Modeling

Control engineering and signal processing

Michala Srnová
2009/2010
 Content

Physical system

Laws of Physic

Differential equations

Laplace transform

Linearization

Transfer function

Block Diagrams

Block Diagram Transformation
 Physical system

Physical laws

Mathematical model – to analyze the system


Physical system => dynamic in nature:

Differential equations

Laplace transform

Linear approximations
 Physical system

Examples:

Mechanical system – mass,spring,damper

Electrical system –
resistor,capacitor,inductor
 Laws of Physic

To describe the system in physical way

There is a lot of laws

In description of mechanical and electrical system
are often used:
− Newton Laws
− Ohm Laws
− Other electronic laws
− Energy laws
F=ma u=R i u=L di/dt i=C du/dt
 Differential equations

Describe the dynamic performance

Obtained by the utilizing physical laws


Solution: function

Laplace transform – simplifying the method
of solution
 Laplace transform

Solve differential equations with algebra

! Linear system with time invariant parameters
 Laplace transform II

Important LT pairs
 Linearization

Linear system: superposition,homogeneity

Nonlinear system: linearization about operating point

Taylor series


Curve fitting – curve that fits to a series of
points

Slope in operating point
 Transfer function

Only linear and stationary system

Input-Output description of behaviour of a system

Ratio of LP{output signal} to LP{input signal}

Y(s) = G(s) * R(s)
− R(s) input signal
− Y(s) output signal

Transfer function:

TF= Y(s)/R(s)=G(s)
 Block Diagrams

Represents the transfer function

System relationships

Prevalent in control system engineering


Control systems
Block Diagram Transformations
Thank you for your attention