Expt 11 questions

*Note: I have the 10

th
Edition, so the questions might be different from the 9
th
Edition.
Prelab:
1.
a. Colligative properties are the properties of a solvent that depend on the concentration
of solute particles dissolve in it.
b. 0.01 mol of CaCl
2
has the greatest effect on the colligative properties for a given mass of
pure water because it has three particles
2. Water from an underground aquifer probably has more minerals dissolved in it, so it will have a
lower (depressed) freezing point than the glacier.
3. Calculations:
Delta T = k
f
* m * i
Solution A: 0.0154 kg solvent, 0.14 g solute, molar mass M, k
f
= 9.1
Delta T = (9.1)*(0.14/M)*(1/0.0154)
= 82.73 / M
Solution B: 0.0127 kg solvent, 0.17 g solute, molar mass M, k
f
= 6.55
Delta T = (6.55)*(0.17/M)*(1/0.0127)
= 87.677 / M
Therefore, B has the greater freezing point change

4.
a. Four
b. Cooling curve for cyclohexane, cooling curve for cyclohexane plus unknown solution.
This tells us the freezing point and freezing point difference (depression) when adding
more solute.
5.
a. A
i. Mass of cyclohexane in solution = 0.01014 kg
ii. Delta T = k
f
* m * i
3.04 = 20 * (moles / 0.010385 kg)
Moles = 0.00158
Therefore, moles of solute = 0.00158 mol
iii. Mass of solute in solution = 0.255 g
iv. Molar mass of solute = 0.255 g / 0.00158 mol = 161.392 g / mol
b. Average molar mass of solute = (161.392 + 151 + 143) / 3 = 151.797 g / mol
c. SD = sqrt( (151.797 -161.392)^2 + (151.797 151)^2 + (151.797 143)^2 ) / (3-1)
= 9.222 g / mol
%RSD = (9.222 / 151.797) * 100
= 6.075%
Lab Questions:
2. The reported moles of solute will be too high because, using the equation Delta T = k
f
* m, if the
recorded temperature is higher, then the moles of solute will be greater.
4. This loss of cyclohexane will result in the freezing point of the solution being recorded as too low
because, using the equation Delta T = k
f
* m, if the amount of cyclohexane is lower, the molality (mol of
solute / mass of solvent) will be lower, so Delta T will be lower.
5. The dissociation of the solute will affect the reported molar mass as too high because its mass was
measured on the scale before it started dissociating in the solution.