A.

2nd Field of Application/Use

In the use of exhaust gas thermal energy, the gas turbine generator unit
provides economical power supply to the base power range. This type of
energy conversion is known as combined heat and power (CHP). The useful
heat is contained exclusively in the exhaust gas, and namely in that for the
waste heat and reasonably high temperature area. The unit thereby has
special advantages, where, along with electrical energy, a correspondingly
high grade heat requirement is to be covered.
Depending on the utilisation of the exhaust gas temperature and the
respective environmental conditions, electrical efficiency lies in the range of
30%, and fuel consumption efficiency in the range of 70% to 85%.
Gas turbines work as shown in the following simplified process:

Ambient air is drawn in and compressed in the compressor stages.

Compressed air and fuel are ignited in the combustion chamber.

The resulting volume of hot gas is directed to the turbine stages.

Through the inclination of the turbine blades, the volume of hot gas is
directed in a particular direction, causing the turbine wheel to rotate.
This rotating movement is carried from the turbine rotor to the gear.

With the necessary gear ratio of the gear, a rotational speed is created,
which is converted by the generator into an electrically useful rotational
frequency.

r"

Rough schematic sketches of a gas turbine generator unit

The gas turbine is an industrial gas turbine, built as an single-shaft engine, in
accordance with the open loop principle and a practically constant output
speed. This gas turbine was developed exclusively for the drive mechanism
of power generation.
Power generation:
A KAWASAKI gas turbine generator unit is mainly used for power generation.
Waste heat utilisation
The arising thermal energy of the turbine exhaust gases is used in many
different ways.
This therrqal energy is mainly converted into:
Process steam, which is used, for example, in the paper industry for drying
purposes.

Hot water, which is used in heating networks.

Cold water generation through absorption freezing machines.

Operating condition
The normal operating condition of the gas turbine generator unit is largely
network-parallel.
Isolated operation is occasionally possible and in emergency situations.

The gas turbine generator unit is designed for operating in automatic mode.
During normal operation, the gas turbine generator will be remotely monitored.
Handling of the machine technology within the sound enclosure during normal operation of
the gas turbine generator unit is not necessary.
All other or abnormal application and use of the gas turbine generator unit is not permitted.
Kawasaki Gas Turbine Europe GmbH accepts no liability for damage to persons or material!

B Safety
B. 1 KAWASAKI safety concept (protection from explosions)
Due to the high quality and safety standards at KAWASAKI, the concept for the
gas turbine generator unit has been in reliable use for years.
KAWASAKI takes precautions to prevent danger from arising, monitors the
installationconstantly and has also installed safety measures to eliminate
danger.
>
In addition, an inspection was carried out in accordance with the ATEX Directive
94/9EC and concludes with an evaluating description.
This separate safety concept can be seen at KGE on request, (document no.:
EFR3389-091214)

B. 3 Warning systems
The gas turbine generator
unit GPB80D has its own
gas warning and fire
detection system.The Gas
Turbine Generator Unit
GPB80D has its own gas
warning and fire detection
system.
Rotating beacon gas

Rotating beacon fire

(yellow)

(red)

Image 1
Exampl
e

Gas
warning
system

Fire
detection
system

Image
2

WARNING FIRE ALARM

ACOUSTIC

&

OPTIC

&

OPTIC

\I/
n'

WARNING FIRE EXTINGUISHING

ACOUSTIC ffl

%
i

n
WARNING GAS ALARM
ACOUSTIC

&

DANGER
Extinguishing process with C02 (carbon dioxide).
The noise enclosure is to be vacated immediately
and the door to be kept closed. C02 can be detected
by a slight lemon smell.
Opening the door is then only possible following
intensive ventilation and approval by the fire service.

OPTIC

C Equipment Description
-

The system description for all components is arranged as follows:

Description

included in the register:

Drawing
Parts list
and finally the manufacturer's documentation:

Datasheets

C.1 Description
The gas turbine generator described here is a GPB80D unit.
The model
GPB80DDual-Fuel (# 3044 Bacau) is described as
follows.

Gas Turbine Power Base

which comprises a
complete gas turbine
generator unit.
In this case, no adjacent
exhaust system (vessel)
is
delivered
by

KAWASAKI Gas Turbine

Europe GmbH.

A gas turbine generator unit

GPB80 with gas turbine model
M7A-03 and an electrical
current of approx. 7,500 kWe.

Is the most modern form of

combustion technology and
means Dry Low Emission.
Using this technology, the
currently required exhaust gas
values for NOx and C02 are
reached. As no water or steam
spraying is necessary here,
one talks of "Dry" (dry
combustion).

The Gas Turbine Generator Unit GPB80 consists of the following main components (unit
parts which are not included in the standard configuration will be marked as "part of
delivery" or "not part of delivery"!)
I. Noise enclosure
1.1 Gas turbine
1.2 Gear
1.3 Coupling
1.4 Generator
1.5 Base frames
1.6 Auxiliary system
1.7 Air pressure system, exhaust system, motors
1.8 Gas warning and fire extinguishing systems
1.9 Noise enclosure, cooling and combustion air system
II. Power house (sound enclosure)
1.10
Electrical control system
1.11
Circuit diagrams
III. Filter house and air ducts
1.12
Air ducts
1.13
Filter house (not including technical room)
IV. Gas compressor (ELTACON (NL) (#3044 Bacau)
V. Vessel (this time, not part of KGE delivery)

In detail, the unit components are fitted with the following subcomponents:
Noise enclosure
This includes the basic frame and its components.
Base frames
with installed components, such as:

Gas turbine
Gear*
Generator
Lube oil system
Air pressure system
Fuel system
Filter house
the following components are included in the installation on
the noise enclosure:

Cool air filter for the noise enclosure

Cool air entry ventilators
Cool air entry blinds
Cool air entry sound absorbers
Combustion air filter
Combustion air sound absorbers
Cool air exit blinds
Cool air exit ventilators
Cool air exit sound absorbers
Technical room with:
C02 fire
extinguishers Oil
mist separator Oil
cooler
Control cabinet house
installed on the side of the noise enclosure facing the generator and includes
the following systems:

Turbine control
Feeder
Central fire alarm system with gas warning system
Frequency converter for the starter motor

As a standard, KGE provides the control cabinet house with a control system. There
is, however, the possibility to install individual fields. This mostly occurs for reasons
of space'and at the special request of the customer.

