Computer Networks and

Communications

NAME

IC/NO

CLASS

1.0

INTRODUCTION

(Computer Network and Communication)

Today computer is available in many offices and homes and

therefore there is a need to share data and programs among
various
computers
with
the
advancement
of
data
communication
facilities.
The
communication
between
computers has increased and it thus it has extended the power
of computer beyond the computer room. Now a user sitting at
one place can communicate computers of any remote sites
through communication channel. The aim of this chapter is to
introduce you the various aspects of computer network.

2.0

MOBILE COMPUTING

2.1

DEFINITION

Mobile Computing is an umbrella term used to describe

technologies that enable people to access network services
anyplace, anytime, and anywhere. Ubiquitous computing and
nomadic computing are synonymous with mobile computing.
Information access via a mobile device is plagued by low
available bandwidth, poor connection maintenance, poor
security, and addressing problems. Unlike their wired
counterparts, design of software for mobile devices must
consider resource limitation, battery power and display size.
Consequently, new hardware and software techniques must be
developed.

2.2
SPECIFICATION, SERVIS AND FREQUENCIES OF MOBILE
COMPUTING

Design

Device type:
Smart phone
OS:

image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/galleryicon.png
Android (5.1) TouchWiz UI

Dimensions:
6.03 x 3.00 x 0.30 inches (153.2 x 76.1 x 7.6 mm)
Weight:
6.03 oz (171 g)
the average is 5.1 oz (144 g)

Materials:
Main body: glass; Accents: metal

Display
image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/benchicon.png

Physical size:
5.7 inches
Resolution:
1440 x 2560 pixels
Pixel density:
518 ppi
Technology:
Super AMOLED
Screen-to-body ratio:
76.62 %
Colors:
16 777 216
Touchscreen:
Multi-touch
Features:
Light sensor, Proximity sensor

Camera
image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/benchicon.png

Camera:

image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/galleryicon.png
16 megapixels
o

Flash:
LED
Aperture size:
F1.9
Focal length (35mm equivalent):
28 mm
Camera sensor size:
1/2.6"
Pixel size:

1.12 m
Features:
Optical image stabilization, Face detection, Smile detection, Digital zoom,
Self-timer, Digital image stabilization, Back-illuminated sensor (BSI), Autofocus, Touch to focus, Geo
tagging
Settings:
Exposure compensation, ISO control, White balance presets, Shutter speed
control
Shooting Modes:

image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/galleryicon.png
Burst mode, High Dynamic Range mode (HDR), Panorama, Effects

Camcorder:
3840x2160 (4K) (30 fps), 1920x1080 (1080p HD)
Features:
Optical image stabilization, Continuous autofocus, Digital image stabilization,
Video calling
Front-facing camera:
5 megapixels

Hardware
image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/benchicon.png

System chip:
Exynos 7 Octa 7420
Processor:
8-core, 2100 MHz, ARM Cortex-A57 and ARM Cortex-A53, 64-bit
Graphics processor:
ARM Mali-T760 MP8
System memory:
4096 MB RAM
Built-in storage:
64 GB

Battery

image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/benchicon.png

Capacity:
3000 mAh
Not user replaceable:
Yes
Wireless charging:
Built-in (Qi, Powermat)

Multimedia
image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/galleryicon.png

image: http://s-cdn.phonearena.com/images/benchicon.png

Music player:
Filter by:
Album, Artist, Genre, Playlists
Features:
Album art cover, Background playback
Speakers:
Earpiece, Loudspeaker
YouTube player:
Yes

Internet browsing

Built-in online services support:

YouTube (upload), Picasa/Google+

Technology

GSM:
850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz
UMTS:
850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz
Data:
LTE-A Cat 6 (300/50 Mbit/s), HSPA (unspecified), HSUPA, UMTS, EDGE, GPRS
nano-SIM:
Yes
Positioning:
GPS, A-GPS, Glonass, BeiDou

Navigation:
Turn-by-turn navigation, Voice navigation

Connectivity

Bluetooth:
4.2
Wi-Fi:
802.11 a, b, g, n, n 5GHz, ac
Mobile hotspot:
Yes
USB:
USB 2.0
Connector:
microUSB
Features:
Mass storage device, USB charging
Other:
NFC, ANT+, Tethering, Computer sync, OTA sync

Other features

Notifications:
Haptic feedback, Music ringtones (MP3), Polyphonic ringtones, Vibration, Flight
mode, Silent mode, Speakerphone
Sensors:
Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Compass, Hall, Fingerprint (touch), Gesture,
Barometer

Voice dialing, Voice commands, Voice recording

3.0

INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES

3.1

VoIP

Voice Over IP is a telephone service that uses the Internet as a

global telephone network. Many companies, including Vonage,
88 and AT&T (CallVantage), typically offer calling within the
country for a fixed fee and a low per-minute charge for
international. Broadband Internet access (cable or DSL) is
required, and regular house phones plug into an analog
telephone adapter (ATA) provided by the company or purchased
from a third party.

3.2

BLOG

A blog is a lot like a journal except it is generally intended to be

read by others. The topics for blogs vary greatly; some being
about day to day activities and others taking a more corporate
or political slant. There is no defined or widely accepted format
and so blogs range from one liners that the author adds every
few hours to relatively long, well thought out arguments for or
against a topic of interest.

4.0

TYPE OF NETWORK
4.1

PAN

A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for

communication among computer devices (including telephones
and personal digital assistants) close to one person. The
devices may or may not belong to the person in question. The
reach of a PAN is typically a few meters. PANs can be used for
communication among the personal devices themselves
(intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher
level network and the Internet (an uplink). Personal area
networks may be wired with computer buses such
asUSB and FireWire. A wireless personal area network (WPAN)
can also be made possible with network technologies such
as IrDA and Bluetooth.

4.2

VPN

Short for (Virtual Private Network), VPN is a type of network

that allows a user to connect to a network through a
tunneling protocol and access internal internet and intranet
web sites and e-mail. Virtual Private Networks are commonly
used to allow an employee with a large company to connect to
the companys intranet.

4.3

WLAN

A Wireless Local Area Network, sometimes referred to as LAWN

( local area wireless network ) is one in which a mobile user can
connect to a local area network (LAN) through a wireless (radio)
connection. The IEEE 802.11 group of standards specify the
technologies for wireless LANs. 802.11 standards use
the Ethernetprotocol and CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple
access with collision avoidance) for path sharing and include an
encryption method, the Wired Equivalent Privacy algorithm. A
personal area network.

4.4

WIMAX

WiMax is the industry term for a long-range wireless networking

standard. WiMax technology has the potential to deliver highspeed Internet access to rural areas and other locations not
serviced by cable or DSL technology. WiMax also offers an
alternative to satellite Internet services. WiMax technology is
based on the IEEE 802.16 WANcommunications standard.
WiMax signals can function over a distance of several miles /
kilometres. Data rates for WiMax can reach up to 75 megabits
per second (Mb/s). A number of wireless signalling options exist
ranging anywhere from the 2 GHz range up to 66 GHz.

5.0

CONCLUSION

Mobile computing (like the peer to peer transaction

model did) brings about a new paradigm of distributed
computing in which communication may be achieved through
wireless networks and users can compute even as they relocate
from one support environment to another. The impact of mobile
computing on systems design goes beyond the networking
level and directly effects data management. Although being a
relatively new area, mobile data management has attracted a
lot of research efforts, motivated by both a great market
potential and by many challenging research problems

REFERENCE
http://smklangkawi.edu.my/blogict/?p=7
http://www.wimax.com/deployment/network
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network