Dng 4. Tm iu kin ca tham s hai ng tip xc nhau.

Th du 7. Goi (Cm) l thj ca hm s (m l tham

s). Tm m thj (Cm) tip xc vi truc honh.
Li gii.
Ta c:
(Cm) tip xc vi truc honh khi v chi khi h sau c nghim:

Nhn thy PT th hai ca h c hai nghim x = 3; x =m.
Vi x =3, thay vo PT u ca h, ta oc:
Vi x = m, thay vo PT u ca h v thu gon, ta oc:
hoc
hoc
Vy c bn gi trj cn tm ca m l :
Dng 3. Bi ton lin quan n s tip tuyn ca thj hm s
Th du 6. Cho hm s
c thj (C ). Tm nhng im trn ng thng y = 2 m t k ng ba tip tuyn n
(C ).
Li gii:
Ta c:
Gi s
M ( x0;2) thuc ng thng y = 2.
ng thng d i qua M vi h s gc k c PT
y= k(x-x0)+2.
d tip xc vi (C ) khi v chi khi h sau c nghim
Thay k t PT th hai vo PT u ca h v thu gon, ta oc:

Yu cu bi ton tong ong vi PT (1) c ba nghim phn bit, tc l PT(2) c hai
nghim phn bit khc -1.
iu ny xy ra khi v chi khi:

Vy M (x0;2) (vi x0 tha mn (3)) l cc im cn tm trn ng thng y = 2.

Th du 4. cho hm s
c thj (C ). Goi l giao im ca hai ng tim cn ca (C ). Tm cc im M trn ( C )
tip tuyn vi (C ) ti M ct tim cn ng, tim cn ngang ca (C ) ln lot ti A v B
sao cho ng trn ngoi tip tam gic AB c din tch nh nht.
Li gii:
Ta c:
Gi s
PT tip tuyn vi ( C ) ti M c dng:
Khi
Nhn thy:
, nn M l trung im ca AB
Ta c (2;2) v tam gic AB vung ti nn ng trn ngoi tip tam gic AB c din tch
l:
(BT Cauchy).
ng thc xy ra khi v chi khi:
hoc
Vy c hai im cn tm l M1(1;1) v M2(3;3).
Vit phong trnh tip tuyn vi thj hm s y = f(x), bit rng tip tuyn i qua im
M(x0;y0).
Cch gii.
Loc chung gii bi ton nh sau:
S dung mnh v iu kin tip xc ca hai ng trnh by trong phn kin thc cn
nh.
Quy v Bi ton 1 (tc l quy v tm toa tip im ca tip tuyn vi thj).
Th du 3. Vit phong trnh tip tuyn vi thj ( C ) ca hm s
, bit rng tip tuyn i qua im M(0;4).
Li gii:
ng thng d i qua M vi h s gc k c PT
ng thng d tip xc vi thj (C) khi v chi khi h sau c nghim

Thay k t PT th hai v PT u ca h v thu gon, ta oc:
hoc:
hoc:
C 3 tip tuyn tha mn vi PT l y = 4;
iu kin tip xc.
ng thng y = kx+b tip xc vi ng cong y = f(x) khi v chi khi h phong trnh:
c nghim.
Bi 6: Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh thoi tm O cnh a,

BAD
0
60 =
, SO (ABCD),

a
SB SD
13
4
= = . Gi l t!"n# i$m BC, % l t!"n# i$m B.
&) Ch'n# minh: (SO%) (")n# #c (SBC).
*) +,nh -ho.n# cch t/ O ( A 0n (SBC).
c) Gi (

) l m1t ph2n# 3"& AD ( (")n# #c (SBC). 4c 5nh thi0t

6i7n c8& hnh chp *5 c9t *:i (

). +,nh #c #i;& (

) ( (ABCD).
&) Ch'n# minh: (SO%) (")n# #c
(SBC).
CBD <", l t!"n# i$m BC
n=n D BC
BD c O% l >?n# t!"n#
*nh n=n O%@@D,
D BC O% BC
(A)
B'
C'
K
F
E O
D
C
A B
S
H
SO (ABCD) SO BC (B)
+/ (A) ( (B) BC (SO%)
C BC

(SBC) n=n (SO%) (SBC).

