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10 Linear programmingASAS
10 Linear programmingASAS
(c)
y 10
(d)
y4
(e)
y 3x
(f)
3x y
(g)
y 3x 2
(h)
y 10 x 6
(i)
2 x 5 y 10
(j)
x 2 y 20
(k)
x y 1
(l)
3x y 1
Linear inequality :
Linear inequality :
(c)
(d)
Linear inequality :
Linear inequality :
1.3 Shade region on the graph that satisfies several linear inequalities.
(a)
(b)
y 10, y 3 x, y 0
2 x 5 y 10, x 5, x 0
y=3x
2 x 5 y 10
Answers for 1.2 (a) y<7 (b) x 1 (c) y 2x+4 (d) y< -2x+8
(c)
(d)
y 3 x 2 x 2 y 20, y 0, x 0
(e)
(g)
2 y x 5, 2 y x 5, x 5
2 y x 4, y 3 x, x 3, y 0
(f)
(h)
x y 1, y 4 , x 8
2 x y 4, y x, x 0
2 y x 12, x y 6, y 2
Linear inequalities :
(c)
Linear inequalities :
(d)
Linear inequalities :
Linear inequalities :
[ y 7, x 1 ]
[ y 2 x 4, y 7, x 1 ]
(e)
(f)
Linear inequalities :
Linear inequalities :
[ y 2 x 4, x 0, y 0, y 2 x 8 ]
[ y 2 x 4, y 2 x 8, y x 4 ]
Constraints
The value of x must be at least 5
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Inequality
x
y 1
2 (18)
y
x 5
B) writing linear inequalities and equations describing a situation and shading the region of
feasible solutions.
( Use graph paper to answer these questions)
(1)
Shankar has an allocation of RM 225 to buy x kg of prawns and y kg of fish. The total mass
of the commodities is not less than 15 kg. The mass of prawn is at most three times that of
fish. The price of 1 kg of prawns is RM9 and the price of 1 kg of fish is RM5.
i. Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0 , that satisfy all the above
constraints.
ii Hence, using a scale of 2cm to 5 kg for both axes, construct and shade the region R that
satisfy all the above constraints.
(2)
A district education office intends to organize a course on the teaching of Mathematics and
Science in English.
The course will be attended by x Mathematics participants and y Science participants.
The selection of participants is based on the following constraints:
I
: The total number of participants is at least 40
II
: The number of Science participants is at most twice that of Mathematics.
III
: The maximum allocation for the course is RM7200. The expenditure for a
Mathematics participant is RM 120, and for a science participant is
RM80.
i Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy the above
constraints.
ii. Hence, by using a scale of 2 cm to 10 participants on both axes, construct and shade
the region R which satisfies all the above constraints.
(3)
An institution offers two computer courses, P and Q. The number of participants for the
course P is x and for course Q is y.
The enrolment of the participants is based on the following constraints:
I
: The total number of participants is not more than 100.
II
: The number of participants for course Q is not more than 4 times the
number of participants for course P
III
: The number of participants for course Q must exceed the number of
Participants for course P by at least 5
i Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy all the above
constraints.
ii By using a scale of 2 cm to 10 participants on both axes, construct the shade the
region R that satisfy all the above constraints.
(4)
A workshop produces two types of rack, P and Q. The production of each type of rack
involves two processes, making and painting. Table below shows the time taken to make
and paint a rack of type P and a rack of type Q.
Rack
Time taken (minutes)
Making
Painting
P
60
30
20
40
The workshop produces x racks of type P and y racks of type Q per day. The
production of racks per day is based on the following constraints:
I
II
III
: The maximum total time for making both racks is 720 minutes.
: The total time for painting both racks is at least 360 minutes.
: The ratio of the number of racks of type P to the number of racks of type Q
is at least 1:3
i Write three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy all the above
constraints.
ii Using a scale of 2 cm to 2 racks on both axes, construct and shaded the region R are
satisfies all the above constraints.
(5)
(6)
The members of a youth association plan to organize a picnic. They agree to rent x buses
and y vans. The rental of a bus is RM 800 and the rental of a van is RM300. The rental of
the vehicles for the picnics is based on the following constraints:
I : The total number of vehicles to be rented is not more than 8
II: the number of buses is at most twice the number of vans
III: the maximum allocation for the rental of the vehicles is RM4000
(a) Write three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy all the above
constraints
(b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 1 vehicle on both axes, construct and shade the region
R which satisfy all the above constraints.
C) Determining and drawing the objective function ax + by = k where a, b and k are
constants.