C.2 Gas
turbine
Description
Manufacturer: KAWASAKI Heavy Industries, Ltd. Japan
Type: M7A-03D
As a heavy duty industrial gas turbine, the gas turbine M7A-03D is specially
designed for continuous use in CHP units and works in a simple open cycle.
As a single-shaft unit for the generator drive, compressors and turbines are fixed to
a common shaft.
Technical data about the Gas Turbine M7A-Q3D (#3044 Bacau) and its installation
conditions
Installation height:
Suction pressure loss: Exhaust
gas pressure loss: Suction air
temperature Generator
efficiency:
Fuel:
Heating value:
Terminal power Fuel
Consumption:
Air intake:

Exhaust gas temperature Exhaust mass flow:

Compression ratio:
Rotating speed (gas turbine):
184 m (Anlage 1 der Generatorbestellung)
10 mbar,
30 mbar,
*9C
*97,5% (100%, Cos Phi 0,8)
*EGT approx. 489 C (-20C)
*25,98 kg/s (-3%)
15.9
13,790
rpm (50 Hz)

The gas turbine-specific description is shown in the following table:

Gas turbine type:

Single-shaft machine, open, simple cycle

Compressor

Axial compressor, 11 stages

Combustion chambers

6 combustion chambers

Turbine, power section

Axial flow through, 4 stages

Bearings

Compressor side: No. 1 Axial bearings 2 levels

No. 1 Radial bearings
Turbine side: No. 2 Axial bearings
All bearings are designed as sleeve bearing versions
with external lubrication via the lube oil system.

Coupling to gear

Diaphragm coupling

Dimensions

L x B x H : 4.780 x 1.460 (1.900 with manifolf) x 1.702

mm

Weight

6,300 kg

Gas turbine sound level

Frequency,
63
Hz

125

250

500

1000

2000

4000

8000

Sound pressure level dB(A), 2m distance from the suction opening

80

84

92

98

100

104

110

102

Sound pressure level dB(A), 1 m distance from the exhaust flanges

90

102

114

116

114

112

108

104

Sound pressure level dB(A), 1 m distance from the turbine housing

70

86

88

92

96

100

104

98

Main components
Air inlet housing
11 -stage axial compressor
with variable stator vane (VSV) of
the first 3 stages in the compressor

6 single-pot combustion chambers

with primary fuel nozzles,
secondary burners and 2 DLE
ignition plugs
DLE ignition plugs
Gas turbine housing
4-stage axial turbine
2 sleeve bearings, 1 thrust bearing
Lube oil system
Fuel system
Compressor washing system
Exhaust gas diffuser
Control system
Monitoring system

Image 6 Example

The turbine housing is constructed in

individual sections and consists of the
suction house, the Bellmouth, the
compressor housing, the turbine housing
and the exhaust gas diffuser. The

housing parts are connected to each

other in an airtight manner, but can be
dismantled individually.
The bearing seat and main blade is
installed in the air suction housing and
exhaust gas diffuser. The bearings in the
air suction housing is marked as "cold
bearings" with "bearings #1"; the
bearings in the exhaust gas diffuser as
"hot bearings" in "bearings #2".
Each turbine wheel is designed with
gears so that all wheels are connected to
each other. Bolts are also used as
additional fixing.
The compressor wheels are coupled with
the turbine wheels using a rigid clutch.
The torque is transferred over this
coupling.

The "Power Section" consists of three

main components.
A. Compressor
B. Combustion
chamber
system
C. Turbine

Compressor
The
compressor
draws in
ambient air
and
compresses it
for operating
the gas
turbine. To achieve a high level of
efficiency, an axial compressor was
selected.
The compressor rotor segments
consist of several wheels, which are

Image
7

welded together using an electron

beam method.
The compressor has 11 stage rotor
blades (on the rotor) and 11 stage guide
vanes, as well as inlet guide vanes (IGV)
and outlet guide vanes (OGV).
The suctioned air is accelerated through
the Bellmouth and directed to the IGV's.
The first four stages (including IGV) are
adjustable (VSV system), in order to
achieve a high level of efficiency and to
avoid flow separation during the start-up
procedure.
The air is compressed in stages,
reaching a pressure of approx 1.2 MPa
(12 bar) at a compression ratio of 15.9:1
resulting in:

Image 8

Combustion chambers
The 6 combustion chambers are
arranged over external, concentric
distribution pipes and supplied with fuel.
Each of the six combustion chambers
consists of a transition duct and the
actual combustion chamber. The
combustion chambers are conical, point

backwards and are arranged on the

turbine surface.
A large part of the compressed air is fed
between the combustion chamber and
the combustion chamber housing for
cooling purposes. The remaining part is
fed into the combustion chamber and
burned as a gas mixture. It is then fed
into the gas turbine.
Each combustion chamber has a fuel
nozzle system, over which the different
load conditions of the gas turbine can be
achieved.
Image 9 shows an example of the nozzle of
a combustion chamber.

Combustion chambers 2 and 3 are both

fitted with an ignition plug, which ignites
the fuel at start-up.
To transfer the flames in the adjacent
combustion chambers, they are
connected by a flame transfer tube (not
No. 5 and 6). Combustion chambers 5
and 6, which are last in the firing order,
are fitted with flame detectors. The flame
detectors inform the operator about the
control of the gas turbine, as to whether
ignition is completed.

Turbine
The guide tube directs the hot, highpressure combustion gases to the first
baffle plate of the first turbine level. In
the 4 axial turbine levels, the energy of
the gaseous medium is converted into
torque by releasing the approximate
ambient pressure. When leaving the
turbine, the gases have significantly
lower pressure and a lower temperature
(approx. 550 C, depending on the
ambient conditions). The exhaust gas
diffuser stops the flow of exhaust gas,
which is then fed over the connected
bellows expansion joint and through the
exhaust gas pipe and out of the turbine.

Thermal expansion of the gas turbine. Temperature distribution

Image 11 shows the thermal expansion of the gas turbine under nominal
conditions. The vertical movement is very slight (under 0.7 mm) and can be
ignored.
On the contrary, the horizontal length variations are not to be ignored. The
exhaust flange shifts about 10.2 mm across the length of the gas turbine. These
data are to be considered when designing exhaust gas expansion joints and other
piping. When using the exhaust gas expansion joints provided by Kawasaki inside
the noise enclosure, these thermal length changes are worked in.
The image also hows the temperature distribution of the gas turbine under the
same conditions. These data are important for the design of cooling, ventilation
and heat protection.

Sensors
The gas turbine has several sensors for the following functional areas:
Control:
The sensor signal serves the turbine control.
Safety:
To guarantee safe turbine operation, an alarm and emergency shut-down
system is integrated. The turbine control monitors the sensor signals and
triggers an alarm or shut-down signal if the sensor signal lies outside the
intended range.
The layout of the sensors is shown in image 29.

Vibration pick-up Bearing #1

11

Flame detector

3
5
6
8
9
10

Vibration pick-up Bearing #2

Temperature Sleeve bearing #1
Temperature Thrust bearing #1
Delta P measuring device
CDT Sensor
Exhaust back pressure

12
13
14
33
35

Revolution
Revolution
Exhaust gas temperature
CDP Sensor
VSV-gage
15.11.2012

Nozzle guide

N-155

KM-S402

C.3 Gear Box

Description
The reduction gear is primarily for reducing the gas turbine wave velocity from
13,790 rpm to the generator-required 1,500 rpm.
In addition, connections for the auxiliary drives, such as lube oil pumps and
starter motors are integrated with relevant overhaul clutches.

