Additional Mathematics: Functions

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ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
MODULE 1
FUNCTIONS
Organized by
Jabatan Pelajaran Pulau Pinang 2006
http://mathsmozac.blogspot.com
http://sahatmozac.blogspot.com
CHAPTER 1 : FUNCTIONS
Contents
1.1 Concept map
Page
2
1.2 Determine domain , codomain , object,

image and range of relation
1.3 Classifying the types of relations
2.1 Recognize functions as a special relation.

2.2 Expressing functions using function
notation.
2.3 Determine domain , object , image and
range
4-5
3.0 Composite Functions
6 -9
4.0 SPM Questions
9 10
5.0 Assessment test
11 12
6.0 Answers
13 14
1
CONCEPT MAP
FUNCTIONS
Relations
Object
images
.,,
Functions
Function
Notation
Type
of
relation
y
Or
Composite
Functions
Inverse
Functions
f: x
One to
one
Many to
one
..
fg ( x ) = .
Object
f(x)=y

2
1.1 Functions
Express the relation between the following pairs of sets in the form of arrow diagram,
ordered pair and graph.
Arrow diagram
Ordered pair
Graph
a ) Set A =
Kelantan, Perak ,
Selangor
Set B = Shah Alam
, Kota Bharu ,Ipoh
Relation: City of the
state in Malaysia
b )Set A
= triangle,rectangle,
pentagon
Set B = 3,4,5
Relation : Number of
Sides
1.2 Determine domain , codomain , object, image and range of relation.

List down the domain , codomain , objects , images and the range of the following relation
.
-2
-3
Set P
Diagram 1
Set Q
Domain =
Codomain =
Object
=
Image
=
Range
=...
3
1.3 Classifying the types of relations

State the type of the following relations
a)
x
2
16
x
X
-2
-3
36
..
c)
b)
X2
.
Type of number
d)
3
4
2
-3
Prime
Even
-3
..
2.0 Functions
2.1 Recognize functions as a special relation.
2.2 Expressing functions using function notation.
2.3 Determine domain , object , image and range
2.1 Identify each of the following relations is a function or not.
a)
b)
c)
p
4
2.2 Express each of the following functions using function notation.
a)
b)
Function notation
f : x ..
or f ( x ) =
c)
16
Function notation
g : x ..
or g ( x ) =
Function notation
h : x ..
or h ( x ) =
2.3 a)Find the image for each of the following functions.

( i ) f : x 2x + 9
( ii ) f : x
f (5 ) =
5x 3
2
x
+6
5
find h ( -2 )
iii) h : x
f (-3 ) =
..
b ) Find the object for each of the following functions.

i )f : x 2x 3 , find the
object when the image is 5.
2x 8
, find the
3
object when the image is 3.
ii )f : x
6
7 , find the
x
object when the image is -5.
i )f : x
5
c ) Find the value of x for each of the following function.

8
2x 1
for which g (x) = 4
ii )
i ) f ( x ) = 2x + 7
for which f ( x ) = 3
g(x)=
iii)
x 3
2
for which h ( x ) = x
h(x) =
3.0 Composite Functions
fg
f: a b
g: b c
gf : a c
3.1 ( a ) Find the value for each of the following composite functions
i ) f( x ) = x + 2 and
g ( x) = 5x + 3
find fg ( 2 ) =
ii ) g ( x ) = 2 +5x
iii) f(x) = 3x+
find g2(4)
=
1
and g ( x )
2
1
.Find fg ( 1 )
x 1
6
( b ) Find the following composite function.
( i ) f( x ) = 2x + 3
g( x ) = 1 x
fg ( x ) =
( ii ) f( x ) = 2x + 3
g( x ) = 2 + 5 x2
gf ( x ) =
( iii ) f ( x ) = 1 g(x)=
x
2
4
x
fg ( x ) =
( c) Find the value of x for each of the following composite function.

