Chapter 6:Simulation of Power Quality Disturbance using Simulink and

Power Quality Analysis using Wavelet Transform

6.1 Introduction
Simulink is a visual simulation tool of Matlab; it can be used in the simulation of power system
and power electronics device. Simulink is a software package for modeling, simulating, and
analyzing dynamical systems. It supports linear and nonlinear systems, modeled in continuous
time, sampled time, or a hybrid of the two. Systems can also be multirate, i.e., have different
parts that are sampled or updated at different rates.
For modeling, Simulink provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for building models as block
diagrams, using click-and-drag mouse operations. With this interface, one can draw the models
just as one would with pencil and paper (or as most textbooks depict them). This is a far cry from
previous simulation packages that require to formulate differential equations and difference
equations in a language or program. Simulink includes a comprehensive block library of sinks,
sources, linear and nonlinear components, and connectors. We can also customize and create our
own blocks.

6.2 The Power System Blockset in Simulink

The Power System Blockset allows scientists and engineers to build models that simulate power
systems. The blockset uses the Simulink environment, allowing a model to be built using click
and drag procedures. Not only can the circuit topology be drawn rapidly, but the analysis of the
circuit can include its interactions with mechanical, thermal, control, and other disciplines. This
is possible because all the electrical parts of the simulation interact with Simulinks extensive
modeling library. Because Simulink usesMATLAB as the computational engine, MATLABs
toolboxes can also be used by the designer. The blockset libraries contain models of typical
power equipment such as transformers, lines, machines, and power electronics.

6.2.1 Simulink Model 1 for Power Quality Distubance (Sag and Swell):

Continuous
powergui
A
N

+
- v

Scope 2

B
C

Three -Phase Source

Scope

A Vabc
Iabc
B
a
b
C
c

Voltage Measurement

Series RLC Branch 1

Scope 1

Series RLC Branch

Three -Phase
Distributed Parameters Line
V-I Measurement

Distributed Parameters Line 1

Series RLC Branch 2

Scope 5

sig1

Multimeter

C
Scope 3

Signal To
Workspace1

Three -Phase Fault

sig
Signal To
Workspace

1
Multimeter1

Scope 4

Fig 6.1 The simulink model

The above model is designed in Simulink using the Power system Blockset.
Block

Parameter

Three phase source in series with R-L branch

Phase to Phase rms voltage=380V

Phase angle of phase A=0degree
Frequency=50 Hertz
Source Resistance=.001 Ohm
Source Inductance=16.58 mH

Three phase VI measurement

Phase to ground voltage measurement

Base voltage=380 V

Distributed parameter line

No of phase=3
Frequency=50 Hertz
Line length=40 km

Distributed parameter line1

No of phase=3
Frequency=50 Hertz
Line length=40 km

Series RL branch

R=10 ohm
L=.005 H

Voltage measurement

Type ideal
Table 6.1 Table of blocks used in Simulink model

6.3 Generation of fault and its Simulation Results

A single line to ground fault is generated at phase A between the two distributed parameter lines
between .11 to .15 second. Simulation time is .35 second.
Figure 6.2 shows the voltage waveform at fault point.

Ub: Three-Phase Fault/Fault A

200
0
-200
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.3

0.35

0.3

0.35

Ub: Three-Phase Fault/Fault B

200
0
-200
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Ub: Three-Phase Fault/Fault C

200
0
-200
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Fig 6.2 Voltage waveform at fault point

300

200

100

-100

-200

-300

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Fig 6.3 Voltage of Phase A in power side in single phase earthing fault(Sag)

Figure 6.3 shows voltage of phase A in power side in single phase earthing fault. The disturbance
type is Sag.
Figure 6.4 shows voltage of phase b in power side. The disturbance type is swell.

250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
-200
-250

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Fig 6.4 Voltage of phase B at power side (Swell)

The voltage waveform at phase A at power side is distorted. The disturbance type is sag. This
waveform is sent to workspace for analysis. Its energy deviation is calculated by using wavelet
coefficient. The voltage at phase B at power side is also distorted. The disturbance type is swell.
This waveform is also sent to workspace for analysis. Its energy deviation curve is also plotted in
figure 6.5.

Final Result:

Fig 6.5:Energy Deviation Curve for Sag

3.5

x 10

2.5

1.5

0.5

10

Fig 6.6 Energy deviation for swell

6.2.2 Simulink Model 2 for Harmonic Disturbance

Continuous
powergui
Scope 3

Scope 4

Scope

A
B
C

Scope 5

Three-Phase Source

A Vabc
Iabc
B
a
b
C
c

Scope 1

harm
Signal To
Workspace

Scope 6

Scope 2

Three-Phase
V-I Measurement
A

Current Measurement

B
C

Distributed Parameters Line

+ i
-

Universal Bridge

Series RLC Branch

The above model is designed in Simulink using Power system blockset.

Block

Parameter

3 phase source

Phase Rms voltage=380 V

Frequency=50 Hertz
Source resistance=.8929 Ohm
Source inductance=.001658 Henry

3 phase VI measurement

Voltage measurement- phase to ground

Base voltage=380 V

Distributed parameter line

Line length=40 km

Current measurement

Type ideal

Universal bridge

Number of bridge arms=3

Snubber resistance=500 Ohm
Snubber capacitance=infinity
Power electronics device used-diode
Ron=20 Ohm
Lon=0 H
Table 6.2 Table of blocks used

With the wide application of various power electronic devices, they bring harmonic and
interharmonic pollution into the power system. Here the universal bridge is taken as the Power
Electonic device.

Simulation Result:
Ode23tb is selected as simulation algorithm and .35 second is selected as simulation time.
1.5

0.5

-0.5

-1

-1.5

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Fig 6.7 Voltage of phase A power side

This distorted waveform is sent to workspace for analysis. Its energy deviation is calculated.

Final Result:

Fig 6.8 Energy Deviation curve for Harmonic