Technical details
.
I
p
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e
p
a
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e
Ope
r
ratin
s
g
p
con
e
e
ditio
d
ns
M
Lubr
a
icati
x
on

L
i
f
e
s
p
a
n
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
T
o
t
a
l
w
e
i
g
h
t

13.790
1/min
1,500
1/min

1
1
1
%
f
o
r
2
m
i
n
u
t
e
s
4
0
0
%
o
f
c
o
n

s
t
a
n
t
l
o
a
d
9,1
KW
P
l
a
n
e
t
a
r
y
g
e
a
r
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
o

u
s
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
~
2
.
0
b
a
r
u
n
d
e
r
p
r
e
s
s
u

oil
tem
per
atur
e,
Sup
ply
fro
m
the
gas
turbi
ne
oil
tank
Gas
turbi
ne

r
e
2
5
0
l
/
m
i
n
+
/
4
0
l
/
m
i
n
.
3
0
5
0

3
2
.
0
0
0
h
o
u
r
s

8
%
6,80
0 kg

Scope of delivery:
Description

Planetary gear fitted with:

- Lube oil pump (MLOP)
- Starter/Turning unit
Specification:
The
generator
specification
depends on the
gas
turbine
application.
The
manufacturer's
operating
manual of the
gear is listed
under
"Manufacturer
and
Supplier
Documentation".

Amount

Couplings
Description
The gear is
connected over
two diaphragm
couplings as
torsionally
elastic
connections for
compensation
for
misalignment
and for torsional
damping. As a
diaphragm
coupling, the
clutch is small
and lightweight,
which offers
advantages in
installation and
maintenance
work. To avoid
risk of accident,
both clutches
are equipped
with perforated
sheeting (see
C.7 "speed
measurement").
Manufacturer:
KAWASAKI Heavy
Industries, Ltd.
Japan

The highspeed
coupling
provides a
direct
connection to
the output end
of the gas
turbine.

The iow-speed
coupling is
between the
gear-box and
the generator.
This clutch is
fitted as a
safety clutch for
the connection
from the gear
and generator
to the bolts to

protect against
overload of the
unit, and also
against shortcircuits during
synchronisation
and network
failure.

Image
16

The generator has

C.4 Generator
Description
the primary
function of power
generation.
A further
function is the
connection of
the auxiliary
drives, such as
the main lube oil
pump, starter /
turner motor etc.

Image 19

Technical details
(according to
Lieferschein)
Type:
cy
Speed
Power
Synchro
factor
nous
Prote
Nominal
ction
output
class
Voltage
gener
Frequen
ator

Protectio
10,11
n class
1 kVA
terminal
(15C
boxes
) H/F
Cooling 6,300
V
Stimulati
50 Hz
on
0.8
Control
IP23
type:
IP23
Heating
IC0A1
during
Brushl
stop
ess
Total
AREP
weight
1x
LSA56
500
BMBL13
W
0 4p
under
1,500
1/
230 V
min
17.1
k
Rotary
g
current

C.5 Base
frame
Descripti
on
T
h
e
m

a
c
h
i
n
e
b
a
s
e
i
s
u
s
e
d
f
o
r
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
n
g

a
n
d
f
a
s
t
e
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
g
a
s
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
,
g
e
a
r

s
a
n
d
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
a
u
x
i
l
i
a
r
y
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
.
C
o

n
s
t
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
:
K
A
W
A
S
A
K
I
G
a
s
T
u
r
b
i
n
e
E
u
r

o
p
e
G
m
b
H
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
t
u
r
e
r
:
L
i
n
d
e
n
b
e
r
g
A
n
l

a
g
e
n
G
m
b
H
In detail,
this
consists
of:

Rigid
hollowsection
frame
and steel
profile

Mounting
plates
and
elements

Elastic
turbine
connectio
ns
tube

and

connectio
ns

Oil

tank

integrate
d
between
the

side

rails
Elastic
mounting
of

the

base
frame on
the
foundatio
n

Image 20

C.6 Speed
measurement
Description
The speed
measurem
ents (three
measurem
ents)
provide

constant
control of
the turbine
and
connection
to the
generator.
Differences
in the
rotational
speed are
registered
here and
are initiated
in the event
of a shutdown, in
order to
avoid
damage.
Precisely in
the lowspeed
clutch, the
predetermi
ned
breaking
point
(shear
pins) is
monitored,
in order to
shut down
in the event
of a
disconnecti

on between
the
generator
and
turbine.

In detail, this
consists of:
Sensors
(1x to the
low-speed
coupling,
2x to the
turbine
indirectly
over the
vibration
measurem
ent)
Evaluation (in
the
control
station)

C.7 Auxiliary
System
Description

All
required
auxiliary
and
monitoring systems
are available for
operating the gas
turbine generator
unit.

Image 21

Example

In detail, these are:

Lube oil system
for fully installed
gas turbines, gears
and

generators

consists of:
Oil sump, 2,000 I
with
level
monitoring, Pump
for filling
Oil - water cooler
Oil mist separators
Oil mist
separators
separate oil
vapours which
are in the gear
and oil sump,
and return the
captured oil.
The fitting of the
filter unit
guarantees
separation of
very high
concentrations of
oil vapour.
Concentrations
of oil vapour The

relevant negative
pressure in the
oil tank is
obtained by
tuning the
device. The
exhaust gas
flows through the
device where dirt
particles are
filtered out.
Main oil pump,
driven
mechanically
from the gear.
Pre-/post lube
pump, 3 bar,
with an AC
motor, 400
VAC, 2.2 kW
Emergency oil
pump, 1 bar,
with DC motor,
24 V DC, 0.4
KW
Double filter,
switchable with
differential
pressure
monitoring

Different
armature filters
Thermostat/pre
ssure control
valves
Pressure and
temperature
switches
Manometer,
thermometer
Hose line,
piping for
internal
distribution in
high-grade
steel
Technical details of
the lube oil system

Lube oil
Heat removal
Oil amount
Circulation
Oil pressure
Operating temperature
Consumption
ISO VG
46,
mineral
oil with
additive
s
-220 kW
ca.
2,000 I
ca. 530
l/min
ca. 1.5 2.0 bar
(g)
30
50C
ca. 0.5
l/h
(when
using oil
mist
separat
or
approx.
1.5
l/day)

The
corresponding
safety data sheet
for the abovementioned lube
oil is available
under "oils,
lubricants and
other liquids".

