Endurance

For Propellers:
3/2

CL  1/2
pr p
1/2
E=
W1
2 S
W0
c
CD

For Jets:
1 L W0
ln
ct D W1

E=

Steepest Climb

RCmax ' VEm

T
cos ()

W
E

Where
s
VEm =

2W
SL S

s
4

K
CD0

Fastest Climb

RCmax = VF C

T
W

3
2 (T/W )
2Em

Where
s
VF C =

(T/S )
3SL CD0

Fastest Turn
nF T

s 

Tmax
= 2
Em 1
W
s

VF T =

2 (W/S )
SL

K
CD0

 14

CD

Longest Glide
s
RD =

Maximum Range:
For Propellers:
R=

2W
SL S

3/2

CL

P R L W0
ln
c D W1

For Jets:
R=

2
ct

1/2

CL  1/2
1/2
W0 W1
S CD

Tightest Turn:
nT T =

2 (1/n2maxaero )

Where:
nmaxaero =

And:

s
VT T = 2

Tmax
Em
W

(W/S ) K
SL (T/W )

Minumum Sinking Rate:

s
VV =

2
3
CL
/C 2

W
S

Minimum Takeo Distance:

XGR

"
#
2
(T/W ) r
ln
=
2
2g
(T/W ) r (VLO/)

Where:

s
=

1
2 SL S

W
(CDT r CLT )

Minimum Landing Distance:

XGR =

1.21 (W/S )
SL CLL g [(Tres/W ) r ]