; jg; gLk; gw; gir
fhuj;jd;ik nfhz;lJ.
8.mrpl;bf; mkpyj;jpy; tpdpfh; cs; sJ.
japhpy; cs; s mkpyk; yhf;bf; mkpyk;
9.P
H
=log
10
[H+] xU fiurypd; i`l;u[d; madp nrhpT 0.0019 vdpy; mjd; p H
kjpg;G 3
10.Rl;l Rz;zhk;G ePUld; tpid Ghpe;J ePh;j; j Rz;zhk;ig cUthf;Fk; tpid
xU ntg;g ckpo; tpid.
11. FSf;Nfhi] ehtpy; itf; Fk; NghJ rpy;nyd;w czh;T cz;lhf fhuzkhz
tpid ntg;g nfhs; tpid.
12. nghl;lhrpak; FNshNul; ntg; g rpijT milAk; tpidA+f;fp khq;fdPR il
Mf;irL.
13. czTg; nghUl;fis ghJfhf;f Nrhbak; ngd;NrhNal; gad;gLfpwJ.
14.tapw;W cghijfSf;F kUe;jhf gad; gLtJ nkf;dPrpak; i`l;uhf;irL.
15.nghl;lh\; gbfhuk; ,ul;il cg;gpw;F xh; v-fh MFk;.
16.ghhP]; rhe;jpd; %yf;$Y tha;ghL CaSO
4
.1/2H
2
O.
17.fhw;W milf;fg;gl;l ghdq;fspy; cs; sJ.fhh;ghdpf;mkpyk;.
18.,Uk;G JUg;gpbj;jy; Mf;]pNdw;w tpid.
19. FbePiu nke;ePuhf khw;w gad;gLk; Nrh;kk; ryit Nrhlh.
20.P
H
+P
OH
=14 XU nghUspd; P
OH
kjpg;G 3 vdpy mjd; P
H
kjpg;G 11.
21.gr;irepw jhkpu fhh;gNdl #L gLj; jpdhy; fUik epwkhf khWfpwJ.
22.mYkpdpak; ry;Ngl; fiurypy; cs; s mYkpdpa cNyhfj;ij Jj;jehfk;
,lg;ngah;r;rp nra;fpwJ.Vndd;why; Jj; jehfk; mYkpdpaj;ij tpl tpidj;jpwd;
kpf;fJ.
gphpT-M
II.1
1)nghUj;Jf.
1.Mg;gps;- khypf; mkpyk;
2.jpuhl;ir-lhh;lhhpf; mkyk;
3.japh;-yhf;bf; mkpyk;
4.jf;fhsp- Mf;]hypf; mkpyk;
5.ghhP]; rhe;J- Kwpe;j vYk;Gfis xl;litj;jy;
6.kdpj ,uj;jk;-P
H
7.35-7.45
7.ckpo; ePh;- P
H
6.5-7.5
8.czTg;nghUs; ghJ fhg;G-Nrhbak; ngd;NrhNal;
2.
1. Rz;zhk;Gf; fy; iy #L gLj;Jk; NghJ 2.nkf;dPrpa ehlhit fhw;wpy;
vhpf;Fk;NghJ ve;j tifahd Ntjptpidfs; epfOk?
1)rpijTWjy; tpid CaCO
3
CaO+CO
2

2)Mf;rp[Ndw;w tpid Mg+O
2
2MgO.
3. ed;F njhpe;j rpy nghUl;fspd PH nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ml;ltizia Ma;T
nra;J fPo;fhDk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp.
nghUs; PH kjpg;G
,uj;jk; 7.4


rikay; Nrhlh 8.2
tpdpfh; 2.5
tP l;L cgNahf mk;Nkhdpah 12
m) ve;j nghUl;fs; mkpyj;jd;ik cilait?
tpdpfh;
M)ve;j nghUs;fs; fhuj;jd;ik cilait?
,uj;jk;>rikay; Nrhlh >>tPl;L cgNahf mk; Nkhdpah
4.,Uk;G Mzpia jhkpu ry;Ngl; fiurypDs; itf; Fk; NghJ jhkpu ry;Ngl; Vd;
epwk; khWfpwJ? tpsf;Ff.
,t; tpidapy; ,Uk;G>jhkpu ry;Ngl;by; cs; s jhkpuj;ij ,lg;ngah;r;rp
nra;tjhy; epwk; khWfpwJ.
Fe+Cu SO
4
FeSO
4
+Cu
fhuzk:,Uk;G jhkpuj;ij tpl tpid jpwd; kpf;fJ.
5.rk ePsKs;s nkf;dPrpa ehlhit Nrhjidf;Foha; A kw;Wk; B apy;
vLj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. Nrhjidf;Foha; A apy; i`l;Nuh FNshhpf; mkpyj;ijAk;>
Nrhjidf;Foha; Bapy; mrpl;bf; mkpyj;ijAk; Nrh;f;fTk;. ,uz;L mkpyq;fspd;
msTk; nrwpTk; rkkhf cs; sd.mtw; wpy; ve; j Nrhjidf;Fohapy; tpid mjpfk;
tP hpaj;jld; eilngWfpwJ.Vd;?
Nrhjidf;Foha; A apd; tpid mjpf tP hpaj;Jld; eilngWk; fhuzk;
i`l;Nuh FNshhpf; mkpyk; -typik kpF mkpyk;> tpid jpwd; kpf;fJ.
mrpl;bf; mkpyk;(fhpk mkpyk;) typik Fiwe; j mkpyk;>tpid jpwd; FiwT.
6.xU fiurypd; i`l;uhf;]py; madpapd; nrhpT 1x10
-8
M vdpy; mjd; P
H
kjpg;G vd;d?
P
OH=-log
10
[OH
-
]
=-log
10
(1x10
-8
)=8
P
H
+ P
OH
=14
P
H
=14- P
OH
=14-8=6
P
H
=6
12.jdpkq;fspd; Mth;j;jd tifg;ghL
I.xU kjpg;ngz; tpdh tpil
1.midj;Jk; fhpkr;Nrh;kq;fSf;Fk; mbg; gilahd jdpkk; 14 tJnjhFjpapy;
cs; sJ.
2.jhJtpypUe;J cNyhfkhdJ yhgfukhd Kiwapy; gphpj;J
vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.mYkpdpakhdJ ghf;irl;bypUe;J gphpe;J vLf;fg;gLfpwJ.,J jhJ
vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
3.jq;fk; vd;w jdpkk; Nrh;kkhf fpilg;gjpy;iy.,J fhw;W my;yJ ePUld;
tpidg;Ghptjpy;iy. ,J jdpj;j epiyapy; cs;sJ.
4. ry;igL jhJit mlh;g;gpf;F gad;gLk;Kiw Eiu kpjg;G Kiw
5. ,Uk;gpd; kPJ Jj;j ehf Jfs;fis nky; ypajhf G+rpdhy; mjw; F Jj; j ehf
Kyhk; G+Rjy; vd;W ngah;.
6. gw; Fopfis milf;f gad; gLk; ,urf;fyit Ag,Sn. ,urf;fyit.
7. %d;whtJ thpirapy; vl;L jdpkq;fs; cs; sd. mtw; wpy; vj;jid mNyhfq;fs;
cs; sd? 5(C,N,O,F,Ne)
8. %d;whtJ njhFjp Kjy; gd;dpuz;lhtJ njhFjp tiuapYs;s jdpkq;fs;
,ilepiy jdpkq;fs; .
9. ,uz;lhtJ njhFjp jdpkq;fs; fhu kz; cNyhfq;fs;
10. JUtpd; Ntjpg;ngah; ,Uk;G III Mf;irL
11. mYkpdaj;jpd; jhJ ghf;irL