Fuel system: Gas

fuel and Liquid
fuel (#3044
Bacau)
The gas turbine is
fitted as a DLE
variant with a
natural gas fuel
system.
The fuel control
system enables
monitoring and
control of all
required
operating
conditions,
such as start
up, different
accelerating
and load
conditions from
zero to full load

Natural gas fuel

and liquid fuel
system, consisting
of:
Natural gas main
filter and Liquid
fuel double sided
main filter
Gasfuel:Main
shut-off
valve
combination

(2 each
valves), with
ventilation
and open
close
feedbackposition
system,
DVGW
approved /
Liquid fuel:
Main shutoff valve
combination
with
ventilation,
(2 each
valves) /
with
ventilation
and open
close
feedbackposition
system
Filling gas valve,
DVGW permitted
Gas
leakage
detector,
DVGW
permitted and Oil
leakage detector
Natural gas control
valve and DLE

control valve and

liquid fuel control
valves
Natural gas and
liquid
fuel
distributor rings
Multi-burner unit,
controlled by air
pressure
Safety gas purge
valve (NO), (NO =
normally
open
function)
Pressure
monitoring
with
switches
and
manometers
Flexible tubes
High-grade
stainless
steel pipings
from the
base frame
connection
to the gas
turbine
The approved
fuel is natural
gas H (with
methane as its

main
component)
which is
delivered
controlled,
filtered, dry and
clean and with
the necessary
supply
pressure.
Fuel: Natural
gas H (physical
properties
calculated
according to
DIN 51817),
filtered, clean
and dry
Filtering: < 10 |jm
with steam trap
Temperature:
-20....+65C (at
least 50C
above dew
point and free
from steam at
the
interconnection
point
Pressure: 22
bar (g) +/- 0,3
bar (g) (at the

interconnection
point of the
noise
enclosure)
Gas composition
(requested
min.
standard values)
Natural gas H
LHV 10,034
kWh/m3
S
u
l
p
h
u
r
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
:
m
a
x
.
0
.
1

%
w
t
X
L
H
V
(
k
J
/
k
g
)
/
4
3
,
1
1
6
I
m
p
u
r
i
t
i
e

s
<
1
0
p
m
,
m
a
x
.
3
0
p
p
m
x
L
H
V
(
k
J
/
k
g
)
/
4

3
,
1
1
6
N
o
l
i
q
u
i
d
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
o
r
h
y
d
r
o
c

a
r
b
o
n
w
h
i
c
h
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
d
e
n
s
e
d
Starter motor
As as starting
help for a speed
of 0-70%, a
three-phase
current squirrel

cage rotor is
used.
A robust
frequency
converter for
high output
drives, which is
suitable for
different
industrial
operating
environments,
enables the
management
and control.
IGBT and DTC
technology is
integrated for
low-loss control
of the threephase current
squirrel cage
rotor motors.
Turning gear
After shutting
down the gas
turbine, this
must be turned
at low speed in
order to avoid
warpage of the
blade from
different cooling

in the gas
turbine.
For this, the
aforementioned
starter motor is
used.
Air pressure
supply
Pressure 6...7 bar
(g); min. 5bar (g)
Total air
pressure
requirement
during: ~ 200
Nm3/h of the
start/stop
procedure
Consumption
during: ~ 50
Nm3/h of
operation
Quality:
Instrument air,
oil-free, dried
and filtered
Start-bleed
system

This system is
used during the
start up
procedure.
Here,
compressed air
is blown from
the gas turbine
compressor
over a flap valve
into the exhaust
system, in order
to avoid flow
separation in the
gas turbine
compressor.
Bleed-system to
DLE control
During partial
load operation
of the gas
turbine, too
much ambient
air is drawn in
and compressed
by the turbine
compressor.
Due to the
combustionrelated
procedures
within the gas
turbine, and the
excess air, the
required

exhaust gas
values can be
exceeded.
For
this
reason,
not
only the fuel
is regulated
during partial
load
operation, but
also part of
the
compressor
air which is
determined in
the
combustion
chamber
is
fed
directly
into
the
exhaust gas
duct.
Electrical
components,
control and
monitoring
equipment
To operate the
gas turbine and
to monitor it
during
operation,
additional
sensors are
installed in the
gas turbine.

Control and
recording of the
measuring
signals takes
place in one of
the terminal
boxes which
are built into the
gas turbine:

Ignition
coils,
ignition plugs, 2
pcs
Flame
detectors with
evaluation
module, 2 pcs
CDT
(Compressor
Discharge
Temperature)
sensor
Outlet
temperature
sensor
CDP
(Compressor
Discharge
Pressure)
sensor

Speed sensors,
3
pcs
with
monitor

Vibration
sensor and
monitors, 2 pcs
each for the gas
turbine, the
gear and the
generator.
Thermal
elements
for
monitoring the
exhaust
gas
temperature, 12
pcs with
display
Resistance
thermometer
PT100
Compressorcleaning
equipment
To maintain the
effectiveness of
the gas turbine
and to avoid
erosion/corrosio
n on the
compressor
blades, the gas
turbine is fitted
with a

compressor
cleaning device.
This separate
component
consists of:
a storage tank, a
pump unit and a
connecting hose to
the gas turbine.
The cold wash
procedure is
carried out when
the machine is
switched off.
Fluid amount: 191
per wash
Cleaning agent:
Clean
water/cleaning
agent in a ratio of
4:1.
Description
The lube oil
system of the
gas turbine
generator unit
largely consists
of the following
main
components:

Main lube oil pump

(MLOP)

Oil cooler

Thermostatic valve

Main oil filter

Oil

pressure

controller

Oil mist separator

Oil tank

Lube oil

Pre-/post-lube
pump

(PPLOP)

with AC motor 3
bar,

400 VAC 2.2

kW
Emergency lube oil
pump (ELOP) with
DC
motor 1
bar, 24 V DC
0.25kW
Double
filter,
switchable
with
differentialpressure
monitoring

Oil mist separator

with side channel
blowers, 400
VAC, 1.5 kW
different armature
filters
Pressure
and
temperature
switches
Manometer,
thermometer
Hose line, piping
for
internal
distribution in
high-grade
steel
Tank heating, 400
VAC, 5 kW
The purpose of the
lube oil system is
the:
Lubrication of the
turbine
As the turbine is
operated at high
speeds and
temperatures, a
well-functioning
lubrication
system is
particularly
important, in
order to ensure
correct

functionality of
the entire
system.
The bearings are
lubricated with
different
parameters,
during and after
operation of the
gas turbine. The
data are
summarised in
the following
table.

Bearings

Operation

Pre-/post-lubri cation

Emergency

Filtering

Post-lubrication

No. #1

Over
Volume
pressure
flow
0.98 bar 25 l/min

Axial
bearings
No. #1

0.98 bar

> 49 l/min

Volume
flow
10 pm
nom.

0.98..

> 22 l/min

2.94 bar
0.98 bar

22 l/min

Axial
bearings
No. #2

0.98..

Volume
Over
flow
pressure
12 l/min

2.94 bar

Radial
bearings
No. #1

Over
pressure

0.98..

> 10 l/min

2.94 bar
0.98 bar

> 35 l/min

Axial
bearings

0.98..