*) +,nh -ho.n# cch t/ O ( A 0n (SBC).
DE OF S%G (SO%) (SBC),
SOF SBC SF OH SF ( ) ( ) , =
OH SBC d O SBC OH ( ) ( ,( )) =
O% H
a
a
1 3 3
.
2 2 4
= ,
a
SO SB OB SO
2 2 2
3
4
= =
a
OH
OH SO OF
2 2 2
1 1 1 3
8
= + =
+!on# m1t ph2n# (ACF), (E AI@@ OF (Ji I CF AI (SBC)
d A SBC AK ( ,( )) =

a a
AK OH AK d A SBC
3 3
2 ( ,( ))
4 4
= = =
c)
AD SBC AKD ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4c 5nh thi0t 6i7n
DK thLy
K K SBC ( ), ( )
I () (SBC).
C1t -hc AD @@ BC,
AD SBC ( )
n=n
SBC K BC ( ) ( ) , = P
Gi
B SB C SC ' , ' = =
BC @@ BC BC @@ AD
DMy thi0t 6i7n c8& hnh chp S.ABCD *5 c9t *?i () l hnh th&n#
ABNCND
SO (ABCD), O% l hnh chi0" c8& S% t!=n (ABCD) n=n S% BC
S% AD (O)

SF OH OH AK SF AK , P
(OO)
+/ (O) ( (OO) t& c S% ()
S% (), SO (ABCD) ( )

ABCD SF SO OSF ( ),( ) ( , ) = =

a
OF
OSF
a SO
3
1
4
tan
3
3
4
= = = ( )

ABCD
0
( ),( ) 30 =
Bi 6:
&) Ch'n# minh cc m1t *=n hnh chp l
cc t&m #ic (")n#.
SA (ABCD) n=n SA BC, AB
BC (#t)
O
I
K
A
B
D C
S
H
BC (SAB)

BC SB SBC (")n# ti B.
SA (ABCD)

SA CD, CD AD (#t)

CD (SAD)

CD SD

SCD (")n# ti D
SA (ABCD) n=n SA AB, SA AD

cc t&m #ic SAB ( SAD <" (")n# ti A.

*) Ch'n# minh: (SAC) (")n# #c (API).
SA (ABCD)

SA BD, BD AC

BD (SAC)
SAB ( SAD (")n# cn ti A, AI SA ( AP SB
n=n P ( I l cc t!"n# i$m c8& AB ( AD

PI@@BD
m BD (SAC) n=n PI (SAC)

(API) (SAC)
c) +,nh #c #i;& SC ( (SAB).
CB AB (t/ #t),CB SA (SA (ABCD)) n=n CB (SAB) hnh
chi0" c8& SC t!=n (SAB) l SB ( ) ( )

SC SAB SC SB CSB ,( ) , = =
+&m #ic SAB (")n# cn c AB H SA H &

BC
SB a CSB
SB
2 tan 2 = = =
6) +,nh -ho.n# cch t/ A 0n (SBD).
F AF SO , AF BD 6o BD (SAC)

AF (SBD)

a
AH
AH SA AO a a a
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 2 3
3
= + = + = =

( ) ( )
a
d A SBD
3
,
3
=
Cu 5: Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh thoi tm O cnh a,

BAD
0
60 =
, >?n# c&o SO H
a.
&) Gi I l hnh chi0" c8& O l=n BC. Ch'n# minh !Qn#: BC (SOI)
*) +,nh #c #i;& SI ( mp(ABCD).
c) +,nh -ho.n# cch #i;& AD ( SB
&) AB H AD H a,

