1

Floor Plan.

2
Column Lay out Plan.

3
Beam Lay out Plan.

4
Structural Section.

Slab
Thickness=6”
.

5
 Sections of Members.
Command-01: (Changing Unit)
Click : Tools = Click: Set Current Input Unit.
Command-02:
Click : Command = Click : Member Property =Click : Prismatic.=Click:Define =Click: Add

Command-03:(View of Section)
Click : Symbols and Labels= Click: Structure=Click :Full Section.
Command-04:(Rotation of Section)
Click : Command = Click: Geometric Constant=Click : Beta angle.
6
 Material Constants.
Command-01:
Click : Command = Click: Material Constant.

7
 APPLICATION OF LOADS.
ETABS-

ETABS :Load Patterns=Load Cases=Load Combinations.

STAAD-

STAAD :Reference Load =Load Cases=Load Combinations.

Command-
Click : Load Page icon=Click : Definitions=Click: Reference
Load Definitions=Click:Add.

8
 Gravity Loads.
Live Loads:

Load Combinations:

Load Combinations for Displacement & Drift.:

9
 Applied Load on Model.
Gravity Load: LL
LL =100 PSF. Considering industrial building.

Gravity Load: DL
SW =Computed by software.
FF =25 PSF.
BW =0.70 k/ft at GF. & 0.50k/ft at typical floors.

Seismic Load: EQ
Zone =2.
Frame Type =IMRF.
Site Class =3.
Occupancy Category=3
Importance Factor=1.25

10
 Application of Load on Slab.
Command-01:
Click: Load items of “Reference Load Definitions” =Click : Plate Loads= Put:
Value with Signs..

11
Seismic zone and Related values..

●Ss=Spectral response
acceleration at short
period.
●S1=Spectral response
acceleration at 1 sec.
period.

●Manual for
Seismic Design of
Reinforced Concrete
Buildings.(By PWD/P-22).

12
Seismic zone and Related values..

13
 Site Classification.

●Manual for
Seismic Design of
Reinforced Concrete
Buildings.(By PWD/P-15).

14
 Seismic zone and Related values..

TIME PERIOD:
As per IS CODE 1893-
2002(Part I) T =0.09H/ √D
where D is the direction
along the EQ forces.
T=0.981 Sec. for both
direction.

T=0.016 * 109^0.90 =1.09 sec. f=0.92 Hz.

15
Seismic Weight or Mass Sources.

16
 Seismic zone and Related values-STAAD.Pro.

In STAAD.Pro -Fa and Fv can be provided as per local consideration.

17
 Seismic zone and Related values-ETABS.

In ETABS-Fa and Fv is automatically changing with the change of “Site Class”.

18
 Forming Load Cases.
Command-01:
Click: Load Cases Details=Click : Add=Complete Box= Click:Add.

Command-02:
Click: Load Case =Click : Add= Click: Repeat Load.

19
 Forming Load Combination And Analysis.
Command-01:
Click: Commands=Click : Loading= Click : Load Combination.

Command-02: (Analysis)
Click: Commands=Click : Analysis= Click : Perform Analysis=Click:Static
Check=Click: OK.

20
 Support Reaction-STAAD. Pro
Command-01:
Click : Post processing =Click: Result =Click : View Value=Click : Reaction.

Load Combination:1.20D+ 1.60L

21
 Support Reaction-ETABS.

Load Combination:1.20D+ 1.60L

22
 Support Reaction-STAAD. Pro
Command-01:
Take : Plate Cursor =Select: Plate =Click : Right Button=Click: Generate Plate
mesh.

Load Case : EQ(+x)

23
 Support Reaction-ETABS.

Load Case : EQ(+x)

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1
Floor Plan.

2
Column Lay out Plan.

3
Beam Lay out Plan.

4
Structural Section.

Slab
Thickness=6”
.

5
 Application of Wind Load on Model.

Design Parameters for WL.

Wind Speed

6
Terrain Category. (Location in Terrain)

7
 Exposure Category & Importance Factor.
Exposure Category.(How exposed the building is?

Building Classification Category.