3
x
g ( x ) = 2x + 1
i) f ( x ) =
fg ( x ) = 5
ii )f( x ) = 2x + 4
iii) f ( x ) = 1 -
g ( x ) = x -2
g (x ) =
fg ( x ) = 2
4
x
fg ( x ) = -1
7
x
,
2
( d ) Solve
i )Given the function
f: x 4x + k ,
g : x x 2
fg : x mx + 8
ii )Given the function

f: x 9 2x ,
g : x ax + b and
fg: x 1 6x
iii)Given the function

f: x 2x 1 ,
g : x 4x and
gf : x ax + b
Find the value of k and m
Find the value of a and b.
Find the value of a and b
8
4.0 SPM QUESTIONS

SPM 2004 ( paper 1, question no 1 )
1. Diagram 1 shows the relation between set P and set Q
z
Set P
Set Q
Diagram 1
State
( a ) the range of the relation,
( b ) the type of relation.
Answer:
9
[2 marks]
SPM 2004 ( paper 1, question no 3)

1. Given the function h ( x ) =
6
, x 0 and the composite function hg ( x ) = 3x , find
x
(a)g(x)
( b ) the value of x when gh ( x ) = 5.
Answer:
10
[ 4 marks]
SPM 2005 Question

1. In Diagram 1 , the function h maps x to y and the function g maps y to z.
x
8
5
2
Diagram 1
Determine
( a ) gh ( 2 )
Answer:
11
5.0 Assessment( 30 minutes)

1)
P
s
A
Diagram 1
The diagram above shows the relation between set A and set B. State
a) the type of relation
b) the range of relation
Answer:
2) Given that f : x 2x + 7 find the object when image is 3.

Answer:
3) Given that f ( x ) = 10 kx and f ( 2 ) = 4 ( k constant ) . Find the value of k.

Answer:
12
4) Given that f ( x ) = 4x -1 and g ( x ) = 2x + 3 .

Find
i ) fg ( x )
ii ) fg ( - 2 )
Answer:
5 ) Given the function f : x px + 2 and g : x qx + 3 . If the composite function fg is

such that fg ( x ) = 8x + 8 , find the values of p and q.
Answer:
13
6.0 ANSWERS
1.1
Arrow diagram
Ordered pair
KB
Kel
SA
Sel
(kel, kb), (Sel,

S.Alam), (
Perak,Ipoh)
Ipoh
Per
Graph
KB
SA
Ipoh
Kel
Tri
(Tri, 3), (rec,

4), ( Pen,5)
43
rec
Per
5
4
Pen
Sel
3
A
Pen
rec
Tri
1.3
Domain = -3,-2,1,2,3 , codomain = 1,3,4,5,9 , Object =1,2,3,-2,-3

Image = 1,3,4,5,9 , Range = 1,4,9
( a ) one to one ( b ) One to many( c ) many to one( d ) many to many
2.1
( a ) function
2.2
(a) 2x (b) x2 (c) 2x + 3
2.3
a) ( I ) 19
(ii) -6 (iii ) 3
3.1
a) ( i) 15
(ii ) 102
b) (i) 5 2x
(ii) 20x2+60x+47
1.2
( b ) Not function
1
(ii) 1
5
d) (i) k=16,m=4
c) (i) -
4.0 SPM QUESTIONS

SPM 2004( P1,Q1) a)
SPM 2004( P1,Q3)
SPM 2005( P1,Q1)
( c ) function
b) (i) 2 (ii)
1
1
(iii) 3 c) (i) -2 (ii)
(iii) -3
2
2
( iii) 2
(iii) 1-
2
x
(iii) 1
(ii) a=3,b=4
(iii) a=8,b= - 4
range = x,y
(a) g(x) =
2
, x 0
3
b )many to one
( b) x = 15
14
5.0 Assessment( 30 minutes)