2> 16 l/min 0.98 bar

2.94 bar

All values mentioned above are approximate, and are

inc
commissioning.
Gear and
generator
lubrication
T
h
e
lu
b

ividually
se

10
l/min

during

e
oi
l
s
y
st
e
m
s
u
p
pl
ie
s
th
e
lu
b
e
oi
l
n
ot
o
nl
y
to
th
e
g
a
s
tu
rb
in
e,

b
ut
al
s
o
to
th
e
g
e
ar
a
n
d
g
e
n
er
at
or
b
e
ar
in
g
s.
The
amo
unt
of
lube
oil
for
the
gear
is
sum

mari
sed
in
the
follo
win
g
tabl
e:

gear

Operation
Overpressure

Volume flow

Filtering

1.47 bar

>214 l/min

10 pm nom.

T
h
e
a
m
o
u
nt
of
lu
b
e
oi
l
fo
r
th
e
g
e
n

er
at
or
d
e
p
e
n
d
s
o
n
it
s
si
z
e
a
n
d
m
a
n
uf
a
ct
ur
er
.
F
or
th
is
,
th
e

lu
b
e
oi
l
s
y
st
e
m
pr
o
vi
d
e
s
a
v
ol
u
m
e
of
5
0
1/
m
in
w
it
h
a
p
o
si
ti

v
e
pr
e
s
s
ur
e
of
1.
5
b
ar
.
T
h
e
m
a
n
uf
a
ct
ur
er
s
p
e
ci
fi
c
d
at
a

System
description

c
a
n
b
e
s
et
u
si
n
g
a
pr
e
s
s
ur
e
re
d
u
c
er
a
n
d
a
fl
o
w
m
et
re
.

The gas
turbine lube oil
system
consists of the
oil tank,
pumps, filters,
oil coolers and
other devices
for controlling
the required
components.
A good
description
and
presentation of
the
components is
available in
the respective
datasheets.
The lube oil is
drawn in from
the oil tank,
over a check
valve and dirt
trap, and
compressed at
a constant
pressure of 5
bar. The
constant
pressure of 5
bar is set
using an

internal
pressure
control valve,
in order to
protect other
components.
A thermostat
regulates the oil
feed in accordance
with the oil
temperature.
Cold lube oil is
fed directly in
to
the
circulation,
from the lube
oil cooler over
a
bypass.
From
a
temperature of
about
30C,
the thermostat
valve
is
activated, so
that a partial
flow can first
be
directed
over the oil
cooler.
Depending on
the
temperature,
the thermostat
opens or
closes and

maintains a
lube oil
temperature of
about 40C.
After this, the
lube oil is fed
from the
cooler through
a switchable
double filter *
(10 pm), which
secures the
required oil
purity.
After the
double
filter, the
lube oil is
distributed
in
the
respective
lube
oil
volumes
and
temperatu
res.
A
secondary
exhaust
gas valve
regulates
the
pressure
of the lube
oil at 1.5
bar.

A partial flow
of 131 l/min is
set over an
aperture, for
lubrication and
cooling
bearings #1
and #2.
The remaining lube
oil (approx. 398
l/min) is fed to the
gear and
generator.
The relevant
measuring
points for the
thermometers,
pressure
sensors and
pressure
switches are
integrated into
the oil system.
The respective
data are
hereby
monitored
during the
start-up
procedure and
operation, and
relevant
measures are
taken.
All feed points
for lube oil in
the gas turbine

generator unit
are fitted with
a return pipe.
The lube oil is
thereby
transported
back to the
tank, where
the flow is
steadied and
gas bubbles
are eliminated.
Similarly, oil
mist, which
arises from
torsion in the
bearing seals,
is fed over a
pipe in the oil
tank and
cleaned in an
oil mist
separator.

Image 22

Techni
cal
details
Typ
e:
Gea
r
pum
p
Out
put
570
Liter
s/
min

(imiti

No
min
al
pres
sure
0.5
MPa
Spe
ed:
1,14
1
rpm
Install
ation
locatio
n:
flange
mount
ed on
the
gear

Image
23
(Exampl
e

Image
24

niiHi)

Technical
details
Type:
screwed
plate heat
exchange
rs Water
volume:
24 m3/h
Water
temperatu
re on:
max. 32
C(# 3044
Bacau)
Water
temperatu
re off:
approx.
42 C
Pressure
loss water
33 kPa Oil
volume:
34.20
m3/h Oil
temperatu
re on: 60
C
Oil
temperatu
re off: 40
C
Pressure
loss oil 46
kPa
Designed
heatpower:
324 kW
Installatio
n location:
in the
technical
room of
the filter
house

NOTE
The
power
dissipatio

n, which
is fed over
the lube
oil has the
following
values:
for the
gas
turbine:
approx.
70 kW, for
the gear:
approx.
130 kW

Therm
ostatic
valve
for
regulat
ing the
lube
oil
temper
ature

The
thermo
static
valve
starts
to
open
at
approx
. 27 30 C,
and

reache
sa
mixed
oil
temper
ature Thermostatic valve
where
by
more
and
more
lube oil
is fed
over
the
lube oil
cooler.
Before
the
autom
atic
thermo
static
valve
starts
openin
g, the
lube oil
flows
into
the
cycle,
and
thus
not
over
the
oil/wat
er
cooler.
Should
the
springloaded
functio
n be
faulty,
the
thermo
static
valve
can
also be
manua

lly
engag
ed.
Option
s:
Compl
etely
"open"
or
comple
tely
"closed
"

Main
oil
filter
M
a
i
n
l
u
b
e
o
i
l
f
i
l
t
e
r
,
s
w
i
t
c
h
a
b
l
e
,
f
o
r
p
e
r
m
a
n
e
n
t
f
i
l

t
e
r
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
l
u
b
e
o
i
l
.
Main
lube
oil
filter

(Exam
ple)

The
mai
n
lube
oil
filter
is
fitte
d
with
a
dou
ble
filter
and
can
be
swit
che
d off
whil
e
the
turbi
ne
is
run
ning
.
BUT:
It
sho
uld
be
note
d
that
the
filter
whi
ch
is
not
yet
use
d
mus
t
first
be
slo
wly
fille
d
with

lube
-oil
and
sim
ulta
neo
usly
vent
ilate
d
bef
ore
final
swit
chin
g.
Detail
s can
be
found
in the
manuf
acture
r and
suppli
er
docum
entatio
n.

Main lube oil pressure controller, adjustable (is adjusted during the IBS)
Controls the main lube oil pressure in the system for the gas turbine, gear and
generator.

