CONVENTIONAL SEPARATION

TECHNIQUES

Topic 6
Extraction

22nd March 2011

DrSabiha/CHM421/Dec 10-Apr11

Solvent extraction
Organic and inorganic substances distribute
themselves between two immiscible liquids,
each of them very differently.
These differences have been used for
separation of chemical species.

Liquid-liquid extraction
A useful method to separate components
(compounds) of a mixture.

Separatory Funnel Extraction Procedure

Separatory funnels are designed to facilitate the mixing of
immiscible liquids.

Liquid-liquid extraction advantages :

1. Able to extract large quantity of sample.
2. Widely applied to both organic and inorganic samples
extraction.
Liquid-liquid extraction disadvantages:
1. Limited to water immiscible samples.
2. Formation of emulsion may takes place during
shaking.
3. Large volume of solvent used create waste disposal
problem.
4. Extraction process takes time.