CSE 833 Digital Image Processing

Lecture 2
Intensity Transformation and
Spatial Filtering
 Spatial Domain vs. Transform Domain

► Spatial domain
image plane itself, directly process the intensity values of
the image plane

► Transform domain
process the transform coefficients, not directly process the
intensity values of the image plane

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 Spatial Domain Process

g ( x, y )  T [ f ( x, y )])
f ( x, y ) : input image
g ( x, y ) : output image
T : an operator on f defined over
a neighborhood of point ( x, y)

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 Spatial Domain Process

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 Spatial Domain Process

Intensity transformation function

s  T (r )

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 Some Basic Intensity Transformation
Functions

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 Image Negatives

Image negatives
s  L 1 r

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 Log Transformations

Log Transformations
s  c log(1  r )

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 Power-Law (Gamma) Transformations


s  cr

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 Example: Gamma Transformations

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 Piecewise-Linear Transformations

► Contrast Stretching
— Expands the range of intensity levels in an image so that it spans
the full intensity range of the recording medium or display device.

► Intensity-level Slicing
— Highlighting a specific range of intensities in an image often is of
interest.

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Highlight the major
blood vessels and
study the shape of the
flow of the contrast
medium (to detect
blockages, etc.)

Measuring the actual

flow of the contrast
medium as a function
of time in a series of
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images Copyright@Md. Shahid Uz Zaman 13
 Bit-plane Slicing

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 Bit-plane Slicing

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