Image 28

Technical details
Configured lube oil pressure: approx. 2 bar (g)
Outflow volume in control range: approx. 173 +/- 40 l/min Site of assembly: on
the base frames

Oil mist separator

The oil mist separator is responsible for drawing oil mist out of the lube oil
tank, and separating the air from the oil.
After filtering, the air is directed in this case over the roof and into the open
air. The separated oil is fed back into the lube oil tank.
All oil drains and oil vapour openings are then attached to the gas turbine
using light suction pressure, taken from the negative pressure from the oil
mist separator in the lube oil tank.
In this way, the retention time of the lube oil inside the gas turbine is
reduced, although leakages rarely occur.
Clean air pipe, (is directed over the roof)
Filter
housing
Technical details
approx.
approx.

approx.
approx.
Vacuum

Tank capacity

the
filter

Residual oil content:

20 mg I Nm3
Exhaust air volume:
Bleed air
5
intake
Nm3/min
Negative pressure:
15 mbar
Negative pressure:
10 mbar configured
switch: approx. 10 mbar
Oil mist suction
pipe (from
tank)
configured
Installation location: In
technical room of the
house

The internal capacity of the lube oil tank is ~2,2 m 3, the filling
quantity of the first filling is 2,000 Liters.
Lube oil tank equipment
Lube oil level display: This enables the lube oil to be checked from outside the
package. The lower limit is the lower part of the suction opening of the pump. The
upper limit is established by the volume of oil.

Lube oil level switch for external alerts of the oil tank content.
Suction side dirt traps for the mechanical main lube oil pump, electrical auxiliary pump
and control oil pump.
Lube oil tank heating and temperature sensor. When the gas turbine is stopped, the
lube oil temperature should be regulated at approx. 10C. Should the lube oil
temperature fall below 10C, the the lube oil tank heating is switched on via the lube oil
temperature switch, so that the lube oil is warmed up. The heating system is turned off
when the oil temperature has reached ~15C.
Oil mist separator: This separates the oil vapours in the gear and oil sump, and feeds
the oil which has been captured from the oil mist back into the tank. This recirculation
reduces oil consumption, while the clean air from the oil can be emitted into the
environment. Oil mist is suctioned from the tank and its connected systems by a
ventilator with an air inlet, in order to establish a certain vacuum in the system.
This vacuum prevents oil leakages into the bearing sealings of the gas turbine and the
gear. Negative pressure inside the oil tank must be kept at -100 mmWC. At 5m3/min,
the ventilator capacity should have a negative pressure of -100 mmWC.
A tank filling pump is provided for filling and emptying the lube oil tank; its relevant
function can be selected using a 3-way valve.
C.8 Fuel system
Description
Requirements of gaseous fuels.
1. Gas temperature

-20C to +65 C

2. Lower heating value

(LHV)

33,500 to 41,860 kJ/Nm3 9.31 to 11.64 kWh/Nm3

3. Sulphur content

0.5% weight x LHV (in kJ/kg)/43,116, only for the

gas turbine
0.1 % weight x LHV (in kJ/kg)/43,116, only for gas
turbines with waste heat boilers

4. Foreign objects, total

^ 30 ppm x LHV (in kJ/kg)/43,116,

5. Particle diameter

10 pm

6. Water and liquid

hydrocarbon

0%

The gas must be provided dried, filtered and oil-free.

The natural gas system is fully integrated into the base frame of the gas
turbine generator unit and complies with the relevant standards and
regulations.
The natural gas system inside the gas turbine system generator largely
consists of the following main elements:

Natural gas main filter

2x safety shut-down valves 1/2 with interim ventilation

Safety blow-off valve (Start gas)

Natural gas control valve and

Natural gas distributor ring

Natural gas - injectors

DLE control valve

HK Kawasaki
Installation of the Gas-/ & Liquid-fuel system (# 3044 Bacau)
The gas turbine is designed as a DLE variant with a single fuel system.
The fuel control system enables monitoring and control of all required
operating conditions, such as start-up, different accelerating and power
conditions from zero to full power.
(see P&ID E3029 080 102 and E3029 080 103)

Before each start, a control of the leak-tightness is carried out over a valve
combination.
By using the pressure controllers for monitoring the fuel pressure, in the event of
leakage or too low pressure, a start-up is prevented (it is not possible to operate
the gas turbine with gas fuel).
During operation, the configured speed is maintained using a speed control circuit.
The actual value signal comes from one of the magnetic encoders which are
mounted on the turbine blades.
The main components of the Gas fuel system are:

Switchable double-filter-unit
Safety shut-off valve combination, DVGW permitted,
with position feedback system
Safety ventilation valve, DVGW permitted, with
position feedback system
Gas Leakage detector, DVGW permitted
Gas measurement valve (main gas fuel governor)
Multi-burner unit, air pressure controlled
Parallel ring piping
6 each fuel chambers with nozzles
Pressure monitoring with switches and manometers
Gas fuel flexible tubes
Piping from the connecting flanges on the base frame to the gas turbine in
stainless steel.
The approved fuel is natural gas H (with methane as its main component),
which is delivered controlled, dry and clean, and with the necessary supply
pressure.
A main manually operated shut-off valve is fitted in front of the entrance to the gas
turbine generator unit.

The main components of the Liquid Fuel system (# 3044 Bacau) are:

Switchable double-filter-unit
Double Safety shut-off valve combination, with position feedback system
Safety ventilation valve, DVGW permitted, with position feedback system
Liquid fuel Leakage detector
Liquid fuel, high-fuel pressure unit, (installed inside of liquid fuel module)
Liquid fuel ,main- and start-fuel governor unit, (installed inside of liquid fuel module)
Liquid fuel ,air- / water purge unit (installed inside of liquid fuel module)
Liquid fuel .drain unit (installed inside of blue GT-base frame)
Multi-burner unit, air pressure controlled
Parallel ring piping
Fuel chamber with nozzles
Pressure monitoring with switches and manometers
Liquid fuel flexible tubes
Piping from the liquid fuel module to the
connecting flanges on the base ^
frame to the gas turbine in stainless steel.

Liquid fuel valves, tightness control transmitters

Liquid fuel pressure control transmitters

Low pressure water

tank
General view: Liquid fuel system

Image
33.2

Image 33.4

Image
33.3

Combustion chamber and manifolds

Gas- / Liquid-Fuel
Manifolds

5 x flametransfer tubes

2x3 = 6-each combustion chambers

Image 33.5

Manifolds
The manifolds are responsible for consistently supplying natural gas to
the individual injectors.
This is done in accordance with the respective operating conditions of the
gas turbine.
Combustion chambers
The gas turbine has 6 separate combustion chambers. 3 per side, which are
connected to each other by flexible metal hoses (flame pipes).
The two lower combustion chambers on each side are those which are
ignited. Following ignition, there is a flame rollover to the third/most upper
combustion chamber.
Flame tubes
Following ignition, the flames are fed through the flame tubes to the two
lower combustion chambers and the combustion chambers lying above.
Flame detectors
During the start-up procedure, a flame must be detected in the uppermost
combustion chamber. If this does not happen, start-up is immediately
aborted.
Ignition plugs
The two lower combustion chambers are installed with ignition plugs.
During the start up procedure, at approx. 7% of the nominal speed, each of
the two lower combustion chambers on each side is ignited.

