LEAP

BRIDGE
Bridge Geometry, Substructure & Superstructure
Volume II - Tutorials
Version 09.00.00




DAA038530-1/0001
LEAP

BRIDGE USER MANUAL Volume I

TRADEMARK NOTICE
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the property of their respective owners.

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If this software is acquired for or on behalf of the United States of America, its
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"commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software
documentation," respectively, pursuant to 48 C.F.R. 12.212 and 227.7202, and
"restricted computer software" pursuant to 48 C.F.R. 52.227-19(a), as applicable.
Use, modification, reproduction, release, performance, display or disclosure of
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subject to restrictions as set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to 48 C.F.R.
12.212, 52.227-19, 227.7202, and 1852.227-86, as applicable.
Contractor/Manufacturer is Bentley Systems, Incorporated, 685 Stockton Drive,
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Unpublished - rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States and
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2009, Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
Including software, file formats, and audiovisual displays; may only be used
pursuant to applicable software license agreement; contains confidential and
proprietary information of Bentley Systems, Incorporated and/or third parties
which is protected by copyright and trade secret law and may not be provided or
otherwise made available without proper authorization.

DISCLAIMER
Although this program has been written and tested by Bentley Systems, Inc., no
warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the accuracy or functioning of the
program and related program material. In no event will Bentley System, Inc. be
liable for any damages, including, without limitation, incidental and consequential
damages and damages for lost data or profits, arising out of the use of or inability
to use the licensed program.
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 TOC-i
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Table of Contents
Chapter T Tutorial Sessions
Tutorial T1 3-Span Precast I-Girder
Superstructure Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-4
Substructure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-5
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-6
Tutorial T2 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge
Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-3
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-5
Tutorial T3 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge
Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-3
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-4
Index
TOC--ii LEAP Bridge v09.00.00
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LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T-1
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Chapter
T
Tutorial Sessions
The chapter consists of tutorial sessions for LEAP Bridge. These tutorials are designed to familiarize you with the
capabilities of the program through a hands-on approach.
Each tutorial takes you through an entire design session, screen-by-screen. Upon completing these tutorials, you
should be familiar with most of the features in LEAP Bridge. This chapter includes three tutorials.
Table T-1
Tutorial 1: 3-Span Precast I-girder Bridge 72-inch Bulb Tee Girder Design (LRFD) (U.S. Units)
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span prestressed girder bridge.
- How to design superstructure and piers via component programs.
- How to obtain geometry and design reports.
Tutorial 2: 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place post-tensioned box girder bridge.
- How to design the bridge superstructure and required PT.
- How to obtain geometric and design reports.
Tutorial 3: 3-Span CIP R/C Slab
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab
bridge.
- How to design bridge superstructures and piers.
- How to obtain geometric and design reports.
T-2 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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Tutorial Sessions
T
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Tutorial
T1
3-Span Precast I-Girder
This tutorial illustrates some of the basic features of LEAP Bridge. It takes you through a LEAP Bridge session,
step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a precast/prestressed bridge beam using the AASHTO LRFD design
code. In this tutorial, you will be designing beam 2 of span 1 of a three-span continuous bridge.
The information for Tutorial 1 is contained in a LEAP Bridge data file called Tutor1.xml and the folder called
Tutor1. As an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load
this file and only work on the sections that you wish. To load this file, select Open from the File menu. Move to the
LEAP Bridge\Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor1.xml.
Diagrams
Figure T1-1 Elevation View
The superstructure and substructure information are defined in CONSPAN and RC-PIER, and in this case are saved
in previous files. This session shows how this information is transferred to LEAP Bridge for full bridge description.
T1 -2 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T1
Figure T1-2 Cross-Section View
Figure T1-3 Span Data
Figure T1-4 Topping Data
Span 2 Span 1 Span 3
117'-0"
C
L L
C
L
C
L
L
C
C
117'-0" 117'-0"
115'-0" 115'-0" 115'-0"
(Brg. to Brg.)
