SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

SOALAN ESEI (bahagian B respon tertutup)

1

(a)

The smaller-sized potatoes will cook faster than the bigger-sized ones.
Explain why.
Kentang bersaiz kecil masak lebih cepat daripada bersaiz besar.
Terangkan mengapa.
Aras sederhana[4 marks]

(b)

A group of students carried out two experiments to investigate the factor

affecting the rate of reaction between zinc powder and hydrochloric acid, HCl.
Diagram 1 shows the set-up of apparatus used in the experiments.
Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor
yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara serbuk zink dengan asid hidroklorik,
HCl.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam kedua-dua
eksperimen itu
Experimen
t
Eksperime
n

Apparatus set-up
Susunan radas

Volume of hydrogen
gas released in the first
2 minutes
Isi padu gas terbebas
dalam masa 2 minit
pertama

100 cm3 of
0.1 mol dm-3 HCl

40 cm3 of gas
40 cm3 gas

Zinc powder
Serbuk zink
II

100 cm3 of
0.1 mol dm-3 HCl

60 cm3 of gas
60 cm3 gas

Zinc powder + substance X

Serbuk zink + bahan X

(i)

In the presence of substance X in Experiment II, the higher volume of

gas is released in the first 2 minutes compared to Experiment I.
State one substance that can be used as substance X.

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

Dengan kehadiran bahan X dalam Eksperimen II, isi padu gas yang
terbebas
dalam dua minit pertama adalah lebih tinggi.
Nyatakan satu bahan yang boleh digunakan sebagai bahan X.
Aras sederhana [1 mark]
(ii)

Calculate the average rate of reaction in Experiment I and Experiment

II in the first 2 minutes.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II
dalam masa 2 minit pertama .
Aras tinggi [2 marks]

(iii
)

Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II.

Explain your answer based on collision theory.
Banding kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Jelaskan jawapan anda berdasarkan kepada teori perlanggaran.
Aras tinggi [5 marks]

(iv)

Sketch a graph of volume of the gas released against time for both sets
of experiments in the first 2 minutes.
Lakar graf isi padu gas terbebas melawan masa bagi kedua-dua set
eksperimen dalam masa 2 minit pertama.
Aras sederhana [2 marks]

(v)

Write an ionic equation for the reaction between zinc powder and
hydrochloric acid.
Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara serbuk zink dan asid
hidroklorik.
Aras tinggi [2marks]

(vi)

Hydrochloric acid in Experiment I is replaced with sulphuric acid with

the same volume and concentration. Compare the rate of reaction and
the maximum volume of hydrogen gas released between these two
experiments.
Explain your answer.
Asid hidroklorik dalam Eksperimen I digantikan dengan asid sulfurik
yang mempunyai isi padu dan kepekatan yang sama. Bandingkan
kadar tindak balas dan isi padu maksimum gas hidrogen yang
terbebas antara kedua-dua eksperimen ini.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
Aras tinggi [4 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

A student carried out three experiments to investigate the effects of the factors
influencing the rate of reaction. Table 2 shows the results of the experiment.
Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan tiga eksperimen untuk menyiasat kesan faktorfaktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusankeputusan eksperimen tersebut
Total volume of gas collected in
two minutes, cm3.
Jumlah isipadu gas yang
terkumpul dalam dua minit,cm3.

Experiment
Eksperimen

Reactants
Bahan Tindak Balas

0.2 g of marble chips, calcium

carbonate, CaCO3 and 25cm3 of
sulphuric acid, H2SO4, 0.3 mol
dm-3 in 60oC

30.00

II

0.2 g of marble chips, calcium

carbonate, CaCO3 and 25cm3 of
sulphuric acid, H2SO4, 1 mol dm-3
in 60oC

45.00

III

0.2 g of marble chips, calcium

carbonate, CaCO3 and 25cm3 of
sulphuric acid, H2SO4, 0.3 mol
dm-3 in 40oC

15.00

Table 2 / Jadual 2
(a)

State the meaning of the rate of reaction.

Nyatakan maksud kadar tindak balas.