V C.9 Starter motor, purge and turn system

Description
Starter
system
General
The role of the starter, purge and turn motor is to turn the turbine for 48
hours after shut-down, in order to ensure even cooling of the turbine
components. In this way, bending of the blades from its own weight and
resulting rotor grinding on the stator is avoided. The operation of the starter,
purge and turn motor is monitored and controlled by the gas turbine control
system.
The starter system consists of a three-phase asynchronous motor, which is
flange mounted to the gear housing, and a frequency converter, which is in
the control room. It is monitored and controlled by the Engine Controller. The
torque of the starter motor is transferred over the gear to the turbine, so that
they start turning. Once the turbine has reached a nominal speed of 65%,
the starter motor is mechanically decoupled from the gear, using a synchro
self- shifting clutch, and is simultaneously electrically switched off over a
shut-down signal from the control system..
The converter supplies the motor with the variable frequency necessary for
this case. The motor is operated in a closed loop, in order to also bring the
required torque at zero speed. This also enables stable operation with
maximum torque.
The output part of the converter has the classic configuration: network-side
rectifier diode bridge, voltage and current equalisation and IGBT-inverter as
a 6-pulse bridge. In addition there are the control circuits. In the engine
control, the DCT technology (direct torque control) is used, in order to ensure
low-loss and stable control.

C.10

Ignition system

Description

CAUTION
The ignition plugs may only be switched on when the ignition cables are securely fastened in
their plugs!
General
This system consists of two electronic ignition triggers with high-voltage calbes and 2 ignition
plugs in each of the two combustion chambers. When the turbine speed has reached about 5
to 8% of nominal speed, the ignition impulse is initially transferred to two ignition plugs. The
air/fuel mixture is sparked in the combustion chamber and the flames are carried to the other
combustion chambers over the flame tubes.
When the turbine speed has reached 25% of the nominal speed, the ignition trigger voltage is
switched off and combustion runs independently.
The ignition signal is controlled and monitored by the turbine control system.
Ignition system specification
Ignition trigger Type:

Condenser discharging impulse

Nominal data 24 VDC, 1 A

Ignition plugs

Type:

NGK spark plug Type GL-501-2

(P/N 00-840-570-02)

Isolation
resistance

100 MQ

Installation:
The ignition trigger can be installed at a customer-preferred "cold" position, but the ignition
cable should be kept as short as possible.

C. 11 Bleed Air Ventil IVSV Control System

Description
DLE Bleed
General
This regulator controls the flow of compressed air pressure from the turbine
main house to the exhaust gas pipe. The measure enables "compressor
pumps" to be avoided during start-up of the turbine. See system diagram
(next page)
Specification
The following table summarises the specification.
Type:
Flap valve, from Nippon Keystone Corp.
Nominal
diameter

150 mm

Discharge air
pressure

Nominal pressure 1.6 MPa

Electrical data

100 VAC, 50/60HZ (AC)

Nominal pressure 1.55 A /1.72 A

Control signal

4 mA DC for flap completely closed"

20 mA DC for flap completely open"
The signals come from the Engine Controller

Start Bleed

This controls the increasing compression pressure of the combustion air pressure. The
measure serves to drive the increasing compression pressure during the start-up procedure
to the exhaust gas pipe, thereby relieving the starter motor.
At the beginning of the start-up, the valve is completely opened and is slowly closed when
there is increasing speed.
At 70% rpm, the start-bleed valve is completely closed.
Specification
The following table summarises the specification.
Type:
Flap valve, from Nippon Keystone Corp.
Nominal
diameter

150 mm

Discharge air
pressure

Nominal pressure 1.6 MPa

Electrical data

100 VAC, 50/60Hz (AC)

Nominal pressure 1.55 A /1.72 A

Control signal

4 mA DC for flap completely closed"

20 mA DC for flap completely open"
The signals come from the Engine Controller

The details are summarised in the following table.

Turbine speed
"Seal-Air" System
(as a percentage of
the nominal speed)
0 to 25

In this speed range the compressor input pressure is

about the same as the ambient pressure. Seal air is not
required.

25 to 85

In this speed range the compressor pressure is low and

unstable. The external source of compressed air is
therefore used.

85 to 100

Pressure level of the compressed air after the fifth

stage is sufficient for pressing on the seal.

Specification
The specification for seal air is as follows:
Seal air
1) Instrument air, oil-free and filtered
2) Pressure: 0.13 bis 0.14 MPa
3) Volume flow > 2,0 Nm3/min instrument air,
4) through a command from the turbine control
centre:
- Solenoid valve open at 25%^N^85%
- Solenoid valve closed at N^25%, or N85%,
where N = turbine speed.
Seal air system components
1. Air pressure shut-off valve
2. Air pressure control valve
C. 13 Cleaning system compressor
Description
General

The aim of the compressor cleaning is to maintain a high

level of efficiency and to prevent erosion/corrosion.
To guarantee the performance of the gas turbine over a longer
period of time, the compressor in the gas turbine is washed at
predetermined time intervals.
This work is carried out by Kawasaki Service Peronnel
Two cleaning methods will be used:
1. The hot compressor wash ("hot wash") for running gas turbines
2. The cold compressor wash ("cold wash") for idle gas turbines.
The turbine is driven by the starter motor. The interval for
cleaning the compressor depends on the degree of
soiling and can be determined by continuously
monitoring the gas turbine performance.

Image 37

Washing water storage tank

Capacity: approx. 75 litres
Filling: Manual shut-off valve in the supply pipe
Water quality VE water
Washing water driver motor
Output: 0.75 kw Voltage: 400 VAC 50Hz
Washing water pump
Output 10 litre / min Pressure level: 1.0
mP

Specification:

Cleaning
fluid

Specification

Mixture of cleaning agent (1 part) and water

(4 parts)
Cleaning agent: Z0K27 or similar

Total volume:

Hot wash: (optional)

Cold wash: approx. 191 per wash procedure

Cleaning
pump

Type:

Portable pump (KYC-300, from Kyowa)

Nominal

0.3 MPa 6 l/min

pressure

220/110/100 VAC, 0.75 kW

Mass flow
Supply:
Tank for cleaning agent

Volume approx. 1001

Drain tank

see section "Drain Tank"

C. 14 Drain Tank
Description
To drain off condensation or other liquids in the turbine, a
collecting tank is fastened to the base frame. The outflow is
cleaning agent.
The following pipes are necessary for the connections to the
collecting tank and are turned off using a manual shut-off valve.
Pipe
No.

Pipe position

1
2

Suction collector
Compressor housing (discharge "seal air")

Compressor housing (discharge "turbine cool air")

Air discharge, elbow pipe

Main housing

Lowest combustion chamber (only for liquid fuel)

The tank can be emptied into a collection container using a manual
valve.