12. ve;j cNyhfk; ghjurj;Jld; Nrh;e;jhYk; mjid ,urf;fyit vd;fpNwhk;
13. mYkpdpak; cNyhff;fyit thD}h;jpapd; ghfq;fis jahhpf;f gad;gLfpwJ.
14. mzpfyd;fspd; J}a;ikia fzf;fplg; gad;gLk; tha;ghL 22/24x100
15. ,Uk;gpd; mZ vz; 26> mjd; vnyf;l;uhd; mikg;G 2>8>14>2
16. etP d Mth;j;jd tpjpapd; gb jdpkq;fspd; ,aw;gpay; kw;Wk; Ntjpay;
gz;Gfs; mZ vz;Zf; F Vw;g Mth;j;jd Kiwapy; khWfpd;wd.
II nghUj;Jf
1.mYkpdpak; - Mfha tpkhdk;
2. jhkpuk; - ehzaq;fs;
3. njhFjp 17 N`y[d; FLk;gk;
4. nkf;dPrpak; --gr;irak;
5. ,Uk;G -`PNkhFNshgpd;
6. fhy;rpak; - vYk;G

2. ,Uk;G JUg;Gbg;gJ thiy tb ePhpy; elf;Fkh?cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf.
* thiy tb ePhpy; ,Uk;G JUg; gpbf;Fk; elf;Fk;
* fhw;W kw;Wk; ePuhy; ,Uk;G JUg; gpbf;Fk;
3. mYkpdpa Mf;irilf; fhp nfhz;L xLf;Fk; Kiwapy; mYkpdpa cNyhfj;ij
Vd; ngw KbahJ?
*mYkpdpak; xU rpwe;j Mf;]p[ndhLf;fp
*fhh;gid(fhp) tpl mYkpdpak; tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fJ.
4. ,Uk;G >mlh; HCl kw;Wk; mlh; H
2
SO
4
cld; tpidg;GhpfpwJ. Mdhy; mlh;
HNO
3
cld; tpidg;Ghptjpy;iy. cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf.
*mlh; HNO
3
cld; tpidg;GhpAk; NghJ ,Uk;G Mf;irL glyk; cUyhjhy; >
mUk;G jd; tpidj;jpwid ,of;fpwJ.
5. mYkpdpa cNyhff; fyit > thD}h;jpapd; ghfq;fis jahhpf;fg; gad;gLfpwJ.
cd; gjpYf;fhd fhuzk; $Wf.
*mYkpdpa cNyhff; fyit ,NyrhdJ.
*typikahdJ
*mhpg;ig jLg;gJ
6. X vd;w nts;sp Nghd;w ntz;ik epw cNyhfk; Mf;]p[Dld; Nrh;e;J Y iaj;
jUfpwJ. ,Nj Y vd;w Nrh;kkhdJ X ePuhtpAld; tpidGhpAk; NghJ i`l;u[id
ntspapl;L fpilf;fpwJ. X kw;Wk; Y iaf; fz;Lg; gpb
X mYkpdpak; Y: mYkpdh
4Al+3O
2
2Al
2
O
3
2Al +3H
2
O->Al
2
O
3
+3H
2

7. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; : njh;ikl; gw; w itg;ghdpy; mYkpdpaj;Jld; Fe
2
O
3
gad;glfpwJ.
fhuzk; : mYkpdpaj;Js; xU typikahd xLf;Fk; fhuzp .
cWjpg;gLj;Jjiy tpsf;Fk; tifapy; rhpahf cs; sjh Mk; . rhpahf cs; sJ.
Vnddpy; mYkpdpak; Fe
2
O
3
ia Fe ahf xLf;FfpwJ. Fe
2
O
3
+2Al 2Fe+Al
2
O
3

cWjpg;gLj; Jjy; : fhg; gh; ghj;jpuq;fis J}a; ikg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy vdpy; gr;irepw
gbkk; Njhd;WfpwJ.
fhuzk; : ,e;j gbkj;jpw;fhd fhuzk; fhu jhkpu fhh;gNdl;
tpil : cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; fhuzk; ,uz; Lk; rhp.


8.glk; tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwpf;fTk;

A--fpuhigl; jz; Lfs;
B-- fpuhigl; G+rg;gl;l,Uk;Gj;njhl;b
C- kpd; gFsp
D- J}a mYkpdpak;

13.fhh;gDk; mjd; Nrh;kq;fSk;
gphpT - m
1.gf;kpdp];lh; Gy;yhpd; fhh;gdpd; GwNtw;Wik tbtk;
2.fpuhigl; mNyhfkhf ,Ue;jhYk; kpd;rhuj;ij flj;JfpwJ.,J jdpj;j
vyf;uhd;fs; fhuzkhf flj;JfpwJ.
3. kPj;Njdpd; tha;ghL CH
4
mjidj; njhlUk; mLj;j C
2
H
6
<j;Njd;. ,J
,uz;bw;Fk; cs; s nghJthd NtWghL CH
2

4.my;ifd; FLk;gj; jpy; cs; s Kjy; nrh;kj;jpd; ngah; <j;Njd;
5.fPl;Nlhd; njhFjp kw;Wk; My;bi`L njhFjpapy; tpid nray; njhFjp ,Wjpapy;
cs; sJ? My;bi`L njhFjp
6.fhh;gdpd; ,idjpwd; 4.
7.fopTg;ghfpypUe;J vj;jdhy; jahhpg;gpy; gad;gLk; nehjp <];l;
8.v];luhFjy; tpidapd; tpida+f;fp mlh; H
2
SO
4

9.ngl;Nuhy; kw;Wk; vj;jdhy; fye;j fyitapd; ngah; Mw;wy; My;f`hy;
10.my;Nfd;fspd; nghJ %yf;$W tha;ghL C
n
H
2n+2
11.jdp My;f`hy; vd;gJ 100% Jha My;ffhy;
12.fhh;gh]pypf; mkpyj;jpd; tpid nray; njhFjp -COOH
13.vj;jdhiy fhuk; fye; j KMno
4
mkpyk; fye;j k
2
Cr
2
o
7
nfhz;L
Mf;]p[Ndw;wk; nra;Ak; NghJ cUthFk; mkpyk; vj;jdhapf; mkpyk;.
gphpT - M


1. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; :-fhpk Nrh;kq;fspy; cs; s gpizg; Gfs; rfgpizg;G jd;ik
cilait
fhuzk;: rf gpizg; ghdJ mZtpy; cs; s vyf;uhd;fs gq;fplg;gLtjhy;
cz;lhfpwJ.
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuzk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJ khdjhf cs; sjh?
Mk; NghJ khdjhf cs; sJ.
fhh;gd; jdJ 4 ,izjpwd; vyf;uhd;fs; %yk; kw;w mZf;fSld; gq;fPl;bd;
mbg;gilapNyNa gpizg; ig cUthf;FfpwJ.
2. cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; :-ituk; vd;gJ fhh;gdpd; GwNtw;Wik tbtkhFk;.
fhuzk;:
ituj;jpy; cs; s fhh;gd; ehd;Kfp tbtk; cilaJ.
tpil : ,y;iy> xt; nthU fhh;gd; mZTk; mLj;Js; s 4 fhhgd; mDf;fSld;
gpizg;Gw;W fbdkhd Kg;ghpkhd mikg;ig cUthf;FfpwJ.
3.cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;: Ra rfg;gpidg; gpd; fhuzkhf kpf mjpf msT fhh;gd;
Nrh;kq;fs; cUthfpd;wd.
fhuzk;::
fhh;gd; Nrh;kq;fs; GwNtw;Wik tbtj;jpd; gz; Gfis ngw;Ws;sd.
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuzk; cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJ khdjhf cs; sjh?
,y;iy> fhh;gdpd; ,izjpwd; 4vd;gjhy; 4 gpw fhh;gd; mZf;fSld; Nrh;e;J
gpizg;ig cUthf;f KbAk;.
4 cWjpg;gLj; Jjy;: vj;jdhy; ,ay; ig ,oe;jjhy; mJ Fbg; gjw;F Vw; wjy; y.
fhuzk;::
nkj;jdhy; Nrh;g;gjhy; vj;jdhy; ,ay;ia ,of;fpwJ.Nkw;$wpa fhuzk;
NghJ khdjhf cs; sjh?
,ij gUFtjhy; fz; ghh;it gwpNghjy;>caphpog;G Vw;glyhk;.
5.ituk; fhh;gDila GwNtw;Wik tbtq;fSs; xd;whFk;.mjd; fbdj;jd;ikf;fhd
fhuzj;ij $Wf.
ituj;jpy; cs; s xt; nthU fhh;gd; mZTk; kw;w 4 fhh;gd; mZf;fSld;
gpizg;Gw;W fbdkhd Kg;ghpkhd mikg;ig cUthfpwJ.
6.Nrhjidf; Fohapy; nfhLf;fg;;gl;Ls;s X vd;w jplg;nghUis mrpbf;
mkpyj;Jld;Nrh;j;J #LgLj;Jk;NghJ Y vd;w epwkw;w kzkw;w thA
ntsptUfpWj.
X kW;Wk; Y iaf; fz;Lgpb.
x- Na
2
CO
3

y-CO
2

2CH
3
COOH +Na
2
CO
3
---------->2CH
3
COONa+CO
2
+H
2
O
(X)
(Y)
7.C
4
H
10
vd;w %yf;$W tha;ghL nfhz;l mizj;J khw;wpaq;fiAk; vOjp
mjw;Fwpa IUPAC ngah;fis vOJ.
CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH
3
gpA+l;Nld;
CH
3
-CH-CH
3
2-nkj;jpy; Gnuhg;Ngd;.

8.CWfha; gjg;gLj;Jtjw;F gad;gLk; A vd;w fhpkNrh;kj;jpd; %yf;$W tha;g; ghL
C
2
H
4
O
2
,r;Nrh;kk; vj;jdhYld; tpdiGhpe;J ,dpa kdKila Biaj; jUfpwJ.
i) A kw;Wk; B Biaf; fz;Lgpb. ii) ,k;Kiwapd; nganuOjp> mjd; Ntjp
rkd;ghl;il vOJf.
i) A-mrpl;bf; mkpyk; B-vj;jpy; mrpNll;
ii)v];lh; Mf;Fjy; tpid


C
2
H
5
OH + CH
3
COOH -----> CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
+H
2
O
vj;jdhy; mrpl;bf; mkpyk; vj; jpy; mrpl;Nll;
9. C
2
H
6
O vd;w %yf;$W tha;g;ghLila A vd;w fhpkr;Nrh;kk; fhuk; fye;j
KMnO
4
Kd;dpiyapy; Mf;]pNdw;wk; mile; J mNj fhh;gd; vz;zpf;ifAs;s B
vd;w mkpyj;ij jUfpwJ. Nrh;kk; A MdJ kUj;Jtkidfspy; fhaq;fis
Rj;jg;gLj;j gad;gLfpwJ. Nrh;kk; A kw;Wk; B ia fz;Lgpb. A ia B ahf
khw;Wk; Ntjp rkd;g;hl;il jUf.
A) CH
3
-CH
2
-OH vj;jdhy;
B) CH
3
_COOH mrpl;bf; mkpyk;
CH
3
-CH
2
-OH ------- >CH
3
COOH + H
2
O
10. v];luhf;Fjy; tpidia vOJf.
vj;jdhy;> vj;jdhapf; mkpyj;Jld; mlh; H2SO4 Kd;dpiyapy; tpidGhpe;J vj;jpy;
vj;jNdhNal; vd;w v];liuAk;> ePiuAk; jUfpwJ.
C
2
H
5
OH + CH
3
COOH H
2
SO
4
CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
+ H
2
O
11. nehjpj;jy; : nehjpfspd; %ykhf xU fhpkr; NrHkj;jpy; nkJthf Ntjptpid
epfo;e;J rpwpa %yf;$Wfs; cUthtJ.
12. vhprhuhak; : vhprhuhak; vd;gJ 95.5% vj;jdhYk; 435% ePUk; fye;j fyit.
13. vj;jdhapf; mkpyj;jpd; gad;fs; :
1. tpdpfH jahhpf;f
2. Ma;tf fhuzpahf
3. ,ug;gH ghiy nfl;;bg;gLj;j

14. nghUj;Jf.
1. mkpyk; - COOH
2. My;bi`L - CHO
3. fPl;Nlhd; - C H O
4. My;f`hy; - OH
5. ituk; - fbdkhdJ
6. fpuh/igl; - kpUJthdJ
7. epyf;fhp - gbf tbtkw;wJ
8. /Gy; yhPd; - 60 fhHgd; mZf;fs;

gphpT ,

1. nfhLf;fg;gl;l ml;ltizapy; cs; s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug;gTk;
t.vz;. My;Nfd; My;yPd; My;Nfd;

1 C
2
H
6
<j;Njd; C
2
H
4
<j;jPd; C
2
H
2
<j;ijd;
2 C
3
H
8
GNuhg;Ngd; C
3
H
6
GNuhg;gPd; C
3
H
4
GNuhg;igd;
3 C
4
H
10
gpa+l;Nld; C
4
H
8
gpa+l;Bd; C
4
H
6
gpa+l;ild;

2. gbthpirahdJ icwl;Nuhfhh;gdpd; gz;Gfis tpsf;Fk; jd;ikAilaJ.
,f;$w;iw tpsf;Ff.
-gbthpirapYs;s mLj; jLj; j cWg;Gfspd; nghJ tpj;jpahrk; CH2
-%yf;$W epiw tpj;jpahrk; 14amu
-xU tifj; jdpkq;fisAk; tpidj;njhFjpfkisAk; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.