1)
( a)many to many
2)
-2
3)
k=3
4)
(i) 8x+11
(ii) -5
1
p = , q = 16
2
5)
( b ) range =
p,q,r
15
ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
MODULE 2
FUNCTIONS
16
Contents
Page
1.0 Inverse Functions ( concept map )
24
2.0 Absolute Function
4-6
3.0 SPM Questions
78
4.0 Assessment ( 30 minutes )
9 10
5.0 Answers
11 13
17
FUNCTIONS
Ordered pairs
Arrow diagram
Relations
Functions
graph
Object
images
Domain
Codomain ,
Range
Function
Notation
Type
of
relation
f: x
Or
f(x) = y
One to
one
Many to
one
image
Inverse
Functions
Composite
Functions
fg ( x ) = f [ g(x) ]
Object
One to
many
Many
to many
f(x)=y
f-1( y ) = x
1.0 Inverse Functions

1.1 Determine the object by inverse mapping
1.2 Determine the inverse functions
a ) Find the inverse function of each of the following functions.
x
ii) f ( x ) =
i)f(x)=x+3
5
18
iii ) f ( x ) =
3x 1
2
iv ) f ( x ) = 7 5x
v)f(x)=
3 x
4
vi ) f( x ) =
5 4x
3
b ) Find the inverse function of each of the following functions in terms of p and q
i ) f ( x ) = px - q
ii ) f ( x ) =
x p
q
19
iii) f ( x ) = px +
1
q
c ) Given the function f : x
x2
, x 1 and g(x) =2x -6 , find f-1 g .
x 1
Answer:
d ) Inverse function f is define by f-1 : x
x 5
1
, x . Find f ( 2 )
2x 1
2
Answer:
2.0 Absolute Function

1. Sketch the graph of each of the following functions
a)f(x)=x
b)f(x)=x+1
20
c) f (x ) = | x |
d)f(x)=|x+1|
e ) f (x) = |x| + 1
f)f(x)=|x|-1
2.Sketch the graph of each the following functions and state the corresponding range.
a) f : x 2x 3 for 0 x 4
b) f : x |2x 3| for 0 x 4
f(x)
f(x)
Range :.
Range :
21
c) f : x | 5 2x |for -1 x 4
d) f : x |9 2x| for 0 x 6
f(x)
Range :.
Range :.
e) f : x |2x| 1 for -1 x 3
f ) f : x | 3x | for -2 x 2
Range :.
Range :.
22
3.0 SPM QUESTIONS

SPM 2004 Question.
1. Given the functions h : x 4x + m and h-1 : x 2kx +
5
, where m and k are
8
constants, find the value of m and of k.

[ 3 marks]
Answer:
SPM 2005 ( Paper 1, Question 1 )

2. In Diagram 1 , the function h maps x to y and the function g maps y to z.
x
8
5
2
Diagram 1
Determine
( a ) h-1 ( 5 )
Answer:
23

1.The function w is defined as w ( x ) =
( a ) w-1 ( x ),
( b ) w-1 ( 4 ).
Answer:
5
, x 2.
2 x
[ 3 marks]

1.The following information refers to the functions h and g.
h: x
g: x
2x 3
4x - 1
Find gh-1 ( x ).
[ 3 marks]
24
4.0 Assessment ( 30 minutes )

1.A function f is defined by f: x 6 Find
a)f(x)
1
x
2
b ) f-1 ( 5 )
Answer:
2. Inverse function f is defined by f-1 : x
5 4x
3
find f ( 2 ).
Answer:
25
3.Given the function f : x 2x - m and inverse function f-1 : x nx +
7
3
Find the value of m and n.

