emeronTI5

rgVilCMu
Control Looping

I. rgVilCMu For ( for......... Statement )

syntax :
for ([ Expression 1]; [Expression 2]; [Expression 3])
{
Block Statements ;
}

b
for (kenSam 1; kenSam 2; kenSam 3)

bNa Statement;
rYmmanbIkenSam nigkgtYxn rbs; for Gacman Statement mYy bkb NM Statements
eRcIn EdlsresrenAxageRkaysBaabiTrgVgR; kckrbs;BakKnHw for. cMeBaHkenSamTaMgbIxagelI
GacKankenSamNamYyk)an EtRtUvmansBaa (;) edIm,I xNEckBIkenSammYyeTAkenSammYy
eTotCadac;xat.
for

CaFmtakenSam 1 KWCakenSamPab;tMledIm,IbegtI tMldMbUgeGayGefr loop kenSam 2

CaTMnak;TMng logic beRbobeFobedIm,IkMNt;tMllkxNsMrab;bnrgVil CMueTotby:agNa
cMEnkkenSam 3 KWCakenSamPab;tMlmYyepSgeToteRbIedIm,I begItkarpas;brtMlfIeGay
eTAGefr loop.
dMeNIrkarrbs;BakKnwH for
for eFVIkartambNaCMhanxageRkamenH
1. kMNt;tMlkenSamTI 1
2. kMNt;tMlkenSamTI 2
3. GaRsyelIlkxNBit
bminBitrbs;kenSamTI 2 enaHm:asIunnwgeRCIs
erIsykmYykgcMeNamBIrpvxageRkam
a.
ebIsni CakenSamTI 2 mantMlsUn (lkxNmni Bit) enaHm:asIun
nwgcakecjBIrgVilCMu for ehIybnGnuvtbNa statement enAxag eRkaytYxnrbs;
for.
b.
ebIsinCakenSamTI 2 mantMlxusBIsUn (lkxNBit) enaHm:asIun
nwgGnuvtbNa statements kgxnrbs; for. enAeBlCYbsBaabBab; }
eRkaybgs;rbs;
for
bCYbBakKnwH
continue
enaHm:asIunnwgrt;eTAeFVIkarenACMhanTI 4 (cab;epImCMufI) bneTot.
4. KNnakenSamTI 3 rYcehIyRtlb;eTACMhanTI 2 vijedIm,IbnrgVl
i CMuf.I
edIm,IEsVgyl;GMBdI MeNIrkarrbs; for EfmeTotenaH eyIgnwgeFVIkarBiniteTA
elIkmviFIxageRkamenH EdlkmviFIenHnwgbgajtMlrbs;Gefr count cab;BIeBl Edl count =
1 rhUtdl;eBl count TTYl)antMl 10.

78

Ex1:

/*kmviFI Prog4_7.C */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main( )
{
int count;
clrscr( );
for(count = 1; count <= 10; ++count)
printf(\n%d, count);
printf(\nWe have finished.);
getch();
}

eyIgGacsMEdgeGaylMnaMndMeNIrrbs;kmviFIxagelIeday Flow chart xageRkamenH

Pab;tMlcab;epIm 1 eGay count
etI count tUcCag besI
10beT ?
Bit
bgajtMlrbs; count elIeGRkg;
begIntMl 1eGay count
bgajelIeGRkg;
We have finished