(b)

Calculate the average rate of reaction for :

Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi:

Aras rendah [1 mark]

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(c)

(i)

(ii)

Experiment I
Experiment II
Experiment III

(In cm3s-1)

Aras tinggi [3 marks]

Write a balance chemical equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate
with sulphuric acid.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindakbalas antara kalsium
karbonat dengan asid sulfurik.
Aras tinggi [2 marks]
Calculate the maximum volume of gas produced at S.T.P
Hitungkan isipadu gas maksimum yang terhasil pada S.T.P.
[Relative atomic mass : Ca, 40 ; C, 12 ; O,16 ;
Molar volume : 22.4 dm3 mol - 1 at S.T.P]
[Jisim atom relatif : Ca, 40 ; C, 12 ; O,16 ;
Isipadu Molar : 22.4 dm3 mol -1 pada S.T.P]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

(d)

RATE OF REACTION

Aras tinggi[4 marks]

With the reference to the collision theory, compare the rates of reaction between:
Dengan merujuk kepada teori perlanggaran, bandingkan kadar tindak balas di
antara:
(i)

Experiment I and Experiment II

Eksperimen I and Eksperimen II

(ii)

Experiment I and Experiment III

Eksperimen I and Eksperimen III

Aras tinggi [5 marks]

Aras tinggi [5 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

3
(a)

RATE OF REACTION

Explain why metal structures of buildings in industrial areas are easier to corrode than
those in housing areas.
Terangkan mengapa struktur logam pada bangunan di kawasan perindustrian lebih
mudah terkakis berbanding dengan bangunan di kawasan perumahan.
Aras sederhana [4 marks]
(

b)

A student was carried out three experiments to investigate some factors which
influence the rate of reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Table 3 shows the results of the experiments.
Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan tiga eksperimen untuk mengkaji beberapa
faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara zink dan asid hidroklorik.
Jadual 3 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen itu.
Experiment
Eksperimen

Reactants
Bahan tindak
balas

II

III

6.5 g of zinc granules

and 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol
dm-3.hydrocholoric
acid

6.5 g of zinc granules

and 50 cm3 of 0.4 mol
dm-3.hydrocholoric
acid

6.5 g of zinc powder

and 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol
dm-3 hydrocholoric
acid

6.5 g ketulan.zink
dengan 50 cm3 0.2
mol dm-3asid
hidroklorik

6.5 g ketulan zink

dengan 50 cm3 0.4
mol dm-3asid
hidroklorik .

6.5 g serbuk zink

dengan 50 cm3 0.2
mol dm-3 asid
hidroklorik .

Time taken for the

maximum volume
of gas collected
(minute)
Masa yang
diambil untuk
mengumpul isi
padu maksimum
gas (minit)

10.0

10.0

5.0

Observation when
the reaction
stopped.
Pemerhatian
apabila tindak
balas berhenti.

Some zinc is left

unreacted
Sedikit zink tertinggal
tidak bertindak balas

Some zinc is left

unreacted
Sedikit zink tertinggal
tidak bertindak balas

Some zinc is left

unreacted
Sedikit zink tertinggal
tidak bertindak balas

Table 3
Jadual 3
(i)

Write the chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric
acid.
Calculate the maximum volume of gas collected in Experiment II
[Molar gas volume: 24 dm3 mol-1 at room condition]
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara zink dengan
asid hidroklorik.
Hitungkan isi padu maksimum gas yang dikumpulkan dalam Eksperimen II.
[Isi padu molar gas: 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik]
Aras tinggi [4 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

(ii)

RATE OF REACTION

Sketch the graphs for the volume of gas against time for Experiment I, II and III
on the same axes.
Lakarkan graf bagi isipadu gas melawan masa bagi eksperimen I, II, dan III
pada paksi yang sama.
Aras sederhana [4 marks]

(iii)

Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I, II and III in cm3s-1.
Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I, II dan III dalam cm3s-1.
Aras tinggi [3 marks]

(iv)

Compare the initial rates of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II,
and between Experiment I and Experiment III.
With reference to collision theory, explain why there are differences in the initial
rates of reaction in the experiments.
Bandingkan kadar awal tindak balas bagi Eksperimen I dengan Eksperimen II
dan Eksperimen I dengan Eksperimen III.
Terangkan dengan merujuk kepada teori pelanggaran mengapa terdapat
perbezaan kadar awal tindak balas dalam eksperimen tersebut.
Aras tinggi [8 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

4. (a) Food can be cooked faster when smaller pieces of charcoal are used compare to
bigger pieces of charcoal. Explain why.
Hydrogenakan
gas lebih cepat masak apabila menggunakan arang yang bersaiz kecil
Makanan
Gas hidrogen
berbanding arang bersaiz besar. Terangkan mengapa.

