ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Air Passenger Terminals

Design Guidelines

Arch. Annie Corpuz Pugeda, uap, M.A. Ed.

2 Basic Approaches to Terminal Planning

(effect on building form/detail layout)

Aircraft against or as near to the building

(connection by walking/mechanical airbridges)
Disadvantage: scale dictated by size o aircraft
Aircraft remote from terminal (passenger
transport vehicles)

Checklist on Basic Data Requirements

Sizing the terminal and related facilities

Aircraft movements (passenger aircraft only)

Passenger movements
Baggage
Visitors
Employees
Landside transportation

Basic data on local conditions and

constraints
Site conditions
(topography/site conditions/climate)
Master plan
Airside constraints
(height restrictions/siting restrictions/material
restrictions/noise contours/existing fixed facilities
Landside constraints
(road & public transportation facilities/adjacent
commercial, industrial, residential developments)

Checklist of Basic Planning Objectives

Land transport
Passenger convenience & safety
Security & its effect on flow planning
Baggage handling
Extensibility & adaptability
Basic administrative requirements

Checklist of Basic Planning Concepts

Basic terminal types & configurations

Centralized
Decentralized
Unit terminal
Basic terminal flow patterns

Checklist of Detailed Design Requirements

Passenger & Visitor Facilities (Landside)
Transport between terminal and centers of
population
Transport within airport environs
Kerbside areas
Concourse areas
Check-in facilities

Checklist of Detailed Design Requirements

Passenger Amenities & Processing
Facilities (Airside)

Departing passengers
Arriving passengers
Transit & transfer passengers
VIP/CIP passengers
Methods of passenger movement through
the terminal
Methods of connection to aircraft

Checklist of Detailed Design Requirements

General Terminal Facilities

Baggage handling system

Catering
Security
Administrative & general terminal support
facilities
Building services

Checklist of Detailed Design Requirements

Aircraft & Apron Operations

Aircraft parking stand arrangements

Aircraft servicing arrangements
Aircraft fuelling operations
Aircraft maintenance facilities
Air traffic control (ATC) facilities
Firefighting and rescue facilities

Design Problem
A private corporation has commissioned an architect to prepare the plans of an
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE AVIATION INDUSTRY (the complex title) of
international standard. This will be the master plan for the aviation program for year 1996
in keeping up with the proposed full implementation of deregulation (open-skies) and
privatization of the national flag carrier to serve million of tourists worldwide and the export
drive of the government under new flyingrights, expanded cabotage rights and
competitive airfares; and shall be established in at least 6 major points of the nation.
The site development plan (SDP) is desired to isolate the various structures and facilities
which are, among others, the landing strips, taxiway turn paths, runway holding bay for
modern aircraft; passenger terminal, cargo terminal, administration building, commercial
aircraft facilities such as hangers, maintenance and service airport entrance road,
perimeter/paved service road, operational activities, provided by government such as air
traffic control, communications and weather forecasting, those provided by airport
management such as 18 garage stalls, equipment buildings, for fire and crash rescue,
aircraft sales, storage maintenance and flight training, the cargo and air mail building,
pavement areas for passenger loading apron, service apron, storage, hangar for two
aircrafts. There will be parking to serve the complex. Include personal accommodations
such as lockers, locker rooms, multi-purpose room (for employees, lunch. etc.). Include a
hotel complex for transit passengers away from this site.

Design Problem
The terminal, which must be designed based on a gate-lounge concept (consolidated) is
the transfer point between land and air, and shall provide deplaning and enplaning
spatial facilities such as valet parking for 60 cars (20 short-turn/40 long-turn); 150
cars, 20 buses, 20 baggage check-in counters, interline passengers, flight info, ticket
counters for at least 10 airline companies, processing, immigration processing, gate
lounges, baggage claim counters/conveyors system; tax-free gift shoppers malls;
boarding device; public corridor, security, operations; snacks/coffee areas for
passengers and non-passengers, senders and greeters areas; terminating
passengers, public health, transfer to domestic, , rent-a-car, public transportation,
private vehicles, etc. The movement of departing and arriving passengers , their
immigration and customs processing, baggage claiming should be smooth and must
not inter-mix. Escalators, moving sidewalks, elevators may be used. The curb
frontage shall have space for 20 private cars, 30 taxis, 5 limos, 5 bus spaces, 4
parking through lanes, and 3 through lanes. The terminal should service 6 aircrafts
from the four big airline companies,. The other airline companies will be served
through the boarding device of any of those allotted to them which shall be flexible to
serve smaller aircrafts.

Design Problem
The landing/take-off strip shall be according to the requirements of the Civil Aviation
Administration, length shall be over 10,000 ft. Basis for design analysis is Boeing
Med. 707-100B. Preliminary info are: seated passengers capacity 452; take-off
runway length of 5,000 meters; runway length-flaps 30 of 3,000 meters or 9840 feet
on a standard day with zero runway gradient and zero wind. For passenger/cargo
combination seats with 6 pallets volume per load is 3980 cubic feet or 107 cu.m.
passenger capacity 332. Other data are available at the figures shown. Design shall
be in accord also with the National Building Code. Consider land area not a constraint
in planning. The selected area is flat and bordered by sea on the westside. Indicate
NORTH on the SDP.
Meteorological data from PAGASA BASED ON 24-YEAR RECORD. Mean temperature
27.4 degrees; annual rainfall 1,423.5 mm; prevailing winds 2 meters per second
northeasterly (NE).