-gbthpirapYs;s midj;J cWg;GfisAk; xNu nghJ tha;g;ghl;by; Fwpf;ffyhk;.
v.fh:my;Nfd; C
n
H
2n + 2
-vy;yh Nrh;kq;fSk; xj;j Ntjptpidapy; <LgLfpd;wd.
3. gpd;tUtdtw;wpd; nghJg;ngah; kw;Wk; IUPAC ngah;fis vOJf.
Nrh;kk; nghJngah; IUPAC ngah;
CH
3
CH
2
- CHO GNuhg;gpadhy;bi`L GNuhg;ngdhy;
CH
3
-CO-CH
3
il nkj;jpy;
fPl;Nlhd;(mrpl;Nlhd;)
GNuhg;gNdhd;
CH3-CH-CH3
OH
INrh GNuhg;igy;
My;f`hy;
2-GNuhg;gdhy;
CH3 COOH mrpl;bf; mkpyk; <j;jdhapf; mkpyk;
HCHO ghHkhy;;bi`L nkj;jNdy;

,aw;gpay;
15- tpirAk; ,af;f tpjpfSk;
myF - 1
1. xU nghUspd; KLf; fj;jpw;F fhuzk; rkd; nra;ag;glhj tpir
2. ce;j khWghl;L tPjj;jpw;Fr; rkkhd ,aw;gpay; msT tpir
3. Xa;T epiyapYs;s fdkhd nghUspd; ce;jk; Rop
4. Gtpg;gug;gpy; 50fp.fp epiwAs;s kdpjdpd; vil 490N
5. caphp njhopy;El;g Crp kUe;Jfisf; Fspur; nra;Ak;
njhopy;El;g mikg; Gfs; iel;u[d;
6. xU nghUspd; Xa;T epiyiaNah my;yJ ,af; f epiyiaNah
khw;Wfpd;w my;yJ khw;w Kaw;rpf; fpd;w nray; tpir vdg;gLk;.
7. tpir xU ntf; lh; msT. mjd; S.I myF epa+l;ld;
8. nghUspd; ,af; fj;jpw;F fhuzk; rkkw;w tpirfs;
9. rkkw;w Gwtpirfs; nray;glhj epiyapy; nghUl;fs; jq;fs;
epiyapNyNa njhlh;e;J ,Uf;Fk; gz; G epiykk; vdg;gLk;.
10.
ce;jj;jpd; myF Kgms
-1


11. rha;jsj;jpy; nghUl;fspd; ,af;fj;ij Ma;T nra;jth;
fypypNah
12. xU fpnyhfpuhk; epiwAs;s xU nghUspd; kPJ 1kPtp
-2

KLf; fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpir 1 epA+l;ld; MFk; .
13. epa+l;ldpd; ,uz; lhk; tpjpg;gb F = ma
14. tpirapd; jpUg;Gj;jpwd; = F x d
15. <h;g;gpay; khwpyp G = 6.673 x 10-11 Nm2kg-2
16. re;jpuhad; 312 ehl;fs; tpz;zpy; nray;gl;lJ
17. rPdhtpd; tpz;ntsp epiyak; bahq;fha; - I
18. nghUspd; epiyk gz; G epiwiag; nghUj;jJ.
gFjp M
1. fP o;f;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; xU nghUspd; epiwNahL njhlh;gpy;yhj
$w;iw vOJf
m) ,J xU mbg;gil msT
M) ,J ,aw;gpay; jhuhR nfhz;L msf; fg;gLfpwJ
,) ,J tpy; jhuhR nfhz;L msf; fg;gLfpwJ
Tpil : ,) ,J tpy; jhuhR nfhz;L msf; fg;gLfpwJ
2. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug; Gf m) tpir = epiw x KLf; fk;
vdpy; ce;jk; = epiw x jpir Ntfk;
M) jput i`l;u[d; uhf;nfl;by; gad;gLfpwJ vdpy; jput `Pypak;
MRI glk; gpbg;gjpy; gad;gLfpwJ.
3. re;jpuhad; - I jpl;lj;NjhL njhlh; Gila rpy epWtdq;fspd;
ngah;fs; fPNo nfhLf; fg;gl;Ls;sd. Mdhy; rpy ngah; fs; mNjhL
njhlh;gpy;yhjit. njhlh;gpy;yhj epWtdq;fspd; ngah;fis
gl;baypLf.
(,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Ma;T ikak; > ghgh mZ Muha;r;rp ikak;,
ehrh tpz;ntsp ikak; INuhg;gpa tpz; ntsp $l;likg;G epWtdk;
, cyf Rfhjhuikak; > vz;nza; vhpthAf; fofk;)
Tpil: cyf Rfhjhu ikak; > vz;nza;vhpthAf; fofk; >
ghgh mZMuha;r;rp ikak;
4. fP of;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; jtWfs; VJkpUg;gpd; rhp nra;f.
m) xU epA+l;ld; tpir vd;gJ xU fpuhk; epiwAs;s nghUspy;
1ms-1 KLf; fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpirapd; msitf;Fwpf;Fk;.
tpil : xU epA+l;ld; tpir vd;gJ xU fpNyh fpuhk; epiwAs;s
nghUspy; 1ms-2 KLf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tpirapd;
msitf;Fwpf; Fk;.
M) tpidAk; vjph;tpidAk; vg;NghJk; xNu nghUspd; kPJ
nray;gLk;
tpil : tpidAk; vjph;tpidAk; vg;NghJk; ,UNtWgl;l
nghUl;fspd; kPJ nray;gLk; .
5. Fsphp njhopy; El;gj;jpd; Kf; fpakhd gad; Fsphp vhpnghUs;
MFk;. Fsphp vhpnghUs; vd;gjd; nghUis czh;j;Jf


tpil : Fsphp vhpnghUs; vd;git kpf Fiwe;j ntg;gepiyapy;
(123k f;Fk; Fiwthf) itf;fg;gl;Ls;s vhpnghUs;fs; MFk;.
,it kw;w vhpnghUl;fistpl kPj;jpwd; nfhz; lit. v.fh:
jput i`l;u[d;> jput `Pypak; .
6. ,lQRop jpUg; Gj;jpwid Neh; (+) FwpapYk;
tyQ;Rop jpUg;Gj;jpwid vjph; (-) FwpapYk; Fwpg;gpLtJ kuG.
7. nghUj;Jf.
1. Gtp <h;g;G KLf;fk; (g) -d; kjpg;G 9.8ms-
2

