(6) Example A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.

4m 3
of air at 100kPa and 80 . The air is now compressed to 0.1m3
in such a way that the temperature inside the cylinder remains
constant. Determine the work done during this process.
Solution For an ideal gas at constant temperature T0
pV mR g T0 C

Where C is a constant.
2

2 dV

W 1 pdV C 1

C ln

W (100kPa)(0.4m 3 ) ln

V2
V
p1V1 ln 2
V1
V1

0.1
55.45kJ
0.4

(7) Example A Carnot heat engine receives 500kJ of heat

per cycle from a high-temperature source at 652 and rejects
heat to a low-temperature sink at 30 . Determine (a) the
thermal efficiency of this Carnot engine and (b) the amount of
heat rejected to the sink per cycle.
Solution The heat supplied to a Carnot heat engine is
given. The thermal efficiency and the heat rejected are to be
determined.
a) The Carnot engine is a reversible heat engine, and so
its efficiency can be determined to be

t , c 1

TL
30 273
1
0.672
TH
652 273

This is, this Carnot heat engine converts 67.2 percent of the
heat it receives to work.
b) The amount of heat rejected QL by this reversible
heat engine is easily determined to be
QL, rev

TL
30 273
QH , rev
500 164
TH
652 273

kJ

Discussion Note that this Carnot heat engine rejects to be a

low-temperature sink 164 kJ of the 500 kJ of heat it receives
during each cycle.
8 A rigid container has 1kg CO2 at 300K and 1 kg
argon at 400K both at 150 kPa. Now they are allowed to mix
without any heat transfer. What is final T, P ?