Answer:
4. Sketch the graph of the function f ( x ) = |2x 5 | for 0 x 6. Hence , state the
corresponding range.
Answer:
26
5.0 ANSWERS
1.1
2x 1
7x
5 3x
(iv)
(v) 3 4x (vi)
3
5
4
xq
x 1
(b)
(ii ) xq + p (iii) p
p pq
2x 4
7
( c)
, x
7 2x
2
( d ) -1
( a )( i) x- 3 ( ii) 5x (iii)
Absolute function
f(x)
a)
f(x)
b)
_1
|
-1
f(x)
c)
f(x)
d)
_1
|
-1
f(x)
e)
f(x)
f)
_1
|
-1
|
-1
_ -1
|
1
|
1
|
2 x
2.
a)
f(x)
b)
_8
f(x)
_5
|
1
|
2 x
-3
3 f ( x) 8
0 f(x) 5
27
c)
f(x)
_7
f(x)
d)
_9
|
2
|
4
|
3 x
0 f(x) 7
0 f(x) 9
f(x)
_5
e)
|
5 x
f(x)
_6
f)
_1
|
-1
|
_ -1 1
|
3x
-1 f(x) 5
|
-2
|
2
0 f(x) 6
SPM 2004 ( P1,Q2)

1
5
K= , m=8
2
SPM 2005 ( P1,Q2)
(a) 2
SPM 2005 ( P1,Q2)
2x 5
3
(a)
, x 0 ( b )
x
4
SPM 2005 ( P1,Q3)
2x+ 5
Assessment ( 30 minutes )
1)( a) 12 2x ( b ) 8
1
2) 4
1
3) n = , m=7
2
4)
28
a)
f(x)
_7
_5
|
2
|
3
|
6
The corresponding range of f(x ) = 0 f(x) 7
29

Additional Mathematics: Functions

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Additional Mathematics: Functions

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http://sahatmozac.blogspot.

1.2 Determine domain , codomain , object,

1.3 Classifying the types of relations

2.1 Recognize functions as a special relation.

3.0 Composite Functions

4.0 SPM Questions

5.0 Assessment test

1.2 Determine domain , codomain , object, image and range of relation.

1.3 Classifying the types of relations

2.2 Express each of the following functions using function notation.

2.3 a)Find the image for each of the following functions.

b ) Find the object for each of the following functions.

c ) Find the value of x for each of the following function.

3.0 Composite Functions

iii) f(x) = 3x+

( b ) Find the following composite function.

( c) Find the value of x for each of the following composite function.

ii )Given the function

iii)Given the function

Find the value of k and m

Find the value of a and b.

Find the value of a and b

4.0 SPM QUESTIONS

SPM 2004 ( paper 1, question no 3)

SPM 2005 Question

5.0 Assessment( 30 minutes)

2) Given that f : x 2x + 7 find the object when image is 3.

3) Given that f ( x ) = 10 kx and f ( 2 ) = 4 ( k constant ) . Find the value of k.

4) Given that f ( x ) = 4x -1 and g ( x ) = 2x + 3 .

5 ) Given the function f : x px + 2 and g : x qx + 3 . If the composite function fg is

(kel, kb), (Sel,

(Tri, 3), (rec,

Domain = -3,-2,1,2,3 , codomain = 1,3,4,5,9 , Object =1,2,3,-2,-3

(a) 2x (b) x2 (c) 2x + 3

4.0 SPM QUESTIONS

5.0 Assessment( 30 minutes)

1.0 Inverse Functions ( concept map )

2.0 Absolute Function

3.0 SPM Questions

4.0 Assessment ( 30 minutes )

1.0 Inverse Functions

c ) Given the function f : x

d ) Inverse function f is define by f-1 : x

2.0 Absolute Function

3.0 SPM QUESTIONS

constants, find the value of m and of k.

SPM 2005 ( Paper 1, Question 1 )

SPM 2005 ( Paper 1, Question 2 )

SPM 2005 ( Paper 1, Question 3 )

4.0 Assessment ( 30 minutes )

2. Inverse function f is defined by f-1 : x

3.Given the function f : x 2x - m and inverse function f-1 : x nx +

Find the value of m and n.

SPM 2004 ( P1,Q2)

The corresponding range of f(x ) = 0 f(x) 7

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