( Pier to Pier)
(Brg. to Brg.)
( Pier to Pier)
(Brg. to Brg.)
( Pier to Pier)
116'-0"
(Precast Length) (Precast Length)
116'-0"
0'-6"
( Pier Precast End )
0'-6" 0'-6"
(Precast Length)
116'-0"
Pier Pier Pier P
C
L
C
L
C
L
8" Deck Thickness
BT-72
1/2"
Haunch Thickness
Haunch Width
42"
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T1 -3
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T1
Figure T1-5 Pattern for Tutorial 1
Symmetrical about midspan
Depress Point
.4L =46'
L/2 =57.5'
Li/2 =58.0'
a) Elevation
b) End Pattern c) Midspan Pattern
Straight Strands
Draped Strands
2 @ 10.5"
2 @ 68.5"
4 @ 8.5"
2 @ 66.5"
8 @ 6.5"
2 @ 64.5"
12 @ 4.5"
2 @ 62.5"
12 @ 2.5"
2 @ 60.5"
Beam End
T1 -4 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T1
Superstructure Data
Concrete Properties
Strength
Precast, release 5 ksi
Precast, 28 days 6 ksi
Cast-in-place topping, 28 days 3.5 ksi
Density, all concrete 150 pcf
Strand Properties
Strand Type 1/2 - 270 K - Low relaxation
(E
s
=28,000 ksi)
Two-point depressed pattern, depression
point at 0.4L
Rebar Properties
Grade 60 rebar
Prestress Loss Information
Calculation Method AASHTO LRFD
Hours to release 18
Relative humidity 75%
Live Load
HL-93
Dead Load
On precast 0.180 klf, due to stay-in-place
forms
Additional Dead Load
On composite 0.0305 ksf (applied over 51.0
ft.), due to future wearing
surface
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T1 -5
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T1
Substructure Data
Concrete Strength
Cap 4000 psi
Columns 4000 psi
Footings 4000 psi
Modulus of Elasticity 3834 ksi
Concrete Density
Cap 150 pcf
Columns 150 pcf
Footings 150 pcf
Other Parameters
Crack Control Factor z =170 kips/in
Pier Configuration
Cap: Length Height Depth =51 ft 54 in 54 in
Start Elevation =92.79 ft
End Elevation =92.79 ft
Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia =1.0 (non-cracked section)
Columns: Circular, Fixed at base
Column Height =20 ft
Diameter =36 in
Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia: =1.0 (non-cracked section)
Wind on Live Load
Wind Angle =+30
Footing Surcharge
Footing =0.200 ksf
T1 -6 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T1
Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.
Step 1
The Project screen will now be displayed, as shown in Figure T1-6. In theProject tab, enter the general
information in the fields as shown in Figure T1-6. From the File menu select Save As and save your data as
Tutor1.xml in a directory of your choice.
Figure T1-6 Project Tab Screen
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T1
Step 2
Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time the bridge is not defined, and nothing is
shown.
Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the superstructure is undefined.
Click the CONSPAN button to invoke CONSPAN.
Once in CONSPAN, open the file called T1_CN.csl, or enter the superstructure definition. Refer to the
CONSPAN User Manual for data entry in CONSPAN. Refer to the CONSPAN User Manual for analysis and
design of the superstructure, and complete the design of girder number 2 in span 1 (see Tutor 1 of CONSPAN
for the LFD version of this problem). Exit CONSPAN and answer Yes to the prompt for saving the data to
Tutor1.xml. Answer Yes to the question Would you like to generate the reports now? At this time, you will
have the bridge superstructure views on the Superstructure tab; see Figure T1-7.