Aras sederhana [4 marks]

(b) A group of students carried out three experiments to investigate the factors
affaecting the rate of reaction between sulphuric acid and zinc.
Sekumpulan
menjalankan
50
cm3 of 1.0 pelajar
mol dm-3
sulphuric tiga
acideksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi
kadar
tindak
50
cm3asid sulfurik1.0
mol
dm-3balas

di antara asid sulfurik dan zink.

Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen

Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen

Table 4 shows the results of the experiments.

Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen itu.
Experiment
Eksperimen

II

III

50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric 50

acid
cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
50 cm3asid sulfurik1.0 mol dm-3

50 cm3asid sulfuric 0.5 mol dm-3

Set-up of
apparatus
Susunan
radas

Time taken to
collect 40cm3
of hydrogen
gas/s
Masa yang
diambil untuk
mengumpulk
an 40 cm3
gas
hydrogen/s

Zinc powder
Serbuk zink

80

240

160

Zinc granule
Ketulan zink

Zinc granule

Jadual 4

Ketulan zink

Table 4

(i)

Calculate the average rate of reaction for experiment II.

Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi eksperimen II.

Aras sederhana [1 mark]

(ii)

Write the chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and sulphuric
acid.
Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced in Experiment III.
[ 1 mol of gas occupies the volume of 24 dm3 at room temperature and
pressure]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara zink dengan asid sulfurik.
Hitungkan isipadu maksimum gas hidrogen yang terhasil dalam Eksperimen III.
[ 1 mol gas menempati isipadu sebanyak 24 dm3 pada suhu dan tekanan bilik]

(iii)

Aras tinggi [5 marks]

Based on Table 4, compare the rate of reaction between
Berdasarkan Jadual 4 bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara

Experiment I and experiment II

Eksperimen I and experiment II

Experiment II and experimen III

Eksperimen II dan eksperimen III

In each case, explain the difference in the rate of reaction with reference to
the Collision Theory.
Bagi setiap kes, terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas dengan merujuk kepada
Teori Perlanggaran.

Aras tinggi [10 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

A group of pupils carried out two experiments to study the rate of reaction between
magnesium and two acids, hydrochloric acid and acid T. Table 5 shows the data from
Experiment I and Experiument II.
Sekumpulan murid telah menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji kadar tindak
balas antara magnesium dengan dua asid, asid hidroklorik dan asid T. Jadual 5
menunjukkan data daripada Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Experiment
Eksperimen

Reactants
Bahan tindak balas
0.6 g magnesium
ribbon and 30 cm3
hydrochloric acid 2.0
mol dm-3

I
0.6 g pita magnesium
dengan 30 cm3
hydrochloric acid
2.0 mol dm-3
0.6 g magnesium
ribbon and 30 cm3 acid
T 2.0 mol dm-3
II

0.6 g pita magnesium

dengan 30 cm3 acid T
2.0 mol dm-3

Products
Hasil tindak balas
Magnesium
chloride and
hydrogen gas
Magnesium
klorida dan gas
hidrogen
Magnesium
sulphate and
hydrogen gas
Magnesium sulfat
daan gas hidrogen

Observation
Pemerhatian
The
temperature of
the mixture
increases.
Suhu
campuran
meningkat
The
temperature of
the mixture
increases.
Suhu
campuran
meningkat

Table 5
Referring to Experiment II, state the name of acid T used.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction of acid T with magnesium.
Merujuk Eksperimen II, nyatakan nama asid T yang digunakan.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas asid T dengan magnesium.
Aras tinggi [2 marks]

(ii)

Draw an energy profile diagram for the reaction in 5(a)(i).

