GravityRetainingWallJ.P.T.SDNBHD.

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DesignofRUBBLESTONE(GRAVITY)RetainingWall
By:M.Y.LEONG
Latestupdate: 1061992
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Page#1
Projecttitle:
FUJIKURAMALAYSIANEWPLANTPROJECT
Wallidenti.:
3.0mHeightRubbleWall(fr.topwalltogrdlevel)
Engineer:
LEONG
Date:
5thApril99
(1)SpecificationofMaterial
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~
UnitweightofRubbleStone,sw=
Unitweightofsoil,sws=

22.0 kN/m3
18.0 kN/m3

(2)WallDimemsions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Activesurcharge=
0.00 kN/m
|| ||||| ||||
//
// =
0.00
//

:tt://
Topofwall
++

|\
|
|\
Backfill |
|\
|
|
\
|
Passiveface
|
\
Activeface
(Batter/Vertical)
|
\
(Batter) Ha=
3000
1:y
|
\
1:z
mm
|#Rubble\
|
GrdLevel |Stone#\
|
|
\
Inclined |
Hp/// //////// |
\ angle
|

+ +
Outerfoo ting|
"B"
|Innerfooting
"A"+ +"C"
>:Wo:<Wp>:Wi:<
TypicalArrangementofRetainingWall
~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Heightofwall,Ha=
3.000
Thicknessofwall(top),tt=
250
Inclinationofactiveface(1:z),z=
0.00
InclinedOutwardsAngle(activeface),Ang=
90.00
Equ.bottomwidthatactiveface,Wa=Ha/z=
0
Inclinationofpassiveface(1:y),y=
3.53
Equ.bottomwidthatpassiveface,Wp=Ha/y=
850
Thicknessofwall(bottom),tb=tt+Wa+Wp=
1100
Widthofouterfooting,Wo=
150
Widthofinnerfooting,Wi=
200
Thicknessoffooting,tf=
200
Totalwidthofbasefooting,TW=tb+Wo+Wi=
1.450
Thicknessofnib=
0

m
mm

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
m
mm

GravityRetainingWallJ.P.T.SDNBHD.
Heightofnib=
Positionofnibfrom"A"=

0 mm
0 mm

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Page#2
(3)ExternalLoads
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
(a)ActivePressure
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~
Heightofbackfill,Ha=
3.000 m
Angleofslopeofbank,=
0.0 degree
Max.heightofbackfillabovefooting,Hb=
Ha+(Wa+Wi)*Tan
=
3.000 m
Surcharge,Sur=
0.00 kN/m
(b)PassivePressure
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~
Heightofbackfill,Hp=

0.600 m

(4)WallStability
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
(a)Soilparameters
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~
Allowablebearingpressure,pa=
100 kN/m
Internalangleoffriction,=
33 degree
Coefficientoffriction,fric=
0.50
Thefictionalforcebetweensoilandwallstemisusuallyignored.
FromTABLE16:REYNOLD'SHANDBOOK:
AngleAlfa,x=
0.545
Coef.ofactivesoilpressure,k1=
0.29
Coef.ofpassivesoilpressure,kp=(1+Sin)/(1Sin)=
3.39
Coef.ofactivesoilpressure,k2=1/kp=
0.29
(b)StabilityCalculations
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
ActivePressure:
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~
Heightofsoilfromsoffitofbase,Hs=Hb+tf=
Equivalentheightofsurcharge,Heq=Sur/sws=
Totalequi.heightofsoil,Ht=Hs+Heq=
Pressureattopofwall,qt=k1.Heq.sws=
Pressureatbase,qb=k1.Ht.sws=

3.20
0.00
3.20
0.00
16.98

PassivePressure:
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Totalheightofsoilfrombaseofnib=
Eff.ht.ofsoil(Ignoredtop250mm),ht=
Horiz.pressureatbase,qbb=kp.ht.sws=

0.80 m
0.55 m
33.58 kN/m

m
m
m
kN/m
kN/m

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Page#3
(i)TableofHorizontalLoad&Moment@"A"
============================================
+
Load
Horizontal
Distance
Load
FromBase
(kN)
(m)
+
Activepressure:
Uniform
0.0
0.00
Triangular
27.2
1.07
HLa=
27.2
Passivepressure:
TriangularHLp=
9.2
0.18
+
Total
HL=
17.9
HMA=
+

+
Moment@
"A"&"C"
(kNm)
+
0.0
29.0

1.7
+
27.3
+

(ii)TableofVerticalLoad&Moment@"B"
=============================================
+
Vertical
Distance
Load
From"B"(m)
(kN)
(Centreofbase)
+
Wall(centre)
16.5
0.400
Wall(activeface)
0.0
0.525
Wall(passiveface)
28.0
0.008
Base
6.4
0.000
Nib
0.0
0.000
Activebackfill(triangle)
0.0
0.525
Activebackfill(rectangle)
10.8
0.625
Soilonslope
0.0
0.000

+
Moment
About"B"
(kNm)
+
6.6
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.7
0.0

Activesurcharge
0.0
0.000
0.0
Passivebackfill(triangle)
0.0
0.575
0.0
Passivebackfill(rectangle)
1.6
0.650
1.1
Other
0.0
0.000
0.0
+ +
Total
TVL=
63.3
VMB=
12.1
+ +

GravityRetainingWallJ.P.T.SDNBHD.
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Page#4
(iii)TableofVerticalLoad&Moment@"A"
=============================================
+
Vertical
Distance
Load
From"A"
(kN)
(m)
+
Wall(centre)
16.5
1.125
Wall(activeface)
0.0
1.250
Wall(passiveface)
28.0
0.717
Base
6.4
0.725
Nib
0.0
0.000
Activebackfill(triangle)
0.0
1.250
Activebackfill(rectangle)
10.8
1.350
Soilonslope
0.0
1.383
Activesurcharge
0.0
1.350
Passivebackfill(triangle)
0.0
0.320
Passivebackfill(rectangle)
1.6
0.075
+
Total
63.3
+

+
Moment
About"A"
(kNm)
+
18.6
0.0
20.1
4.6
0.0
0.0
14.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
+
VMA=
58.0
+

(5)BearingCapacity
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Areaoffooting(1mperrun),A=TW=
Modulusofelasticity,Z=A/6=
Max.pressureatA,Pmax=TVL/A+(VMA+VMB)/Z=
Pressurebelowoutfaceofwall=
Pressurebelowinnerfaceofwall=
Min.pressureatC,Pmin=TVL/A(VMA+VMB)/Z=

1.45
0.35
87.2
78.2
12.2
0.2

m/permrun
m3
kN/m<paO.K.
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m>0O.K.

(6)Sliding&Overturning
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Forcesresistingsliding,Rs=fric.TVLHLp=
Factorofsafetyagainstsliding=Rs/HLa=
Factorofsafetyforoverturning=VMA/HMA=

40.9 kN
1.51 >1.50O.K.
2.12 >1.50O.K.

GravityRetainingWallJ.P.T.SDNBHD.
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