8
Partially Enclosed Building.

9
Input of Parameters in WL Application.

10
Application of and Basic Data.

● The building’s fundamental natural

frequency for WL is used to
determine whether dynamic
response will be significant under
wind loading.
●For which f < 1 Hz, i.e. flexible
buildings.
●Approximate rules for
determining f , is
f = 150/ H
( H = building height in ft.).
( Reff: The Nature of Wind Loads
and Dynamic Response by D.
Boggs and J. Dragovich )
●H= Ht. of Building in Ft.=109’
f = 150 /109 =1.38 Hz

11
Application of and Basic Data-ETABS.

12
Wind Load and Related values.

13
Wind Load and Lee Ward Coefficient.

14
 Forming Load Case for WL.
Command-01:
Click: Load Cases Details=Click : Add=Write: Load Case Name
Click: Load Case Name =Click: Add=Click: Wind Load=Fill: The Box.

15
 Forming Load Combination.

Load Combinations for Displacement & Drift.:

16
 Support Reaction-STAAD. Pro
Command-01:
Click : Post processing =Click: Result =Click : View Value=Click : Reaction.

Load Combination:1.20D+ 1.60L

17
 Support Reaction-ETABS.

Load Combination:1.20D+ 1.60L

18
 Support Reaction-STAAD. Pro
Command-01:
Take : Plate Cursor =Select: Plate =Click : Right Button=Click: Generate Plate
mesh.

Load Case : EQ(+x)

19
 Support Reaction-ETABS.

Load Case : EQ(+x)

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1
 Forming Load Combination.

Load Combinations for Displacement & Drift.:

2
Lateral Displacement for Wind.

3
Lateral Displacement for Wind.

4
Lateral Displacement for Wind-ETABS.

5
 Allowable Storey Drift for EQ.

●The storey drift limit is 0.02 hs (= hs /50) but not more than 12mm.

6
 Command for Story Drift.
Command-01:
Click: Load List =Send : Necessary Load Case to Right.

Command-02:
Click: Command =Click : Post-Analysis Print=Click: Story Drift.

7
 Story Drift- STAAD. Pro.
Design Parameters for WL along X-axis .

●Drift at Height-
25ft=0.8326”=21mm>
12mm.
●Soft –story occurs
at this level.
●Drift=(1/259)*h=0.00
386

8
Story Drift- ETABS.

●Max. Drift=0.003876
*hs=(1/258)*hs.

●Result from both

STAAD. Pro and
ETABS is close to
each other.

9
Commands for Soft -Story .

10
 Soft Story by STAAD. Pro.
Exposure Category.

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1
2
3
4
Torsional Irregularity-STAAD. Pro.

5
Torsional Irregularity-STAAD. Pro.
STAAD.Pro direction=X
∆(min.)=Lowest value=3.02”
∆(max.)=Max. value=3.72”
∆(avg.)=1/2*(3.02+3.72)=3.37”
∆(max.)/ ∆(avg.)=1.10 <1.20.--------------ok.
Structure is regular.

Torsional Irregularity-ETABS.

6
 Mass Participation Factor & Frequency.
Command: Click :Command =Click: “Miscellaneous= Give the value of
“CUT OFF MODE SHAPE”.”

7
Time Period Calculated by STAAD.Pro.

Tuser=1.09 used in EQ data.

Tuser=0.0 STAAD calculated “T” value.

8
 Calculation of Time period & Frequency.

¥The analysis should have a cumulative effective mass participation of 90%.

●Mode -5 is have a cumulative effective mass participation of more than 90%.
●Natural frequencies of the building are different for different modes.
●Fundamental Natural frequencies =Lowest frequency=0.388 Hz.
●Each mode has an associated period and frequency.
●The longest period is called the fundamental or natural period.
●Fundamental mode: The mode having the lowest critical frequency. Also known
as dominant mode; principal mode.

9
Vibration Serviceability of RCC Structure -STAAD. Pro.

●This sort of engagements excite

Natural freq.(Hz.) gravity loads in dynamic loads.
Office--------------------- ------ 3.6 to 4.8
Residence ---------------------- 4.0
Factory-------------------------- 5.50
Human (Sitting)--------------------- 4-6
Human (Standing)-------------------- 7.50 .