2. <h;g;gpay; khwpypapd; (G) kjpg;G - 6.673 x 10
-11
Nm
2
kg
-2

3. Jg;ghf;fpRLk; NghJ mjd; ,af; fk; - epA+l;ldpd; Kd;whk; tpjp
4. Gtpad; epiw - 5.98 x 10
24
kg
5. fhe;j xj;jpirT gpk;gkhf;fy; - jput`Pypak;
6. jLg;G CrpkUe;J - jput iel;u[d;
8.nghUj;Jf:
1. tpir - Kgms-2 ( or) epA+l;ld;
2. ce;jk; - Kgms-1
3. jpirNtfk; - ms-1
4. tpirapd; jpUg; Gj;jpwd; - Nm
5. gd; kjpg;G - Fj;Jauj;ijg; nghUj;Jk;
Moj;ijg;nghUj;Jk; khWgLk;
6. re;jpuhad; - I kw;Wk; II - kapy;rhkp mz;zhJiu
7. ngUefuq;fspy; kpd;jpwd; mDg;g;PL - Fsphp thAf; fs;
9. jtWfisr; Rl;bf; fhl;b gpiofisj; jpUj;Jf.
m) epA+l;ldpd; ,uz; lhk; tpjpapd;gb xt;nthU tpidf;Fk; mjw;Fr;
rkkhd vjph;tpid cz; L.
tpil : epA+l;ldpd; %d;whk; tpjpapd;gb xt;nthU tpidf;Fk;
mjw;Fr; rkkhd vjph;tpid cz;L.
M) Jg;ghf;fpapd; epiw Fz; bd; epiwiatpl mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhy;
Jg;ghf;fpapd; KLf; fk; Fz; bd; KLf; fj;ij tpl mjpfkhf
cs;sJ.
tpil : Jg;ghf;fpapd; epiw Fz; bd; epiwiatpl mjpfkhf
,Ug;gjhy; Jg;ghf; fpapd; KLf;fk; Fz; bd; KLf; fj;ij tpl
Fiwthf cs;sJ.
,) Jg;ghf;fp RLk;NghJ Fz;L mjpf tpirAld;
Kd;Ndhf; fpgha;tJ vjph;tpidahFk;. Fz; L Jg;ghf;fpiag;
gpd;Ndhf;fp js;StJ tpidahFk;.
tpil : Jg;ghf;fp RLk;NghJ Fz;L mjpf tpirAld;
Kd;Ndhf; fpgha;tJ tpidahFk;. Fz; L Jg;ghf;fpiag; gpd;Ndhf;fp
js;StJ vjph; tpidahFk; .
gFjp - ,
1. m) epA+l;ldpd; Kjy; ,af; f tpjp tpirapd; gz;ig
tpsf;FfpwJ. ,f; $w;iw epahag;gLj;Jf.


epA+l;ld; Kjy; tpjpg;gb rkkw;w Gwtpirnahd;W
nray;gl;L khw;Wk; tiu ve;j xU nghUSk; jdJ Xa;T
epiyiaNah my;yJ xNu Neh;f;Nfhl;by; mike;j rPuhd
,af; fepiyiaNah khw;wpf; nfhs;shky; njhlh;e;J mNj
epiyapy; ,Uf; Fk;.
v.fh: Nkirapd; kPJ itf; fg;gl;Ls;s Gj;jfk; xd;iw
fUJNthk;. Tpir xd;W Gj;jfj;jpd; kP J nray;glhjtiu
Gj;jfk; Xa;T epiyapNyNa ,Uf; Fk;. vdNt xU
nghUspd; Xa;T epiyia khw;w Kaw;rpf; fpd;w nray;
tpir vdg;gLk;.
M) 10 fpfp> 20fpfp epiwAs;s nghUs;fs; KiwNa 10
ms
-1
, 5ms-
1
Ntfj;jpy; nry;tij glk; fhl;LfpwJ. Mit
Nkhjpf; nfhs;fpd;wd. Nkhjypd;NghJ mit
njhl;Lf; nfhs;Sk; Neuk; 2 tpdhbfs;. NkhjYf;Fg;gpd;
mit KiwNa 2ms-1 ,4ms-
1
Ntfj;jpy; nry;fpd;wd vdpy;
F1, F2 ,tw; iw fhz;f.

tpil : m1 = 10kg m2 = 20 kg
u1 = 10 ms-1 u2 = 5ms-1
v1 = 12ms-1 v2 = 4ms-1 t = 2s
tpid : F1 = = = -10N
vjph; tpid = F2 = = = 10N
vdNt F1 = - F2
2. m) tpz;ntsp epiyaq;fs; ePz;l ehs; tpz;ntspapy;
jq;Ftjhy; kdpj clypy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfis
Muhag;gad;gLfpd;wd. ,f; $w;iw epahag;gLj;Jf.
1. tpz;ntspapy; fhzg;gLk; (i) kpff; Fiwe;j kWRow;rp
tP jk; (ii) mjpf fjph;tP r;R (iii) Fiwe;j <h;g;G tpir
Mfpait kdj clypy; tpisTfis Vw;gLj;Jk;.


2. ,J kdpjd; tpz;ntspapy; jq;Fk; fhyj;ij Fiwj;J
mnrsfhpaj;ijAk; ePz;lehs; cly; eyg; ghjpg;igAk;
jUfpd;wd. vdNt tpz;ntsp epiyaq;fs; ePz;l ehs;
tpz;ntspapy; jq;Ftjhy; kdpj clypy; Vw;gLk;
tpisTfis Muhag;gad;gLfpd;wd.
M) F = Gm1 m2 / d
2
vd;gJ epA+l;ldpd; <h;g;gpay; tpjpapd;
fzpj tbtk;. epA+l;ldpd; <h;g;gpay; tpjpapid vOJf.
mz; lj;jpYs;s xt;nthU nghUSk; kw;w nghUs;fis
mtw; wpd; epiwfspd; ngUf; fy; gyDf;F Neh; jftpYk;
,ilj;njhiytpd; ,Ukbf; F vjph;j;jftpYk; mike;j tpirAld;
<h;f;Fk;.
3.epiwf;Fk; vilf; Fk; cs;s NtWghLfs; ahit?
epiw vil
1 mbg;gil msT top msT
2 nghUspy; cs;s
gUg;nghUs; msT
nghUspd; kPJ nray;gLk;
<h;g;gpay; tpir msT
3 myF fpNyhfpuhk; myF epA+l;ld;
4 ,lj;jpw;F ,lk; khwhJ ,lj;jpw;F ,lk; khWk;
5 ,aw;gpay; jhurpdhy;
msf;fg;gLfpwJ
tpy; jhurpdhy; msf; fg;gLfpwJ

4.re;jpuhadpd; rhjidfs; ahit?
1. epytpd; kz; zpy; ePh; Kyf; $Wfs; mjpfg;gug;gpy;
gutpapUg;gij fz;lwpe;jJ.
2. Gtpapd; KOtbtj;ijAk; Kjd;Kiwahf gjpT nra;J mDg;gpaJ.
3. epyT Kw;fhyj;jpy; Kw;wpYk; cUfpa epiyapypUg;gij cWjp
nra;jJ.
4. 24-f; Fk Nkw;gl;l typik Fd;wpa #hpa xspg; Gay;fisg; gjpT
nra;jJ.
5. epytpd; fdpk tsk; gw;wpa jfty;fs; ngwg;gl;lJ.
6. epytpd; JUtq;fs; kw;Wk; Kf; fpag; gFjpfs; gw;wpa jfty;fis
mspj;jy;.
16.kpd;Ndhl;ltpaYk; Mw;wYk;
1. 20 Xk; kpd;jilAs;s fk;gpapy; 0.2A kpd;Ndhl;lk; cUthf;fj;
Njitg;gLk; kpd;dOj;j NtWghL 4V
2. ,U kpd;tpsf;Ffspd; kpd; jilfspd; tpfpjk; 1:2 mit
njhluhf xU Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gLfpd;wd vdpy; mit
vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; Mw; wy;fspd; tpfpjk; 1:2
3. fpNyhthl; kzp vd;gJ kpd;dhw;wy; myF MFk;.
4. xj;j epge;jidfspy; fUikg; gug;G kw;w gug; Gfistpl mjpf
ntg;gj;ij cl;ftu;fpwJ.
5. ,aw;iff; fjpupaf;fj; jdpkj;jpd; mZ vz; 82I tpl mjpfk;