Figure T1-7 Superstructure Tab
T1 -8 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T1
Step 3
Click the Substructure tab. Although PR01 is selected, it is undefined at this time. Click the RC-PIER button
to invoke the program. Once in RC-PIER, open the file called T1_RCP.rcp, or enter the substructure
definition. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual
for pier analysis, and design of cap. column and footings. Exit RC-PIER and answer YES to the prompt for
updating the file Tutor1.xml. Answer Yes to the prompt Would you like to generate the reports now?
Select PR02 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program once again. Open
the file T1_RCP.RCP and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T1-8.
Figure T1-8 Substructure View
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T1
Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and then click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH. Close the program and
answer Yes to the prompt to update the file Tutor1.xml. The Geometry view now shows the abutments added
by default by GEOMATH.
Figure T1-9 Geometry View
Step 5
On the Geometry tab you can click the Solid button to toggle to Transparent and zoom into the model to view
reinforcement in the entire bridge. You can also select specific components in the tree view for which you want
to look at reinforcement details in the lower 3-D view.
T1 -10 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T1
Figure T1-10 Geometry View Showing Substructure Reinforcement
Step 6
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the reports.
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T2-1
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Tutorial
T2
2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge
This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, and illustrates some of the basic features of the
program. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications.
The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called Tutor2.xml and a folder called Tutor2. As
an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and
only work on the sections you wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to the
LEAP BRIDGE/Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor2.xml.
This tutorial is based on a 2-span (162ft. 150ft.) example provided as CONBOX Tutor 2.
Figure T2-1 Elevation View
Figure T2-2 Typical Section (Post-Tensioning Ducts Not Shown)
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T2
Figure T2-3 Longitudinal Section and Post-Tensioning Layout
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T2
Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD
Units
U.S. (English)
Loss Type/Material Model
Lump Sum 20 ksi
Horizontal Offset
0.00
Pier Information
Type Integral
Column Size 4 x 6
Column Spacing 20
Column Length 28
P/T Tendons
Strand Type 1/2 - 270 ksi Low Relaxation (Es =28,500 ksi)
Tendon Type Unknown
Friction Coeff. 0.20
Wobble Coeff. (1/ft.) 0.0002
CIP Box Girder Integral Pier
Unit Weight (PCF) 150 150
E-Modulus, E28 (ksi) 3600 3250
Poissons Ratio 0.20 0.20
Thermal Coeff. (F)
6 10
-6
--
fci (ksi) 3.5 --
fc (ksi) 4.0 3.25
Humidity (%) 70 --
Ultimate Creep Coeff. Program Calculated --
Ultimate Shrinkage Strain Program Calculated --
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T2
Relaxation 0 ksi
J ack Type Left
Force Type Force
Left Force 7570 kips per tendon
Left Set 0.375
Right Force N/A
Right Set N/A
Live Load
HS20-44
Permit Trucks P5, P7, P9, P11 and P13
Live Load Distribution Factor
2.68 lanes Assume distribution factor based on full bridge.
Overall Deck Width lanes
Caltrans Bridge Design Practice Manual, Figure 2, Section 3.4.3.3 (page 1-13)
Additional Dead Loads
A.C. Overlay Assume 35 psf; w =0.035[37.5 - 2 (1.75)] =1.190 klf
Concrete Barrier Assume 392 psf; w =0.392 x 2 =0.894 klf
Load Combinations
Dead Loads Superimposed
Dead Loads
Live Loads
Initial Self Weight N/A N/A
Final Without Sway Self Weight A.C. Overlay
Concrete Barrier
HS20 Truck +Lane
Permit Vehicles
37.5
14
---------- 2.68 =
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T2
Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.
Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is
not defined and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once
again, the superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX,
open the file called T2_CBX.cbx or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User
Manual for data entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for saving that data file, and
save it as Tutor2.xml. At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP Bridge will display the superstructure
geometry as shown in Figure T2-4.
Figure T2-4 Superstructure Screen
Step 2
Click theProject tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T2-5.