On the energy profile diagram show the:
Activation energy without a catalyst, Ea
Activation energy with catalyst, Ea
Heat of reaction, H
Explain the energy profile diagram
Lukis satu gambar rajah profil tenaga untuk tindak balas di 5(a)(i).
Pada gambar rajah profil tenaga itu tunjukkan:
Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin, Ea
Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, Ea
Haba tindak balas, H
Jelaskan gambar rajah profil tenaga itu.
Aras tinggi [10 marks]

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

(b)

RATE OF REACTION

The graph in Diagram 5 shows the results of Experiment I and Experiment II.
Graf pada Rajah 5 menunjukkan keputusan bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II
Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3
Isipadu gas hidrogen/cm3
400
Experiment II
Eksperimen 1I
Experiment I
Eksperimen I
200

100

200

Time /s
Masa/s

Diagram 5
Rajah 5
Based on the graph:
Berdasarkan graf
Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I
Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I
Aras tinggi [2 marks]

(i
i)

Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and

Experiment II.
Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dengan
Eksperimen II.
Aras tinggi [6 marks]

10

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

6.

(a)

RATE OF REACTION

Smaller pieces of charcoal are easily burnt compare to bigger pieces of

charcoal.
Explain why.
Arang bersaiz kecil lebih cepat terbakar berbanding arang yang besar.
Terangkan mengapa.

Aras sederhana [4 marks]

(b)

A group of students carried out three experiments to investigate the factors

affecting the rate of reaction.
Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan tiga eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.

Table 6 shows the results of the experiments.

Jadual 6 menunjukkan keputusan bagi eksperimen itu.

Experiment

Eksperimen

II

III

50 cm3 ofsolution
0.1 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution
50 dm-3
cm3 of
0.2 mol
dm-3 sodium
thiosulphate
50 cm3 of 0.2 mol
sodium
thiosulphate
solution
50 mol
cm3dm-3
larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.1 mol dm-3
cm3 larutan
tiosulfat
50 cm3 larutan 50
natrium
tiosulfatnatrium
0.2 mol
dm-3 0.2
+
+
+
10 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
10 dm-3
cm3 of
1.0 mol acid
dm-3 sulphuric acid
10 cm3 of 1.0 mol
sulphuric
10 cm3
10 cm3 asid sulfurik
1.0asid
mol sulfurik
dm-3 1.0 mol dm-3 10 cm3 asid sulfurik 1.0 mol dm-3

Set-up of
apparatus
Susunan radas

Temperature /
o
C Suhu / oC
Time taken for
X mark to
disappear from
sight / s

30

35

30

18

10

50

Masa yang
diambil untuk
tanda X tidak
kelihatan / s

Table 6
Jadual 6

(i)

Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and

Experiment II.
Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.

Aras tinggi [2 marks]

11

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

(ii)

RATE OF REACTION

The chemical equation below shows the reaction between sulphuric

acid and sodium thiosulphate solution.
Persamaan kimia di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas antara asid sulfurik
dengan larutan natrium tiosulfat.

Na2S2O3

H2SO4

Na2SO4

+ SO2 + S + H2O

Calculate the maximum mass of sulphur produced in Experiment III.

Hitung jisim maksimum sulfur yang terhasil dalam Eksperimen III.
[ Relative Atomic Mass : S = 32 ]
[ Jisim Atom Relatif : S = 32 ]

Aras tinggi [4 marks]

(iii)

Based on Table 6, compare the rate of reaction between

Berdasarkan Jadual 6, bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara

Experiment I and Experiment II

Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II

Experiment I and Experiment III

Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen III

In each case, explain the difference in the rate of reaction with

reference to the Collision Theory.
Bagi setiap kes, terangkan perbezaan kadar tindak balas dengan merujuk
kepada Teori Perlanggaran.

Aras tinggi [10 marks]

12

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

SOALAN ESEI ( bahagian C respon terbuka)

1

(a)

(i)

(ii)
(b)

What is the meaning of rate of reaction?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar tindak balas?
Aras rendah [1
mark]
Give four factors that affect the rate of reaction.
Berikan empat faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar sesuatu tindak balas.
Aras rendah [2 marks]

Aisyah is preparing her fathers favorite drink, coffee. She heat the water which is used
to dissolve the coffee powder and sugar.
Aisyah ingin menyediakan minuman kegemaran bapanya, air kopi. Dia memanaskan
air yang hendak digunakan untuk membancuh serbuk kopi dan gula.

