ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.

Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 1

SOLUTION OF TUTORIAL 3
QUESTION 1
(a)
0 2
1 d
V N
D
V N
= See lecture notes for derivation.
(b)
2
1 N = ;
1
2 N = ; 12
d
V V = ;
0
3.5 V V =
min
0.5( )
o
I A = ; 100
s
f kHz =
0 1
2
3.5 2
0.583
12 1
d
V N
D
V N
= = =
For CCM:
0
0
2
L
i V
I
R
A
s =
2
0
0 1
2
d
s
N
V V
V N
DT
L R

s
0 0
(1 )
2
s
D V V
T
L R

s
(1 ) (1 0.583) 3.5
14.6
2 2 100,000 0.5
s
D R
L H
f


> = =

(c) This topology requires no tertiary winding. Energy trapped in the magnetizing
winding and in the leakage flux are both returned to the DC source.
- The switching loss is twice as much as in a single-ended converter.



ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 2

QUESTION 2
216
d
V V =
0
20 V V =
0
20 I A = 50
s
f kHz =
(a)
0 2
1
2
d
V N
D
V N
=
2
1
20
2 0.25
216
N
N
=
2
1
20 10 5
2 216 0.25 54 27
N
N
= = =


D was choose to be 0.25 in order to have the greatest range of variation of D (ie
from 0-0.5)
2
5 N = turns
1
27 N = turns
(b) For CCM:
0
0
2
L
i V
I
R
A
s =
2
0
0 1
2
2
d
s
N V
V
V N
DT
L R

=
0
0
0 2
2
s
V
DV
V
T
L R

=
0
(1 2 ) (1 0.5) 1
2.5( )
4 4 50,000
s
D R
L H
f


= = =

(c)
0 0
0 2
1
( ) (1 2 )
2 2 4
16 8 (2 )
L s
d s
s
s
i T
Q aV V DT D V
V T
C C LC LC f
A

A = = = =

ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 3

0
2
0
1 2
0.01
8 (2 )
s
V D
V LC f
A
= =

2
1 2
250
8 (2 ) 0.01
s
D
C F
L f

= =

QUESTION 3
Cuk Converter with non-reversed polarity Output


For
1
L
0
s
DT
T is ON, D is OFF
1 L d
v V =
s s
DT T
T is OFF, D is ON
1
1 1 2
2
L d C C
N
v V V V
N
= +
Using Volt-second balance:
1
1 2
2
(1 ) 0
d s d C C s
N
V DT V V V D T
N

+ + =
`
)

1
1 2
2
1
d
C C
V N
V V
D N
=

(1)
d
V D C R
0
I
1
N
2
N
1
L
C1
i L1
i
0
V
1
C
2
C
2
L
C2
i
L2
i
2
L
v +
1 L
v +
2
C
v + 1
C
v +
T 1
v
2
v
ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 4

For
2
L
0
s
DT
2
2 1 2 0
1
L C C
N
v V V V
N
= +
s s
DT T
2 0 L
v V = +
Using Volt-second balance:
2
1 2 0 0
1
(1 ) 0
C C s s
N
V V V DT V D T
N

+ + =
`
)

0 2
1 2
1
C C
V N
V V
D N
= +
1 0 1
1 2
2 2
C C
N V N
V V
N D N
= (2)
From (1) and (2):
1 0
2
1
d
V N V
D N D
=

0 2
1
1
d
V N D
V N D
=

The negative sign implies that the polarity of
0
V is opposite to the sign indicated in
the figure above.


ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 5

QUESTION 4
ZCS Converter
0
12 V V = ; 0.1
r
C F = ; 10
r
L H = ;
0
1 I A = ;
100
s
f kHz =









(a)
6
0
1
10 ( /sec)
r r
rad
L C
= =
6
0 6
10 10
10( )
0.1 10
r
r
L
Z
C

= = = O

r
L
0
L
Lr
i
d
V D
T
r
C
0
V
0
I
0
C
0
I
R
D
i
C
v
C
i
Cr
v
Lr
i
0
1
t
1
t'
1
t''
2
t
3
t
S
T
0
I
ON
OFF
d
V
2
d
V
ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 6

0 0 1
0
sin ( )
d
Lr
V
i I t t
Z
= +
- During
1
0 t : D is ON. Hence
Lr
i rises at a rate
d
r
V
L
.
Lr
i reaches
0
I at
1
t
given by :
0 1
d
r
V
I t
L
=
0
1
r
d
I L
t
V
=
- During resonant
| |
0 0 1
0
sin (
d
Lr
V
i I t t
Z
= +
where
0
I is the initial inductor current
1
t .
Lr
i reaches zero at
2
t given by:
| |
0 0 2 1
0
0 sin (
d
V
I t t
Z
= +
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 1
0 0
1 1
sin sin
d d
I Z I Z
t t
V V




( (

= = +
`
( (
)