T2-6 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T2
Figure T2-5 Project Tab Screen
Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the integral pier geometry is shown. Click the RC-PIER button to invoke
the program. Once in RC-PIER, you can notice that all of the information related to the integral cap pier as defined
in CONBOX has been brought over. You can choose to continue to add additional information and analyze the
substructure in RC-PIER. In this example, we will focus on the data transfer aspect only. You can view the
transferred information in the Geometry tab, in thePier Config, SuperStr, Cap, Column and Brng/Girder dialogs.
Click OK to close RC-PIER.
Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH.
Exit GEOMATH and note the abutments are added to the bridge by default as shown in Figure T2-6.
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T2
Figure T2-6 Geometry Screen
Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.
T2-8 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T2
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T3-1
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Tutorial
T3
3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge
This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a continuous
3-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the
AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications.
The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called Tutor3.xml. As an alternative to inputting all
the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and only work on the sections you
wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to theLEAPBRIDGE/Examples
subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file Tutor3.xml.
This tutorial is adapted from the Kansas Department of Transportations concrete haunched slab standards.
Figure T3-1 Elevation View
T3-2 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T3
Figure T3-2 Cast-in-Place Concrete Haunch Slab
Figure T3-3 Cross Section (A-A)
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T3
Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD
Units
English
Rebar Information
fy = Grade 60
Superimposed Dead Loads
On Composite (DW) FWS =0.9538 K/ft
On Composite (DC) 2 barriers =0.55 K/ft
Load Combinations
CIP Slab Drop-Cap Pier
Unit Weight (Pcf) 150 150
E-Modulus, E28 (Ks) 4000 4000
Poissons Ratio 0.20 0.20
Thermal Coeff. (1/F)
6 10
-6
--
fci (a) - --
fc (a) 5 5
Humidity (%) 80 --
Ultimate Creep Coeff. Program Calculated --
Ultimate Shrinkage Strain Program Calculated --
Dead
Loads
Superimposed
Dead Loads
Live
Loads
Self Weight FWS
Concrete Barrier
HL-93 Multilane
T3-4 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T3
Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.
Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is not
defined, and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the
superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX, open the file
called T3_CBX.cbx, or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User Manual for data
entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP Bridge model, and No to
generate reports. Now save the LEAP Bridge file as Tutor3.xml. At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP
Bridge will display the superstructure geometry as shown in Figure T3-4.
Figure T3-4 Superstructure Screen
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T3
Step 2
Click the Project tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T3-5.
Figure T3-5 Project Tab Screen
Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the pier geometry is shown. In this case, the pier was defined as a drop cap
and therefore can be imported in RC-PIER. While Bent1 is selected in the pier list, click the RC-PIER button to
invoke the program.
Once in RC-PIER, open the file called T3_RCP.rcp or enter the substructure definition. Refer to the RC-PIER
User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Exit the program and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP
Bridge model. Select Bent2 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once
again, open the file T3_RCP.rcp and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T3-6.
T3-6 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T3
Figure T3-6 Substructure Tab Screen
Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH.
You can view detailed geometry information, and get quick reports for elevation, cross sections, etc. within
GEOMATH. Next, exit GEOMATH and click OK to update the LB model.
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II T3-7
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T3
Figure T3-7 Geometry Tab Screen
Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.