Base on the above statement, what is the purpose for Aisyah to heat the water
which is used to dissolve the coffee powder and sugar. Your explanation
should include the collision theory.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, apakah tujuan Aisyah memanaskan air yang
hendak digunakan untuk membancuh serbuk kopi dan gula? Huraikan
jawapan anda berlandaskan teori perlanggaran.
Aras tinggi [5 marks]
(c)
When sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution reacts with
sulphuric acid,H2SO4, precipitate is formed.
Apabila larutan natrium tiosulfat , Na2S2O3 bertindak balas
dengan asid sulfurik, H2SO4 , suatu mendakan terbentuk
Based on the statement above, name the precipitate formed and describe
an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction
between sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution and sulphuric acid, H2SO4.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, namakan mendakan yang terbentuk dan
huraikan satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengkaji kesan suhu terhadap
kadar tindak balas di antara larutan natrium tiosulfat, Na2S2O3 dengan asid
sulfurik, H2SO4.
Your answer must include the following:
Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara berikut:
A list of material
A list of apparatus
Procedure of the experiment

13

Senarai bahan
Senarai radas
Prosedur eksperimen

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

Aras tinggi [12 marks]

2
Sodium thiosulphate solution react with sulphuric acid to produce sodium
sulphate,sulphur, sulphur dioxide and water according to the chemical equation
below.
Larutan natrium tiosulfat bertindak balas dengan asid sulfurik untuk menghasilkan
natrium sulfat, sulfur, sulfur dioksida dan air mengikut persamaan kimia di bawah.
Na2S2O3 + H2SO4

Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O

Plan a laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of

reaction by using the chemical reaction.
Rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar tindak
balas dengan menggunakan tindak balas kimia tersebut.
Your planning should include the following aspects :
Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
(a)

Statement of the problem

Pernyataan masalah

(b)

All the variables

Semua pembolehubah

(c)

Statement of the hypothesis

Pernyataan hipotesis

(d)

List of substances and apparatus

Senarai bahan dan radas

(e)

Procedure of the experiment

Prosedur eksperimen

(f)

Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[ 17 marks ]

14

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

Diagram 3 shows a catalytic converter. Catalytic converter is a device used to

reduce the toxicity of emissions in the exhaust gases from motor vehicles.
Platinum, rhodium, palladium and cerium(III) oxide are used as catalysts in
catalytic converter.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan alat pengubah bermangkin. Alat pengubah bermangkin ialah
suatu alat yang digunakan untuk mengurangkan ketoksinan gas-gas yang
dibebaskan melalui ekzos kenderaan bermotor. Platinum, rhodium, palladium and
cerium(III) oksida digunakan sebagai mangkin dalam alat pengubah bermangkin.

Diagram 2
Rajah 2
Manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2, affects the rate of decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide, H2O2. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is as follows:
Mangan(IV) oxide, MnO2, mempengaruhi penguraian hidrogen peroksida, H2O2.
Penguraian hidrogen peroksida adalah seperti berikut:
2H2O2

O2 + 2H2O

Plan an experiment to investigate the effect of catalyst on the rate of reaction. Your
planning should include the following aspects:
Rancang satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan mangkin ke atas kadar tindak
balas tersebut. Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:
(a)

Problem statement
Pernyataan masalah

(b)

All the variables

Semua pembolehubah

(c)

Hypothesis
Hipotesis

(d)

List of material and apparatus

Senarai bahan dan alat radas

(e)

Procedure
Prosedur

(f)

Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data
[17 marks]

15

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

(a)

RATE OF REACTION

A group of students carried out experiments to investigate the factor affecting

the rate of reaction between metal P and an acid Q.
Sekumpulan pelajar telah menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan
faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas antara logam P dan asid Q.
Table 10 shows the information about the reactants and the time taken to
collect 30 cm3 of hydrogen gas.
Jadual 10 menunjukkan maklumat tentang bahan tindak balas dan masa
diambil untuk mengumpul 30 cm3 gas hidrogen.
Experiment
Eksperime
n
I

II

Reactants
Bahan tindak balas
Powdered metal P and 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3
acid Q
Serbuk logam P dan 50 cm3 asid Q 1.0 mol dm-3
Powdered metal P and 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3
acid Q
Serbuk logam P dan 100 cm3 asid Q 0.5 mol dm-

Time taken (s)

Masa diambil
(s)
10

20

Table / Jadual 10
(i)

Suggest the name of metal P and acid Q.