The Capacitor voltage
Cr
v is given by
{ }
0 1
0 0
cos ( )
Lr d r
Cr d r d
di V L
v V L V t t
dt Z

= =
{ }
0 1
cos ( )
Cr d d
v V V t t ' =
1
max 2
Cr d
v V = when
0 1
( ) t t ' = .
ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 7

6
0
1
1 10 10
0.833 sec
12
r
d
I L
t
V

= = =
1
0 0
2 1 6
1
sin 4.13 sec
10
d
I Z
t t
V

(

== + =
`
(
)

From
2
t , Dis off, because

Cr
v is +ve.
Hence
r
C charge at constant current -
0
I until
Cr
v fall to zero.
2
0 2
1
( )
t
Cr Cr
r t
v I dt v t
C
= +
}

{ }
0 2 0 2 1
1
( ) cos ( )
Cr d d
r
v I t t V V t t
C
= +
Cr
v reaches zero at
3
t given by:
{ }
0 2 3 0 2 1
1
0 ( ) 1 cos ( )
d
r
I t t V t t
C
( = +


{ }
3 2 0 2 1
0
1 cos ( )
d r
V C
t t t t
I
( =


{ }
6
6 6
3 2
12 0.1 10
1 cos 10 4.13 10
1
t t

(
=


3 2
1.86 sec t t =
1
0 2 1 3 2
( ) ( )
2
d s
t
V V f t t t t
(
= + +
(


6
0
0.833
12 100,000 4.13 1.86 10
2
V

(
= + +
(


ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 8

0
7.69 V V =
(b) { }
0 0 1
0
sin ( )
d
Lr
V
i I t t
Z
= +
, 0
0
12
1 2.2( )
10
d
Lr Peak
V
i I A
Z
= + = + =
(c) Because
0
I remains the same for
0
6 V V = ,
0
V is proportional to
s
f .
6
100 78
7.69
s
f kHz kHz = =
(d)
,max
3
1
s
f
t
=
3 1 2 1 3 2
( ) ( ) 0.833 4.13 1.86 t t t t t t = + + = + +
3
6.82 sec t =
,max 6
1
146
6.82 10
s
f kHz

= =

(e) Solution requires repetition of all calculations up to start (c), for
0
0
8
0.4( )
20
V
I A
R
= = = . Once
1
t ;
2 1
( ) t t ; and
3 2
( ) t t are found,
s
f can be found
from the expression for
0
V .




ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 9

QUESTION 5
ZVS Converter
20
d
V V = ; 1
r
L H = ; 0.047
r
C F = ;
0
5 I A = ;













6
0
6 6
1 1
4.61 10 /sec
10 0.047 10
r r
rad
L C

= = =


d
V
S
D
T
r
C
0
V
0
I
0
C
1
D
Cr
v
oi
v |
Cr
v
d
V
oi
v
0
1
t
1
t'
1
t''
2
t
3
t
0
I
Lr
i
S
T
OFF
T
ON
T
d
V
r
L
0
L
Lr
i
ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 10

6
0 6
10
4.61
0.047 10
r
r
L
Z
C

= = = O

Switch T is turned off at t=0, when
Lr
i transfer to
r
C .
Cr
v charges up with
0
I
until
C
v rises to
d
V

at
1
t . From
1
t ,
1
D starts conducting and a resonant pulse occurs
involving
d
V ,
r
L and
r
C .
1
t is found from
0
0
0
1
t
Cr
r r
I
v I dt t
C C
= =
}

Thus
1
0
d r
V C
t
I
= . This assumes that
Lr
i remains constant during
1
0 t (while
1
D
remain off). Thus
1
(1 )
i d
t
v V
t
= during
1
0 t
- For
1
0 t t s s
6
1
0
0.047 10 20
0.188( sec)
5
r d
C V
t
I

= = =
- For
1 2
t t t s s
1
2 1
0 0 0
1
sin
d
V
t t
I Z

(
| |
= +
( |
\ .

1
2 1 6
1 20
sin
4.61 10 5 4.61
t t

( | |
= +
|
(

\ .


2 1
0.909 sec t t =
ELEC9711 Advance power electronic F.Rahman/ 2009

Tutorial 3 Page 11

- For
2 3
t t t s s
| |
0
3 2 0 2 1
1 cos ( )
r
d
L I
t t t t
V
=
6
6 6
3 2
10 5
1 cos(4.61 10 )(0.909 10 )
20
t t

( =


3 2
0.375 sec t t =
Output voltage(
0
V )
1
0 2 1 3 2
1 ( ) ( )
2
d s
t
V V f t t t t
(
= + +
`
(

)

6
0.188
10 20 1 0.909 0.375 10
2
s
f

(
= + +
`
(

)

362.8
s
f kHz =
(b)
T Cr
v v =

max 0 0
20 5 4.61 43.05
Cr d
v V I Z V = + = + =