79

minBit

CamYy Flow Chart Edl)anbgajenH eyIgGacemIleXIjedaygayfa

kmviFI Prog4_7.C xagelIenHeRkayeBlRbkasGefr count manRbePT TinnyCa int rYc
vak)anehAGnuKmn_ clrscr() mksMGateGRkg; bnab;mkeTotKW cUldl;kareRbIrgVilCMu for.
enAkgrgVli CMu for enaH CadMbgU vaGnuvtkarPab;tM leGay Gefr count =1 sin
rYcehIyeTIbGnuvtbNakargardUcxageRkam
a. BinitemIllkxNfaetI count tUcCagbesI 10 EdrbeT?
b. RbsinebI
count
tUcCagbesI 10 ()annyfakenSamlkxNBit)
enaHkmviFIRtUvecjtamRcksBaaRBYjBit edIm,IGnuvtkarbgajtMl count elIeGRkg;
rYcehIyeTIbbneTAGnuvtkarbegIntMl 1 EfmeGayeTAGefr count eTot
nigCacugeRkayenHRtUvRtlb;eTAcMNuc a. xagelIvij.
c.
RbsinebI count mintUcCagbesI 10 eT ()annyfakenSamlkxN minBit)
enaHkmviFIRtUvecjtamRcksBaaRBYjminBit edIm,IGnuvtkarbgaj Xa We have
finished..

1.
2.

snidan
kenSam 1 )anKNna nigRtUv)aneRbIenAkgCMudMbUgEtmgKt;.
kenSam 2, kenSam 3 nigxnrbs; for GacRtUv)aneFVIkareRcInCMu.

kMNt;sMKal;
1. ebIKankenSam
2
eT eBlenaHvanwg)ankMNt;fa {lkxNBitCanic}
EdlkgkrNIenH karecjputBIrgVli rbs; for KWRtUvBwgEpkeTAelIBakKnHw break, goto b return
Edl)ansresrkgtYxnrbs; for enaH.
2. enAkgsBaargVgR; kckeRkayBakKnwH
for
RtUv)anEckecjCabIkenSam
EdlkenSamnImYy)anEckdac;BKI a edaysBaa (;). kgkenSamnImYyGacmanmYy beRcInkenSamkUn
EdlkenSamkUnnImYyRtUv)anEckdac;BIKaedaysBaa
(,)
Cabn
eTot

80

CamYynwgkarkMNt;tMlrbs;kenSamkUnnImYyKWRtUv)anGnuvtBeI qVgeTAsaM.
PaBBit
bmni Bitrbs;kenSam
2
RtUv)ankMNt;eTAelIkenSamkUneRkayeKbgs;n
esrIkenSamkUnEdlmankgkenSam 2 enH.
3. enAkgtYxnrbs;BakKnwH for eyIgGaceRbIBakKnwH for epSgeTot )an
EdltamrebobenHeyIgGacbegtI bNargVli enAkgrgVli epSgeTot. (cUremIl kmvFi I Prog4_14.C
enATMBrTI 107).
4. eBlCYbBakKnwH break kgtYxnrbs; for NamYy enaHm:asIun nwgcakecjBI for
EdlmanpkBakKnwH break enaHPam.
5. kgtYxnrbs; for NamYy eyIgGaceRbI goto edIm,IelatecjBItY xnrbs; for
enaH)an (eGayelateTAkEngEdleyIgcg;)an) bkeyIgGaceRbI return kgtYxn for
edIm,IcakecjBIGnuKmn_NamYyk)anEdr.
6. kgxn for GaceRbI continue edIm,IRtlb;eTAcab;epImBIxagedImn loop vij
mannyfaeBlCYb
continue
enaHm:asIunnwgQb;GnuvtbNa
Statements
EdlenAsl;kgtYxnrbs; for ehIyQaneTAkMNt;tMlkenSamTI 3 kgsBaa rgVg;Rkckrbs; for
edIm,IGnuvtCMufIbneTot.
Ex2:

/*---- kmviFI Prog4_8.C -----*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{ int count;
clrscr();
printf(\n******************** ); /* KUskMBUlrbs;RbGb; Edlman

81

sBaa * cMnYn 20 */
for(count = 1; count<= 4; ++count)
printf(\n*
* ); /* KUsRCugsgxagrbs;