6. kpd;Ndhl;lk; njhlu;e;J ghAk; %ba ghij kpd;Rw;W vdg;gLk;
7. xU Rw;wpy; kpd;Ndhl;lij msf; f mk;kP l;lu; vd;fpw rhjdk;
gad;gLfpwJ
8. xU $Y}k; vd;gJ 6x10
18
vyf; l;uhd;fspd; kpd;D}l;lj;jpw;Fr; rkk;
9. kpd;dOj;j NtWghl;il msf; fg;gad;gLk; fUtp Nthy;l; kPl;lu;
10. thzpg uPjpapy; kpd;dhw;wYf; fhd myF fpNyhthl;kzp
11. Ntjptpid %yk; kpd;dhw;wy; ngw cjTk; kpd;fyq;fs;
kpd;Ntjpapay; kpd;fyq;fs; vdg;gLk;.
12. xU fpNyhfpuhk; epiwnfhz;l nghUs; KOtJk; Mw;wyhf
khw;wg;gl;lhy; Mw;wypd; kjpg;G 9x10
18
J
13. xU mZf; fU gpstpy; ,Ue;J cUthFk; ruhrup Mw;wy; 200
Mev
14. 1 > 2 > kw;Wk; 3 kpd;jilfs; njhlupizg;gpy;
,izf; fg;gl;lhy; njhFgad; kpd;jil 6
15. Xk; tpjpg;gb V=IR
16. fjpu;tP r;rpd; msT uhz; l;[d; vd;w myfhy; mstplg;gLfpwJ.
17. fjpu; tPr; rpd; ghJfhg;G vy;iy thuj;jpw;F 250 kpy;yp uhz;l;[d;
MFk;.
gFjp - M
2 kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs; :
1. fP o;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; Xk; tpjpNahL njhlu;gpy;yhjij vOJf.
m) kpd;Ndhl;lk; / kpd;dOj;jNtWghL = khwpyp
M) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL / kpd;Ndhl;lk; = khwpyp
,) kpd;Ndhl;lk; = kpd;jil X kpd; dOj;j NtWghL
Tpil : M) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL / kpd;Ndhl;lk; = khwpyp
2. Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis epug; Gf :
m) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL : Nthy;l; kP l;lu; vdpy;
kpd;Ndhl;lk; : mk;kP l;lu;
M) ePu;kpd; epiyak; : kuGrhu; Mw;wy; vdpy;
#upa Mw;wy; : kuGrhuh Mw;wy;
3. kuGrhuh Mw;wy; %yq;fspd; ngau;fs; fP No jug;gl;Ls;sd.
Mdhy; mtw; Ws; rpy jtW> jtwhdtw;iwg; gl;baypLf.
(fhw;W Mw;wy;> #upa Mw;wy;> ePu;kpd; Mw;wy;> mZf; fU Mw;wy;>
miy Mw;wy;> Gtp-mdy; Mw;wy;)
tpil : ePu;kpd; Mw;wy;> miy Mw;wy;> Gtp mdy; Mw;wy;
4. fP o;fhZk; $w;Wfspy; cs;s jtWfisr; rup nra;f.
m) rpwe;j Mw;wy; %yk; vd;gJ Xu; myF epiwf;F Fiwe;j
msT Ntiy nra;af; $baJ.
tpil : rpwe;j Mw;wy; %yk; vd;gJ Xu; myF epiwf;F mjpf
msT Ntiy nra;af; $baJ.
M) cgNahfpf; ff; $ba tbtpy; cs;s Mw; wiy kP z;Lk;
kPz;Lk; ehk; gad;gLj;jyhk;.


tpil : cgNahfpf; ff; $ba tbtpy; cs;s Mw;wiy kP z;Lk;
kPz;Lk; ehk; gad;gLj;j ,ayhJ.
5. vspikahd FwpaPLfisg; gad;gLj;jp xU kpd; Rw;wpd; gy;NtW
cWg;Gfis ,izj;Jg; ngwg;gLk; glk; kpd;Rw;Wg;glk; vdg;gLk;
gy;NtW cWg; Gfs; vd;gij vt;thW Gupe;J nfhs;ssyhk;?
xU kpd;Rw;iw ,izf;fg; gad;gLk; gy;NtW cWg;Gfs;
vd;gd kpd;fyk;> rhtp> kpd;tpsf;F> kpd; jil> mk;kP l;lu; Nghd;w
fUtpfs; vdg; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk; .
6.fP o; fhZk; tiuglk; V kw;Wk; I-d; njhu;igf; fhl;LfpwJ.
glj;jpypUe;J kpd;dOj;j NtWghL 0.8X kw;Wk; 1.2X cs;sNghJ V/I-d;
kjpg;Gfs; vddthf ,Uf;Fk;

V/I d; kjpg;G xU khwpypahFk;
7. fhkhf;fjpu;fs; ,aw;iff; fjpupaf; fj; jdpkq;fshy;
ntsptplg; gLk; Mgj;jhd fjpu;tP r;rhFk;.
m) ,aw;iff; fjpupaf;fj; jdpkq;fs; ntspapLk; NtW
fjpu;tP r;Rfs; ahit?
tpil : My;gh () kw;Wk; gP l;lh () fjpu;fs;
M) fP o;fhZk; $w;Wfis NkNy nrhy;Yk; fjpu;tP r;RfNshL
njhlu;GgLj;jp ml;ltizapLf.
$w;W fjpu;fs;
(i) mit kpd;fhe;j fjpu;tPr;Rfs;
fhkh () fjpu;fs;
(ii) mit mjpf CLUTjpwd;
nfhz;lit
fhkh () fjpu;fs;
(iii) mit vyf; l;uhd; fs; gPl;lh ()fjpu;fs;
(iv) mit epA+l;uhd;fisg; My;gh ()fjpu;fs;


ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd
8.1.5 V kpd;dpaf;F tpir nfhz; l ,U kpd;fyd;fs; 5> 10> 15
kpd;jilfs; kw;Wk; rhtp ,tw;iwj; njhluhff; nfhz;l xU Rw;W
glj;jpid tUf.

9. kpd; cUfp fhupak; kw;Wk; <ak; cNyhff;fyitahy; Md fk;gp
MFk;. ,J mjpf kpd; jilAk; Fiwe;j cUFepiyAk;
nfhz;lJ.
10. fP o;fhZk; Rw;Wg;glj;ij cw;WNehf;fp ABf; F ,ilNa
njhFgad; kpd;jil fhz;f.