BAD
0
60 =
BAD <" BD a =
BC OI, BC SO BC (SOI).
*) +,nh #c c8& SI ( mp(ABCD)
SO (ABCD)

( )

SK ABCD SKO ,( ) =
BOC c
a a
OB OC
3
,
2 2
= =

a
OK
OK OB OC
2 2 2
1 1 1 3
4
= + =

SO
SKO
OK
4 3
tan
3
= =
S
A B
C
D
O
K
F
H
0
60
c) +,nh -ho.n# cch #i;& AD ( SB
AD @@ BC AD @@ (SBC) d AD SB d A SBC ( , ) ( ,( )) =
DE O% SI O% (SBC)
DE AF @@ O%, F C% AF (SBC) d AD SB d A SBC AH ( , ) ( ,( )) = = .
CAF c O% l >?n# t!"n# *nh n=n AF H B.O%
SOI c OI H
a 3
4
, OS H a
a
OF
OF OS OK
2 2 2
1 1 1 57
19
= + =
a
AH OF
2 57
2
19
= =
Bi 5. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh (")n# cnh a, SA (ABCD) ( SA H Ba.
A) Ch'n# minh SAC SBD ( ) ( ) G SCD SAD ( ) ( )
B) +,nh #c #i;& SD ( (ABCD)G SB ( (SAD) G SB ( (SAC).
R) +,nh 6(A, (SCD))G 6(B,(SAC))
Bi 5:
A) BD AC, BD SA BD (SAC) (SBD)
(SAC)
CD AD, CD SA CD (SAD) (DCS)
(SAD)
B) +m #c #i;& SD ( m1t ph2n# (ABCD)
SA (ABCD)

( )

SD ABCD SDA ,( ) =

SA a
SDA
AD a
2
tan 2 = = =
+m #c #i;& SB ( m1t ph2n# (SAD)
AB (ABCD)

( )

SB SAD BSA ,( ) =

AB a
BSA
SA a
1
tan
2 2
= = =
+m #c #i;& SB ( m1t ph2n# (SAC).
BO (SAC)

( )

SB SAC BSO ,( ) =
.
a
OB
2
2
=
,
a
SO
3 2
2
=

OB
BSO
OS
1
tan
3
= =
R) +,nh -ho.n# cch t/ A 0n (SCD)
+!on# SAD, (E >?n# c&o AF. +& c: AF SD, AF CD AF (SCD) 6(A,(SCD)) H AF.
a
AH
AH SA AD a a
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 2 5
5
4
= + = + =
a
d A SCD
2 5
( ,( ))
5
=
+,nh -ho.n# cch t/ B 0n (SAC)
BO (SAC) 6(B,(SAC)) H BO H
a 2
2
Cu 5
&) AB H AD H a,

BAD
0
60 =
BAD <" BD a =
S
A
B
C D
O
H
S
A B
C
D
O
K
F
H
0
60
BC OI, BC SO BC (SOI).
*) +,nh #c c8& SI ( mp(ABCD)
SO (ABCD)

( )

SK ABCD SKO ,( ) =
BOC c
a a
OB OC
3
,
2 2
= =

a
OK
OK OB OC
2 2 2
1 1 1 3
4
= + =

SO
SKO
OK
4 3
tan
3
= =
c) +,nh -ho.n# cch #i;& AD ( SB
AD @@ BC AD @@ (SBC) d AD SB d A SBC ( , ) ( ,( )) =
DE O% SI O% (SBC)
DE AF @@ O%, F C% AF (SBC) d AD SB d A SBC AH ( , ) ( ,( )) = = .
CAF c O% l >?n# t!"n# *nh n=n AF H B.O%
SOI c OI H
a 3
4
, OS H a
a
OF
OF OS OK
2 2 2
1 1 1 57
19
= + =
a
AH OF
2 57
2
19
= =