10
 Wind Load Checking –STAAD Pro.

Avg. ww wind Load=1/2*(44+57)*100*102=515 kip.

Avg. LW wind Load=53*100*102=540 kip
Total wind Load=1055 kip
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12
1
 Natural Frequency of Building.
Command: Click :Command =Click: “Miscellaneous= Give the value of
“CUT OFF MODE SHAPE”.”

2
Response Spectrum Result –Natural Frequency .

3
Frequency of Seismic Wave.

4
 Wind Load Checking –STAAD Pro.

Avg. ww wind Load=1/2*(44+57)*100*102=515 kip.

Avg. LW wind Load=53*100*102=540 kip
Total wind Load=1055 kip
5
Wind Load Checking –STAAD Pro.

6
P-Delta Analysis by STAAD Pro.

7
 P-Delta Analysis by STAAD Pro.
Why is P-Delta is a Nonlinear Analysis ?
●The word “P” is the force and “Delta” gives the deflection of the
particular member on which force “P” applied. It generates additional
shear and bending moment in column and we must design against that.

●In a P-Delta analysis the “second order” effects resulting from

displacements is counted.

●Nonlinear analysis allows to account changes in stiffness with

application of load.

● Nonlinear static analysis are of two types: 1) Geometrical non-

linearity 2) Material non-linearity.

●P-Delta is geometrical non-linearity because analysis is done when

the deflection increases against the additional forces which are
generated by P-Delta effects.

● Material nonlinearity is defined as when the material goes beyond its

yield strength and it no longer behaves in linear fashion . 8
 P-Delta Analysis by STAAD Pro.
Command: Click :Command =Click: Member Specifications=
Click:Cracked Property.

9
 Editorial of P-Delta Analysis .
Command: Click :Command =Click: Analysis= Click:P-Delta
Analysis.

10
Comparison of Lateral Displacement for EQ.

11
1
Support Reaction and Sign Convention.

2
Support Reaction and Sign Convention.

3
Support Reaction and Sign Convention.

4
BMD (Static) –Static VS P-Delta.

BMD :Static.
5
BMD –Static VS P-Delta.

BMD : P-Delta.
6
BMD –ETABS.

BMD : P-Delta.
7
 BMD –Static VS P-Delta.

P-Delta Analysis-
Moment for LC-102: By STAAD
=262 k-ft.
Moment for LC-102: By ETABS
=274 k-ft.
Difference=5%

8
SFD (P-Delta) –Static VS P-Delta.

9
SFD (P-Delta) –Static VS P-Delta.

10
 Torsion in Beams.-STAAD. Pro.
Command-01:
Click: Beam icon =Click : Graphs=Select :Beam =Right Click : Graph Windows=Click :
Diagrams=Click: Torsion.

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Torsion in Beams.-STAAD. Pro.

12
Torsion in Beams.-STAAD. Pro.

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1
Concrete Design parameters for STAAD Pro.

2
Concrete Design parameters for STAAD Pro.

3
Concrete Design parameters for STAAD Pro.

4
 Load List for Concrete Design.
Command-01: Load List for Design.
Click: Commands =Click : Loading= Click : Load List.

5
Concrete Design by STAAD Pro.

●Red: Y-Axis. Blue: Z-Axis.

6
Concrete Design by STAAD Pro.

●P0 = Nominal axial load at e=0.

●Pn= Nominal Axial Compression
strength at column section .
●Pn, max =This is a case of a
nominal force acting on the section
with minimum eccentricity. Pn
max.=0.80 Po for tied column.

●Des.Pn (=ØPn)= Calculated

nominal axial strength =378 k

●Des.Mn(ØMn)= Calculated nominal

Moment about Z-Axis =1256 k-‘

●Calculated Pu by STAAD:-
Pu=245 k <378 k.
Mu=816 k-ft. <1256 k-ft.

7
Interaction Diagram.

8
Interpretation of interaction Diagram.

9
column Stress

10
column Stress

●Tensile Stress= -1000 psi.

●Tension controlled
section.

¥Tensile Strength of
concrete –
● 1/8 to 1/12 of the
compressive strength.
●f(t)= 7.5 * ((f'c)^0.5)

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