L2

L3

L1

AIR VALVE
POWER AND CONTROL CUBICLE

IL
DISCHARGE

VALVE CHAMBER

VALVE CHAMBER

PRESSURE
MAIN

WET-WELL
WET-WELL

INLET

CUT - IN - LEVEL
MEAN WATER LEVEL (MWL)
CUT-OUT LEVEL

INLET

IL
DISCHARGE
d

STATIC HEAD :
Hs = IL DISCHARGE - MWL + d

Hs

PRESSURE
MAIN

IL HIGH
H3 POINT

POWER AND CONTROL CUBICLE

RECEIVING
SEWER

CUT- IN LEVEL
MEAN WATER LEVEL (MWL)
CUT- OUT LEVEL

H1
H2

RECEIVING
SEWER

STATIC HEAD :
a) IF H 3 - > HEADLOSS IN L3
Hs = IL HIGH POINT - MWL + d
b) IF H 3 < HEADLOSS IN L3
Hs = IL DISCHARGE - MWL + d
NOTE: IN TOTAL MEAN HEAD CALCULATIONS THE FRICTION HEAD
LOSS IN CASE a) SHOULD BE CALCULATED TO THE HIGH POINT (L1),
AND IN CASE b) TO DISCHARGE (L2)

PUMPING UNIT

CASE 1 - ALWAYS RISING PRESSURE MAIN

CASE 2 - PRESSURE MAIN WITH A HIGH POINT

PUMPING UNIT

Ld
Ln
L2

L1

HGL

AIR VALVE
IL hp1

AIR VALVE

AIR VALVE
IL hp2

IL hpn

POWER AND CONTROL CUBICLE

SCOUR
VALVE CHAMBER

PRESSURE
MAIN

H1

H2

WET-WELL
INLET

CUT - IN - LEVEL
MEAN WATER LEVEL (MWL)
CUT-OUT LEVEL

CASE 3 - UNDULATING PRESSURE MAIN

PUMPING UNIT

BASED ON SYDNEY WATER STANDARD DRAWING

SCOUR

Hn

Hd

IL DISCHARGE

RECEIVING
SEWER

STATIC HEAD:
a) CALCULATE FRICTION HEAD LOSS TO EACH HIGH
POINT PAST AND INCLUDING THE HIGHEST POINT
AND TO DISCHARGE AND ADD RESPECTIVE STATIC
HEADS, eg.
2
FOR hp1: Hs + H2 = ( ILhp1 - MWL - d ) + f L1 V
d 2g
b) THE HIGHEST VALVE REPRESENTS
THE HIGHEST GRADIENT POINT IN THE
PRESSURE MAIN.
c) CALCULATE STATIC HEAD as :
Hs = IL HIGHEST GRADIENT POINT- MWL + d
NOTE: IN TOTAL MEAN HEAD CALCULATIONS THE FRICTION HEAD
LOSS SHOULD ALSO BE CALCULATED TO THE HIGHEST HYDRAULIC
GRADIENT POINT.