R1, R2 gf;f ,izg;ghy; cs;sd.
njhFgad; kpd;jil 1/R
12
= 1/R
1
+ 1/R
2
1/R
12
= 1/1 + 1/1=2
R
12
= Xk;
R3, R4 gf;f ,izg;gpy; cs;sd
njhFgad; kpd;jil 1/R
34
, = 1/R
3
+ 1/R
4



1/R
34
= 1/1 + 1/1 = 2
R
34
= Xk;
R12 kw;Wk; R34 Mfpait njhlu;epiyapy; cs;sd.
njhFgad; kpd;jil R = R
12
+ R
34
= +
R = 1 Xk;
11. milg; Gf;Fwpf;Fs; nfhLf; fg;gl;Ls;s nrhw;fspy; cupadtw;iwj;
Nju;e;njLj;J fPo;fhZk; ml;lizia epug;Gf.
(Jj;jehfk;> jhkpuk;> fhu;gd;> fhupak;> fhu;gd; -il-Mf;i]L>
mYkpdpak; )
Neu;kpd;tha; fhupa mkpy
Nrkf;fyd;

vjpu;kpd;tha; nyf;yhQ;rp kpd;fyd;
tpil
Neu;kpd;tha; fhupa mkpy
Nrkf;fyd;
fhupak;
vjpu;kpd;tha; nyf;yhQ;rp kpd;fyk; Jj;jehfk;

nghUj;Jf:
12. a) kpd;Ndhl;lk; Q/t
b) kpd;dOj;j NtWghL W/Q
c) Mw;wy; VI
d) ntg;gk; VIt
13. fP o;f;fz;l glq;fis tiue;J ghfq;fis Fwp.



14. kpd;fyd;> tpsf;F> mk;kP l;lu; kw;Wk; rhtp ,tw; iwf;nfhz; l xU
kpd;Rw;W glk; tiuf.


15. 1> 2> 3 kpd;jilf;nfhz;l njhlupidg;gpd;
njhFkpd;jiliaf; fhz; f.
R
1
= 1; R
2
= 2 , R
3
= 3
R = 1+2+3 = 6
16. rhjhuz kpd;fyj;jpd; glj;jpid tiue;J> ghq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk; .

17. nghUj;Jf :
Xk; tpjp - [hu;[; irkd; Xk;
kpd;D}l;lk; - $Yk;
kpd;Ndhl;lk; - Mk;gpah;
kpd;jil - Xk;
kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; ntg;gtpisT - [Py;
kpd;jpwd; - thl;


kpd;dhw;wy; - thl;kzp
Kjy;kpd;fyk; - Nthy;lh
fjpupaf; fk; - n`d;wp ngf;nfhuy;
[d;];Bd; - E = mC
2

17. kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; fhe;j tpisTk; xspapYk;
gFjp-m

1. Mbapy; cUthFk; cUtg;ngUf; fk; 1/3 vdpy; me;j Mbapd;
tif> Fop Mb

2. xU fk;gpr;RUNshL njhlu;Gila fhe;jg;ghak; khWk;
Nghnjy;yhk; mr;Rw;wpy; kpd;dpaf;F tpir cUthFk; epfo;T
kpdfhe;jj; J}z;ly;

3. cNyhff; flj;jpapy; ghAk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; mjidr; Rw;wp
fhe;jg;Gyj;ij cUthf;Fk;.

4. ghu;itg; Gyk; ngUk msthf miktJ Ftp Mbapy;

5. 10 nr.kP Ftpapj; njhiyTs;s Ftpnyd;rpy; ,Ue;J 25 nr.kP
njhiytpy; nghUs; itf; fg; LfpwJ vdpy; gpk;gj;jpd; njhiyT
16.66 nr.kP MFk;.

6. fhe;jg;Gyk; vz; kpjg;Gk;> jpir msTk; nfhz;ljhFk;

7. fhe;j Gyf; NfhLfs; fhe;jj;jpd; tlKidapy; njhlq;fp
njd;Kidapy; KbtilAk;.

8. fj;jpapy; ghAk; kpd;Ndhl;lk; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ mjdhy; Vw;gLk;
fhe;jGyj;jpd; msTk; mjpfupf;Fk; .

9. kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; Neu; flj;japy; cUthFk; fhe;jGyk; mjd;
njhiyit rhu;e;J mikAk;.

10. tl;lr;RUspd; ikaj;ijr; nrd;wilAk; NghJ fhe;j
tisaq;fs; Neu;Nfhlhf mikAk;.


11. kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; mYkpdpaj;jz;Lfhe;j Gyj;jpd; kPJ
itf;fg;gl;lhy; mJ tpiria czUk;.

12. Nfhsf Mbapy; vjpnuhspf;Fk; gug;gpd; ikag; Gs;sp Mb ikak;
vdg;gLk;. (P)

13. Mb ve;j Nfhdj;jpd; gFjpNah> me;jf; Nfhsj;jpd; ikak;
Mbapd; tisT ikak; vdg;gLk;. (C)

14. Nfhsf Mb ve;jf; Nfhsj;jpd; gFjpNah mjd; Muk; Mbapd;
tisT Muk; (R) vdg;gLk;

15. Mbf;Fk; gpk;gj;jpw;Fk; cs;s njhiyT> Mbapd; Ftpa
J}ukhFk; .

16. Mbfspd; tisT Muk; FtpaJ}uj;jpd; ,Uklq;F MFk;;> R=2f

17. vjpnuhspf;Fk; fjpu;fs; ntl;bf; nfhs;Sk; Gs;sp> gpk;gj;jpd;
,Ug;gplkhFk;.

18. ntw; wplj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk; 3x10
8
m/sec

19. nyd;rpd; Ftpaj; njhiytpd; jiofP op mjd; jpwd; MFk;.

20. epwq;fs; njhFg; G epwkhiy (VIBGYOR) vdg;gLk;.

21. Iup]; vd;gJ fz;ghu;itiaf; fl;LgLj;Jk; jirg;glyk;

22. fp;l;lg;ghu;it rup nra;a Fopnyd;R> J}ug;ghu;itia rup nra;a
Ftp nyd;R gad;gLfpwJ.

23. i`gu;nkl;Nuhgpah vd;gJ J}ug; ghu;it MFk;.

24. nghUis njspthf fhz md;ikg;Gs;sp 25 cm mjpfkhf
,Uf; f Ntz;Lk;.

25. `g;Gs; njhiyNehf;fp thdpapy; njhiyNehf;fp MFk;.

gFjp M

1. gpd;tUk; $w;wpy; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpirkhw;wpf;Fg; nghUj;JtJ


m) fhy;tdh kP l;lu; mjd; miytpyh epiyf; Fj; jpirkhw;wpia
gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;
M) kpd;khw;wp kpd; mOj;jj;ij cau;j;Jtjw;Fj; jpir
khw;wpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;
,) kpd;Nkhl;lhu; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpiria khw;wpj;jpir khw;wpiag;
gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;.
tpil: kpd;Nkhl;lhu; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpiria khw;wpj; jpir
khw;wpia gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk;.