Gas warning and fire extinguishing system

C.16
Description
The Gas Turbine Generator Unit GPB80D has its own gas warning and
fire detection system.

Gas warning system

Image
38

The gas warning system consists of 2 gas sensors, which are

installed in the noise enclosure in the area of the gas injection (1
at the front at the
gas inlet,
and 1 above the gas supply in the ceiling area).
The evaluation system is installed in the control cabinet.
Both sensors have the following switching thresholds:
20% LFL (LFL = lower flammability limit)
40% LFL (LFL = lower flammability limit)

pre-alarm
pre-alarm
with shut-down of the gas
turbine and closure of the
main gas valve

In the event of one of the two gas detectors sounding, an alarm message is
triggered if there is a threshold of 20% LFL (lower flammability limit).
If a threshold of 40% LFL is reached, an emergency shut-down of the gas
turbine is initiated. The gas valve inside the noise enclosure is closed and the
gas ventilation opened.
The noise enclosure ventilation remains on, in order to lead the escaped
gas over the sound enclosure ventilation system, out of the sound
enclosure and into the open air.
Further users are switched without voltage.
An optical and acoustic notification of a gas alarm is given by one of the
yellow flashing lights installed at the front exterior wall of the sound
enclosure, and by an alarm sound apparatus installed int he same place.

Image 41.1
Example

Filter
house

Filter house with platform, contains (details can be found in the manufacturer and
supplier documentation):

Weather protection grid with bird screen

Filter of the filter stages 1 (combustion air) and 2 (cooling air)

> Coalescer-Filter stage 1: Rough filter of grade G2

> Filter stage 2: Pre-filter of grade G4
Filter of filter stages 3 and 4 (only for combustion air)
> Filter stage 3: Fine filter of grade F7
> Filter stage 4: Hepa-filter of grade H10

Cool air inlet channel with sound absorber

(bottom 1/3, front of filter house)

Combustion air channel to the gas turbine with sound absorber (the upper 2/3 of the filter
house front)

Platform with steps (outside)

External crane for lifting the filter cassettes during maintenance.

Gas turbine control system

From installation on, the gas turbine control system is described in the manufacturers
documents; the functions are described under "Electrical Control Systems".
Air ducts
Air ducts inside and outside the building, which are responsible for air (supply, exhaust) will be
supported by the ventilators.
A detailed description of this component can be found in the manufacturer's documentation.

Combustion air
The gas turbine generator unit has an air inlet
In this air inlet housing, which is protected against weather and birds, the first
two filter levels of class G2 droplet separator (coalescer) and G4 (pre-filter)
are installed.
Using an air duct, all the air, cool air to the package and combustion air is then
directed to the gas turbine over separate sound absorbers in the actual filter
house above the package.
The two main filter stages for the combustion air are in the filter house - F7
(fine filter) and H10 (Hepa-filter). Using these filters, the combustion air
required for operating the gas turbine is cleaned.
The combustion air reaches the gas turbine over a connected redirection with
flow metal sheets, via a connected sound absorber, a transmission channel
and expansion joint.
The cool air for the package is blown out of the air ducts, without further
filtering, directly into the sound enclosure, through two ventilators which are
installed in two separate areas of the filter house. It is then drawn in again by
two ventilators located on the opposite side.
On the exhaust gas side, the gas turbine is connected, via the exhaust gas
expansion joint and the exhaust gas pipe, with the exhaust gas flange which is
installed on the sound enclosure.
Pressure loss
The specific values of suction loss are described in the following section.
Suction pressure loss indicates the difference between the ambient pressure
and the pressure at the upper air inlet of the turbine.
This difference must be under 20 mbar.
Exhaust gas back pressure indicates the difference between the pressure at
the exhaust gas flange of the turbine and the ambient pressure.
This difference must be under 40 mbar.
These differences in pressure reduce the turbine output and can lead to
damage to the turbine when exceeded. They are therefore important criteria
when designing gas turbine generator units. Furthermore, when the suction
pressure loss exceeds the design values, countermeasures must be taken
(e.g. exchange the filter).
Combustion air filter

The ambient conditions largely depend on the installation site of the turbine, but it must
always be ensured that the pre-combustion air is free from foreign objects and corrosive
material.
The following measures are intended in this regard:
1. Intake port for external air: Here a safety measure in the form of a weather protection
grill with a bird screen is provided.
There is an air velocity of 2.8 m/s inside the weather protection grill and bird screen.
2. The actual fine filtration of air into combustion air for the gas turbine takes place in the
"filter house". The load limit of the filter is typically approx.
3.300
m3/h. The lower the inflow, the longer the downtime of the individual filters and the
risk of icing.
The following table summarises the filter specification.
Efficiency
>99.97% at 0,3p with the DOP method in accordance with
the standard MIL-STD-282
Pressure loss

Starting conditions: approx. 500 Pascal, or less Limit for

exchange
Filter 1 (PDT 3122) approx. 300 Pascal Filter 2 (PDT 3104)
approx. 800 Pascal Filter 1+2 (PDT 3126) approx. 1200
Pascal
Recommended values. Dependent on the filter strength
and the previous system in terms of pressure loss.

Electrical control system

Description
Gas turbine control, includes
in the model with individual control cabinets, or as a control cabinet
connected with the sound enclosure:

Control cabinets with power supply, security and all necessary

switching devices

Control system for the Gas Turbine Generator Unit GBP80D

Visualisation system

Frequency converter for the start, purge and turn motor

Gas warning and fire detecting unit

Air conditioning unit UPS to buffer the control system.

Batteries for the ELOP (Emergency Lube Oil Pump), which are
located in the battery cupboard

Turbine control Control

cabinet +1U01,

Turbine control Control

cabinet +1U01,

400 VAC power feed and

distribution +1N01

Image 48

MiHli

All security devices, switching, monitoring and control devices necessary for
operating the gas turbine generator control unit, as well as the visualisation
are built into the control cabinet.
The most important operating and monitoring systems are in the
control cupboard opposite the entry door of the electrical switching
house.
These three control cupboards are assembled and fulfil the following
individual functions (list from left to right):
+1U01

Turbine control Field

+1U01

Turbine control Field

+1N03

400VAC - feeding and distribution

Turbine control Field 2, +1U01

Buzze
r
Shutdown

Failur
e

GT-start
counter

GT speed

GT
exhaust
gas
temperatur
GT - peak
load counter

Image
50

WINNCC
touchscree
n
Control
panel PP17II
Manual
Synchronisatio
n
Wash
turbine
Automatic
Synchronisatio
n
Synchronisation
Hand
Automatic
Synchronisati
on
Geno
network

Release
turbine
EMERGENC
Y
SHUT-DOWN
Control
location remote
Failure
Acknowledgemen
t

Shows voltage and power of battery system

Image 52
Example

CAUTION
As a general rule, full load drops over the 60kV switch are to be
reported to KAWASAKI Gas Turbine Europe!