LESSON PLAN

Subjects: Biology & English

Topic: Why does water mean life?

AIMS OF THE LESSON:
MAIN AIM: Pupils realize the important role of water in life.
SPECIFIC AIMS:
A pupil:
lists physical and chemical properties of water,
states the role of water for human body,
is able to understand and explain the relation between the
properties of water and its biological function,
perfects the ability of insightful observation and drawing
conclusions from it,
develops the ability of logical and analytic thinking,
predicts the effects of water scarcity,
realizes the threat water contamination poses to the
environment
- notices the need of taking care of water and the environment.
Didactic resources:
Vessel with water, ice cubes, a leaf, a laundry detergent, an
immersion heater, a plastic spoon, cooking salt
Methods of teaching:
A brainstorm, presentation, observation, a causerie.

Stages of the lesson:

1. Brainstormining reasons why water is important for
human life.

2. Experiments the properties of water

Experiment 1
polarity structure (association)
Observation: An ice cube (water in a solid state of matter)
thrown into a beaker
Conclusion: An ice cube thrown into a beaker will
surface.
Experiment 2
A density of water (resistance)

A plastic spoon is resistant to stirring with a flat area of the

spoon.
Experiment 3
Water viscocity (surface tension, cohesion)
Observation: A leaf put on the surface of water flows, but
when a detergent is added the leaf sinks.
Experiment 4
Dipole structure and the ability of dissolving solid
substances (hydration, dissociation)
Observation: A small amount of salt dissolves faster when
the fluid is stirred.
Experiment 5
The ability of dissolving gasses
When water is heated with an immersion heater we can
observe small gas bubbles surfacing (low temperature
enables a solubility of gases in water).
Conclusions:
The roles of water
The roles of water
High heat capacity
thermoregulator
The ability of dissolving - a dissolvent of substances
various substances
that are removed from the
body,
- plays an important role in
the metabolism
High density
kind of "shock absorber" (for
example the cerebrospinal
fluid, the amniotic fluid)
The presence of an oxygen oxygen breathing
dissolved in water
High surface tension
cohesion of cellular and body
fluids

3. Effects of water scarcity in the body

Read the text and after reading mark if the sentences are
true or false.

Dehydration is the excessive loss of body water, with an

accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. Dehydration
occurs when water loss exceeds water intake, usually due to
exercise or disease. Most people can tolerate a three to four percent
decrease in body water without difficulty. A five to eight percent
decrease can cause fatigue and dizziness. Over ten percent can
cause physical and mental deterioration, accompanied by severe
thirst. A decrease more than fifteen to twenty-five percent of the
body water is invariably fatal. Mild dehydration is characterized by
thirst and general discomfort and usually resolves with oral
rehydration. Symptoms of dehydration include thirst, headache,
general discomfort, loss of appetite, dry skin, decreased urine
volume, confusion, unexplained tiredness, and irritability. More
prolonged or severe dehydration leads to abnormally dark urine,
rapid breathing, constipation, decreased blood pressure, dizziness or
fainting when standing up due to orthostatic hypotension,
listlessness, insomnia, and loss of skin elasticity. Athletes may suffer
a loss of performance and experience flushing, low endurance, rapid
heart rates, elevated body temperatures, and rapid onset of fatigue.
A steam engine used coal and water to run... The human muscles as
well as lungs (breathing) and skin (sweating) use water to function.
Drinking the same amount of water that we have lost f.e. by
sweating is not enough - we must drink more. The food we eat
(approx. 1 liter of water) and water we drink (approx. 0.5 l) supply
our body with only half of the amount it needs to stay appropriately
hydrated. If you do not have problems with our kidneys or heart we
need to drink about 1.5 liters of fluids a day. When the symptoms of
dehydration become to be visible we should drink twice more water
than before.
The chronic dehydration is very dangerous, too. The volume of
water does not decrease instantly but lowers gradually to the
amount when the body is severely dehydrated. A liver producing
cholesterol, fats and proteins, is no longer able to continue proper
metabolism, it absorbs more energy of the body, and as a result the
body does not have sufficient energy to supply other body organs.
The toxins are present in a dehydrated body as there is no water
which would remove them from the body. The body fluids become
thick- those include digestive juices. As a result it can cause
inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa and intestines. Higher
acidity also concerns the bloodstream and fluids contained in the
gallbladder. This can result in diseases of joints, eczema, gallstones.
These are the consequences of chronic dehydration.

Dehydration symptoms generally become noticeable after 2%

of normal euhydration water volume has been lost. The symptoms of
dehydration become increasingly severe with greater water loss.
Heart and respiration rates begin to increase to compensate for
decreased plasma volume and blood pressure, while body
temperature may rise because of decreased sweating.


At around 5% to 6% water loss, grogginess or sleepiness,
severe headaches or nausea, and a tingling in the limbs may all be
experienced.

With 10% to 15% fluid loss, muscles may become spastic, skin
may shrivel and wrinkle, vision may dim, urination will be greatly
reduced and may become painful, and delirium may begin.

Losses greater than 15% are usually fatal as organs fail,

starting with the kidneys

True/False
a. Dehydration is the loss of water in the body. (T)
b. Symptoms of dehydration does not include thirst (F)
c. It is enough to drinking the same amount of water that
we have lost, for example by sweating. (F)
d. One of the diseases caused by dehydration is
gallstones. (T)
e. Chronic dehydration causes wrinkles. (T)
4. A threat polluted water pose, and what can be done to
prevent it?
- discussion
Group A presents threats water pollution pose, for example:
- overgrown lakes,
- poisoning aquatic fauna and flora,
- skin burns,
- poisoning drinkable water,
- an environmental degradation,
- an acidicication of lakes and rivers,
- increased mortality,
- more illnesses.
Group B presents actions that can be taken to eliminate water
pollution
The actions we can take to prevent water pollution:
do not pour any toxic chemicals into the lavatory or
washbasin (paints, varnishes),

 do not wash your car in the street - oil and gasoline are
poured into the sewage system and then they penetrate
groundwater,
do not wash your car near the lake or river - the detergent you
are direct water pollutants,
use only eco-friendly washing powders
Consolidation:
Declamation of a poem written by Stanisaw Karaszewski "An
appeal to people":
Gdy si do ycia
wiosn wiat budzi,
przyroda pisze
apel do ludzi:
- To my, roliny!
- To my, zwierzta!
O naszym zdrowiu
nikt nie pamita?
Trujce cieki,
trujce dymy,
bez tlenu rzeki...
...My si dusimy!
A gdy umrzemy
w trujcym brudzie,
na martwej ziemi
zgin te ludzie!

Chcemy y z wami
w zgodzie, przyjani,
niechaj nie zabraknie
wam wyobrani!
Tczowy motyl
nad k lata,
pajk misternie
sie sw uplata.
Patrzcie, jak piknie
w lesie, w ogrodzie!
Ile jest ycia
w ziemi i w wodzie!
I ty, Pierwszaku,
oszczdzaj wod,
nie niszcz i nie mie.
DBAJ O PRZYROD!
Homework
Try to translate the poem into English