2. Nfhbl;l ,lj;ij epug;gTk;.
m) Nkhl;lhu;: epiyf; fhe;jk;> thzpf Kiwapyhd Nkhl;lhu;
kpd;fhe;jk;.
M) Ftpaj;njhiyT: kP l;lu;;: nyd;rpd; jpwd;: ilahg;lu;
3. gpd;tUk; nrhw;nwhlupy; gpiofs; ,Ug;gpd; jpUj;jTk;.
m) fhe;jGyk; vz; kjpg;G kl;Lk; nfhz; l msT
M) fhe;j tpirf;NfhLfs; fhe;jj; njd;Kidapy; njhlq;fp
tlKidapy; KbAk;.
tpil: fhe;jg;Gyk; vz;kjpg;Gk;> jpirAk; nfhz;l msthFk;
fhe;j tpirf;NfhLfs; fhe;j tlKidapy; njhlq;fp
njd;Kidapy; KbAk;
4. flj;jp xd;wpd; topNa xU jpirapy; kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;NghJ fhe;j
Crpapd; tlKid fpof;F Nehf; fp tpyfy; milfpwJ. kpd;Ndhl;lk;
vjpu;jpirapy; ghAk;NghJ Nkw;F Nehf;fp tpyfy; milfpwJ.
,jdpd;Wk; eP mwptijf; $W.
tpil: kpd;Ndhl;lk; gha;tjhy; Njhd; Wk; fhe;j Gyj;jpd; jpir
kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpiria rhu;e;jJ. vdNt ,t;thW eilngWfpwJ.

5.gpd;tUk; fjpu;tiuglk; Fopahbapy; gpk;gk; Njhd;Wtijf; Fwpf;fTk;
.


a) mjpYs;s jtiwf; fz;L> gpioaw;w fjpu;glk; tiuf
b) cd; jpUj;jj;jpw;fhd tpdf; fk; jUf.
tpil:

a)

b) Fop Mbapd; Ftpaj;jpd; topNa nry;Yk; gLfjpu;>
vjpnuhspg; Gf;Fg; gpd; Kjd;ik mr;Rf; F ,idahfr; nry;Yk;.

6. Nghf;Ftuj;Jf; fl;Lg;ghl;L tpsf;Ffspy; rptg;G epw tpsf; F
gad;gLj;jg;gLtjd; fhuzk; mjd; mjpfkhd miyePskhFk;.

7. fP Os;stw; iwf; Fwpf; Fk; fz; zpd; ghfq;fis vOJf.
a) fz; ghu;itiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; ,Udl;l jirg;glyk; Iup];
b) fz;zpy; nghUspd; gpk;gk; cz; lhFk; gug;G tpopj;jpiu

8. ikNahgpah vd;gJ fz;zpy; xsptpyfspy; Vw;gLk; fpl;lg;ghu;itf;
FiwghL MFk;. ,e;jf; Fiw cs;stu;fs; mUfpYs;s nghUisj;
njspthfg; ghu;f; fyhk;. Vw;w jpwDs;s Fopnyd;R nfhz;L
,f; Fiwia rup nra;ayhk;.
m) ,Nj tifahd NtW ,uz;L tiff; FiwghLfisf;
Fwpg;gpLf.
M) mtw; iw rup nra;Ak; Kiwia czu;j;Jf.
tpil:


a) i`gu; nkl;Nuhgpah vd;gJ J}ug;ghu;it vdg;gLk;
mUfpYs;s nghUs;fisj; njspthf fhz ,ayhJ.
jFe;j jpwDila Ftpnyd;ir gad;gLj;jp ,ij rup
nra;ayhk;.
b) gpu];igNghgpah vd;gJ tajhdtu;fshy; mUfpy; cs;s
nghUs;fis njspthfTk; trjpahfTk; ghu;f;f ,ayhJ.
,ij ,UFtpaf; fz; zhbfisg; gad;gLj;jp rup nra;ayhk; .

9) nghUj;Jf:
a) kpd;fhe;jj; J}z;ly; ----> ghuNl
b) kpd;dpapw;wp ----> ve;jpu Mw;wy; kpd;dhw;wyhf
khWjy;
c) Mbr;rkd;ghL ----> 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
d) ];ney; tpjp ----> sin i/sin r = khwpyp

10. xU nyd;rpd; Ftpaj;J}uk; 2kP vdpy;> nyd;rpd; jpwd; fhz;f
tpil: nyd;rpd; FtpapJ}uk; (f) = - 2 kP
nyd;rpd; jpwd; (p) = 1/f => 1/-2
=>-0.5 ilahg;lu;
11. nghUj;Jf:
a) fhu;dpah ----> tpop ntz;glyk;
b) xsp czu; nry;fs; ----> tpopj;jpiu
c) ikNahgpah ----> ePd; l tpopf; Nfhsk;
d) i`gu;nkl;Nuhgpah ----> rpwpa tpopf;Nfhsk;

12. a) fP o;fz;l glj;jpy; ve;j fhe;j Crp fhe;j Gyj;jpd; jpiria
rupahff; fhl;LfpwJ.

b) thdpay; Ma;thsu; xUtUf;F thdk; cjhtpw;Fg; gjpyhf
,Uz; L fhzg;gLfpwJ. fhuzk; jUf
tpil:
a) fhe;j Crp - a
b) fhuzk; tsp kz;lyk; ,y;iy vdNt xspr;rpjwy;
,y;iy.


vdNt thdk; ,Uz; L fhzg;gLfpwJ.

gFjp-,

1. fP o; f; fz;l ghfq;fisg; glj;jpy; Fwpf; fTk;
i) a) gLfjpu; b) tpyFfjpu; c) kps;fjpu; d) tpyF
Nfhzk;
e) jpirkhw;wf; Nfhzk; f) tpLNfhzk;

ii) ituj;jpd; xsptpyfy; vz; . 2.42> xspapd; jpirNtfj;ijg;
nghWj;J ,r;nrhw;nwhlupd; nghUs; ahJ?

tpil: i) P E = gLfjpu;; ; EF = tpyFfjpu;
FS=kPs;fjpu; ; r = tpyFNfhdk; d=
jpirkhw;wf; Nfhdk;
e =tpLNfhzk;

ii) xsp tpyfy; vz; vd;gJ Clfq;fspy; xspapd;
jpirNtfj;NjhL njhlu;GilaJ.

xsp tpyfy; vz; = fhw;wpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk;
Clfj;jpy; xspapd; jpirNtfk;
,j;njhlupy; ,Ue;J xsptpyfy; vz; ituj;jpw;F 2.42 vd;gjhFk;.



a) NkNy cs;s glj;ij kPz; Lk; tiuf
b) ,g;glk; Fwpg;gpLtJ
c) glj;jpy; Kf; fpakhd ghfq;fisf; Fwpf;fTk;.
d) ,r;rhjdk; vj;jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; nray;gLfpwJ.
e) ,r;rhjdj;jpy; kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpirfhDk; topia czu;j;Jf

tpil:


b) AC kpd;dpaw;wp
c) ABCD ---> fhg;gplg;gl;l nrt;tf totf; fk;gpr; RUs;.
NS ---> epiyf; fhe;jk;
B1,B2 ---> J}upiffs;
S1,S2 ---> eOT tisaq;fs;
R ....> kpd;jilahf;fp

d) gpskpq; tyf; if tpjp.
e)1) gpskpq; tyf; if tpjpg;gb> J}z; lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd;
jpiria mwpayhk;

2) fk;gpr;RUs; ABCD topahf tyQ;Ropahf RoYk;NghJ
J}z;lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lk; RUspy; ABCD jpirapy; ghAk;

3) miur;Rw;wpw;Fg; gpwF RUspy; J}z; lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lk;
DCBA jpirapy; ghAk;.


















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