Cadangkan nama logam P dan asid Q.
By using the named metal P and acid Q, write the chemical equation.
Menggunakan logam P dan asid Q yang dinamakan, tulis persamaan
kimia.
Aras sederhana [4 marks]

(b)

(ii)

Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and Experiment

II.
Hitung kadar tindak balas purata bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.
Aras tinggi [2 marks]

(iii)

Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and

Experiment II.
Terangkan perbezaan kadar tindakbalas antara Eksperimen I dan
Eksperimen II.
Use the collision theory in your explanation.
Gunakan teori perlanggaran dalam penerangan anda.
Aras tinggi [4 marks]

By using either size of reactant or temperature, describe an experiment how

this factor affecting the rate of reaction.
Dengan menggunakan faktor saiz bahan tindak balas atau suhu, huraikan satu
eksperimen bagaimana faktor berkenaan mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.
Aras tinggi [10 marks]

16

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014

RATE OF REACTION

Reaction I / Tindak balas I

Reaction between sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution and dilute sulphuric acid,

6 H2SO4 will produce sodium sulphate, Na2SO4, sulphur, S, sulphur dioxide, SO2 and
water, H2O. The Sodium
chemicalthiosulphate
equation is:solution reacts with an acid to produce
a salt, sulphur and a smelly gas, sulphur dioxide.
Larutan natrium tiosulfat bertindak balas dengan satu asid
Tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat, Na2S2O3 dan asid sulfurik cair,
untuk menghasilkan
sulfurNa
dan
satu gas berbau sengit,
H2SO4 akan menghasilkan
natrium sulfat,
2SO4, sulfur, S, sulfur dioksida, SO2
sulfur doksida.
dan air, H2O. Persamaan
kimia adalah:
(a
)

Write Na
an 2ionic
represent
reaction given in the box above.
S2O3 equation
+ H2SO4to
Na2SOthe
4 + S + SO2 + H2O
Tuliskan persamaan ionic untuk mewakili tindak balas yang dinyatakan dalam
petak di atas.
Reaction II / Tindak balas II
[ 2 marks ]
Reaction between hydrochloric acid, HCl and zinc, Zn will produce zinc chloride,
(b2 andThe
rate ofgas,
the Habove
be measured
based on the mass of sulphur
ZnCl
hydrogen
chemicalcan
equation
is:
2. The reaction

produced.
Based on this, state the meaning of the rate of reaction.
Tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik, HCl dan zink, Zn akan menghasilkan zink
Kadar
bagi tindak balas di atas boleh diukur berdasarkan jisim sulfur yang
klorida, ZnCl
2 dan gas hydrogen, H2. Persamaan kimia adalah:
terbentuk. Berdasarkan ini, nyatakan maksud kadar tindak balas.
[ 2 marks ]
2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2
(c

Give two factors that can affect the rate of the reaction stated above and state the

By using the information of Reaction I or Reaction II, plan an experiment to

)
respective effects.
investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. Your planning should
include: Beri dua faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas tersebut di atas dan

kesan masing-masing.

Dengan menggunakan maklumat Tindak balas I atau Tindak balas II, rancang satu [ 4 marks ]
eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar tindak balas. Perancangan
You are
given a conical flask, a piece of white paper and all other common
anda(dhendaklah
mengandungi:

apparatus found in a normal school laboratory. Describe, by writing the steps in

(i)

detail,statement
an experiment to prove the effect of one of the factors that you have given in
Problem
Pernyataan
masalah
(b).
In your answer, you are required to show how the data obtained can be

(ii)

All the variables

Semua
pembolehubah
Anda
dibekalkan dengan satu kelalng kon, sehelai kertas putih dan semua radas

(iii)

Hypothesis
langkah yang teliti, satu eksperimen untuk membuktikan kesan salah satu factor
Hipotesis

(iv
)

analysed to help you draw a conclusion for your experiment.

biasa dalam sebuah makmal sekolah biasa. Huraikan, dengan menulis langkah-

yang anda berikan di (b).

Dalam jawapan anda, anda dikehendaki menunjukkan bagaimana data yang
List of material and apparatus
didapati boleh dianalisakan untuk menolong anda memberi satu kesimpulan untuk
Senarai bahan dan alat radas
eksperimen anda.

(v)

Procedure
Prosedur

(vi
)

Tabulation of data
Penjadualan data

[ 12 marks ]

[17 marks]
[17 markah]

17