Energy density of 1-D longitudinal standing waves

Strain:
cross-section
(in the yz-plane)

density of the medium

(stress strain)

For a sinusoidal longitudinal standing wave,

where

Energy density of 1-D longitudinal travelling waves

Non-dispersive waves

t0

t1

t2

Different parts (colours) move with the same speed

Dispersive waves

t0

t1

t2

Different parts (colours) move with different speed

Dispersion relation

is independent of k for non-dispersive waves

is in general a function of k for dispersive waves

Some examples

dispersion relation

Phase and group velocities

As

Graphical representation

Vibration of a bar clamped at one end

A property of the bar

Water waves
surface tension of water,

water density

Gravity waves:

Capillary waves (ripples):

Wave packets and pulses

y

t
x

Superposition of waves