T3-8 LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 Volume II
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T3
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes 1 & II Index - i
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Index - Volumes I and II
Numerics
2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge T2-1
3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge T3-1
3-Span Precast I-Girder T1-1
A
ABC Wizard CU-1, CU-5
Adding Curves GO-21
Adding Tangents GO-20
Automatic Bridge Creator IN-3
Automatic Bridge Creator (ABC) Wizard GO-15
B
Bridge Alignment Dialog Box GO-20
bridge superstructure CU-1
C
Component Program Libraries A-1
Component Reports RP-7
Components Menu GO-13
CONBOX IN-3, GO-8, GO-11, RP-7, A-1
CONSPAN IN-3, GO-8, GO-11, RP-7, TH-2, A-1
Creating Alignment Ties GO-21
Cross Section Report RP-5
D
Data
CONBOX TH-1
CONSPAN TH-1
exchange TH-1
GEOMATH TH-1
RC-PIER TH-1
Shared TH-2
storage TH-1
data TH-1
Data Entry CU-1
Database file TH-2
Defining Multiple Bridges Using the ABC Wizard GO-25
Deleting Segments GO-21
E
Edit Menu GO-12
F
File Menu GO-11
File Menu Terms GO-12
G
General overview GO-2
GEOMATH IN-3, GO-6, GO-11, RP-7, TH-2
Libraries A-1
Geometric Design CU-3, CU-4
Geometry Tab GO-6
Geometry Tab Screen Terms GO-6
Getting Started GS-1, CU-1
Graphics windows GO-2
Pop-up menus GO-2
Index - ii LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II
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H
Hardware requirements GS-1
Help Menu GO-27
I
Input Files GO-5
Interface IN-5
L
Layout Report RP-3, RP-4
LEAP Bridge Configurations GS-7
LEAP Bridge Reports RP-2
Libraries
Component Programs A-1
Libraries Menu GO-13
M
Main Features IN-3
Material Properties Definition GO-19
Material Report RP-6
Menus
Components GO-13
File GO-11
Graphical Options GO-14
Help GO-27
Libraries GO-13
View GO-12
Microsoft .NET GS-1
Multiple file copies GS-8
N
Navigating the program GO-2
O
Online Help IN-5, GO-27
open girder bridge superstructure and substructure CU-2
Opening Database Files GO-5
Options Menu GO-14
P
Pile Pattern GO-17
Pop-up menus
In graphics windows GO-2
Print Tab RP-1
Program Boundaries and Conventions IN-4
Project information GO-5
Project Information Report RP-2
Project Tab GO-5
R
RC-PIER IN-3, GO-9, GO-11, RP-7, A-1
Reports IN-3, GO-10, RP-1
Component RP-7
CONBOX RP-7
CONSPAN RP-7
create GO-10
Cross Section - Cast-in-Place Bridge RP-5
Cross Section - Precast Bridge RP-5
GEOMATH RP-7
Geometry GO-11
Layout Report - Cast-in-Place Bridge RP-4
Layout Report - Precast Bridge RP-3
LEAP Bridge GO-11, RP-2
Material RP-6
Print RP-1
Project Information RP-2
RC-PIER RP-7
Save RP-1
Setup RP-1
Substructure GO-11
Superstructure, CIP GO-11
Superstructure, Precast GO-11
View RP-1
Reports Tab GO-10
Reports Tab Screen Terms GO-10
LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II Index - iii
Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
S
Screen Terms
Geometry Tab GO-6
Reports Tab GO-10
Status Bar Option GO-27
Substructure Tab GO-9
Superstructure Tab GO-8
Security GO-12
shared data CU-6, CU-9, CU-13
Status Bar Options GO-27
Status Bar Options Terms GO-27
Substructure Data Definition GO-17
Substructure Tab GO-9
Substructure Tab Screen Terms GO-9
Superstructure Data Definition GO-16
Superstructure Tab GO-7
Superstructure Tab Screen Terms GO-8
System requirements GS-1
T
Technical Support GS-8
Tutorials
Tutorial 1 - 3-Span Precast I-Girder T1-1
Tutorial 2 - 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge T2-1
Tutorial 3 - 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge T3-1
Typographical conventions IN-2
U
Units IN-5
V
View Menu GO-12
Views GO-14
2-D GO-8, GO-9
3-D IN-3, IN-4, GO-7
Project Tree IN-3
transparent IN-4
W
Wizard / A B C GO-15
Wizard / ABC
Advanced Functionality GO-20
X
XML GO-5, TH-1
Index - iv LEAP Bridge v09.00.00 - Volumes I & II
Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.