Determining graphically the optimum value of the objective function.
( Use graph paper to answer these questions)
(1)
SPM 2003 P2 Q 14
Shanker has an allocation of RM 225 to buy x kg of prawns and y kg of fish. The total mass
of the commodities is not less than 15 kg. The mass of prawns is at most three times that of
fish. The price of 1 kg of prawns is RM9 and the price of 1 kg of fish is RM5.
(a) Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, that satisfy all the above
conditions.
[ 3marks]
(b) Hence, using a scale of 2 cm to 5 kg for both axes, construct and shade the region R
(2)
(3)
SPM 2005 P2 Q 14
An institution offers two computer courses, P and Q. The number of participants for the
course P is x and for course Q is y.
The enrolment of the participants is based on the following constraints:
I
: The total number of participants is not more than 100.
II
: The number of participants for course Q is not more than 4 times the
number of participants for course P
III
: The number of participants for course Q must exceed the number of
Participants for course P by at least 5
(a) Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy all the
above constraints.
[3 marks]
(b) By using a scale of 2 cm to 10 participants on both axes, construct the shade
the region R that satisfy all the above constraints.
[3marks]
(c) By using your graph from (b), find
(i)
the range of the number of participants for course Q if the number
of participants for course P is 30.
(ii)
The maximum total fees per month that can be collected if the fees
per month for courses P and Q are RM50 and RM 60 respectively.
[4marks]
The workshop produces x racks of type P and y racks of type Q per day. The
production of racks per day is based on the following constraints:
I
II
III
: The maximum total time for making both racks is 720 minutes.
: The total time for painting both racks is at least 360 minutes.
: The ratio of the number of racks of type P to the number of racks of type Q
is at least 1:3
(a) Write three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0, which satisfy all the above
constraints.
(b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 2 racks on both axes, construct and shaded the region R
are satisfies all the above constraints.
(c) By using your graph from part (b), find
(i)
the minimum number of racks of type Q if 7 racks of type P are
produced per day.
(ii)
The maximum total profit per day if the profit from one rack of type P
is RM24 and from one rack of type Q is RM32.00
Answers
60 x 20 y 720,30 x 40 y 360 ,
(5)
x 1
, 4 ,RM720
y 3
b)
10
c)
(6)
[3marks]
Answers:
(7)
[4 marks]
(4,2) 216]
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(ii)
Answer:
(8)
x 80
, x y 80, y 10, x 20 ,
y 20
21 x 60 ,k=200x+400y, (21,59), RM27,800
A factory produces two components , A and B. In a particular day, the factory produced x
pieces of component A and y pieces of component B. The production of the two
components is based on the following constraints.:
I : The total numbers of component is not more than 500.
II : The number of component B produced is at most three times the
number of component A,
III : The minimum number of component B is 200.
a) Write three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0 , which satisfy all the
above constraints.
[ 3 marks]
b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 50 components on both axes, construct and shade the
region R which satisfies all the above constraints.
[ 3 marks]
c) Use your graph in part a), to find
i. the maximum number of component A if the number of component B
produced on a particular day is 300.
[ 1 mark ]
ii.The maximum total profit per day if RM 25 and RM 20 are the profit from the
sales of component A and B respectively.
[3 marks]
(9)
[3 marks]
(b) By using a scale of 2 cm to 10 units on both axes, construct and shade the
region R that satisfies all the inequalities above.
(c) Based on your graph, determine the maximum donation collected.
[4 marks]
[3 marks]
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(10)
Table below shows the time needed for machine I and machine II to produce two types of
electrical components P and Q in a certain factory.
Electrical component
P
Q
Machine I
4 minutes
8 minutes
Machine II
10 minutes
4 minutes
Machine I can be operated for not more than 640 minutes in a day.
Machine II must be operated for at least 400 minutes in a day.
The number of components P produced must not be more than two times the
number of component Q produced.
(a) State three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0., which satisfy all of the above
constraints
[3 marks]
(b) By using scales of 2 cm to 20 units on the x-axis and 2 cm to 10 units on the y-axis,
draw and shade the region R which satisfy all the above constraints. [3 marks]
(c) The profits made from selling each component P and component Q is RM 30 and
RM20 respectively.
(i) Given that 60 components Q have been produced, find the maximum number of
component P that can be produced.
[1 mark]
(ii) calculate the maximum profit that can be made by the factory in a day.[3 marks]
Answers [ 4 x 8 y 640,10 x 4 y 400, x 2 y , , 50, 3200]
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