RbGb; EdlcenaHsBaa * TaMgBImancMnYn 18 SPACE */

printf(\n******************** ); /* KUs)atrbs;RbGb; Edlman
sBaa * cMnYn 20 */
getch(); /* rgcaMcuc Key NamYysin */
}

eRkayeBldMeNIrkarkmvFi rI cY lTplelIeGRkg;ngw bgajrUbRbGb;dcU xageRkam

Ex3:

cUrsresrkmviFI print mkelI screen output dUcrUb

# include <stdio.h >
# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{ char ch;
for ( ch = A; ch <= Z; ch ++ ) printf (%c,ch);
printf ( \n);
for (ch = a; ch <= z; ch ++) printf (%c, ch);
Printf (\n);
for (ch = Z; ch >= A; ch --) printf (%c, ch);
printf (\n);
for (ch = z; ch >= a; ch --) printf (%c, ch);
printf (\n);
getch ( ); return (0) ;
}

82

A B C DX Y
Z
a b c dx y
z

Ex4:

Convert Character :

sresrkmviFI

Read

BI Keyboard nUv sVIt character

CaGkSrtUc .
cUr Convert eTACa GkSrBum</ ehIy print mkelI screen output :
# include <stdio.h >
# include <conio.h >
# include <ctype.h >
# define EOL \n
main ( )
{
char ch [80];
int sum , count ;
for (count = 0 ; (ch [count ] = getchar ( ) ) != EOL ; ++count )
sum += count;
for ( count = 0 ; count <= sum ; ++count)
putchar (toupper (ch [count] ));
geth ( );
return 0;
}
Note

library

<

ctype.h>

pknUv

statement

mannaTIsMrab;

toupper();

Convert

BIGkSrtUceTAGkSrFM (a A) .
Ex5:

sresrkmviFI Read BI Keyboard nUv n cMnYn KNnaplbUk nig mFmPaKncMnYnxagelI

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{int n , count;
float x , average, sum = 0 ; clrscr ();
printf ( Enter n = ); scanf ( %d, &n ) ;
for ( count = 1 ; count <= n ; ++ count )
{
printf ( x [%d] =, count ); scanf (%f, &x );
sum + =x;
}
average = sum /n ;
printf ( \n Average = %f, average);
getch ( );
return 0; }

83

II.

rgVil

do while looping :

enHKWCaRbePTmYyepSgeTotrbs;rgVli CMu
EdleBlenHGkRbEhlCakMBugKit
fa
{etIehtuGVIcaM)ac;RtUvmanrgVilmYyenHeTot ebIeyIg)anmanrgVil For Loop rYceTA ehIyenaH ?}.
tamkarBitvamanPaBxusEbkKabnci rvagrgVli
do-while
CamYynwg
rgVilTaMgBIrEdl)ansikSarYcmkenH
EdlPaBxusEbkKaenaHnwgRtUv)anbkRsay
enAEpkxageRkam
while
RtUveFVkI arBinti lkxN
eyIg)andwgehIyfa eBlcab;epmI dMbUgrgVli
muneBlskmPaBkargarRtUvekIteLIg RbsinebIlkxNBitenaHeTIbkargarRtUv)an Gnuvt
EtpyeTAvijkargarnwgBMuRtUv)anGnuvteLIy. cUrBinitemIlkMNat;kUdkmviFI xageRkamenH
int number = 4;
while(number < 4)
{
printf(\nNumber = %d, number);
++number;
}

kMNat;kmviFIenHeyIgeXIjfaKanGVRI tUv)anbgajelIeGRkg;eT BIeRBaHkenSam lkxN

number < 4 )anminBittaMgEtBIeBlcab;epm
I dMbUg dUecHbNM Statement
EdlfitkgtYxn while enAeBlenHBMuRtUv)anGnuvtmgNaeLIy.
krNIdUcxagelIenH RbsinebIeyIgeRbIrgVil do-while vij enaHy:agtic
bMptu kkargarRtUv)anGnuvtcnM nY mYydgEdr. cUrBinitemIlkarEkERbrbs;kN
M at;kmvFi I xagelI
int number = 4;
do
{
printf(\nNumber = %d, number);
++number;
}while(number < 4);

84

eBlenHeyIgeXIjfaelIeGRkg;)anbgajbnat; Number = 4 EdlenH

)anbBaak;eGayeXIjfa rgVli do-while Binti kenSamlkxN number<4 eRkay
eBlEdlskmPaBkargarRtUv)anekIteLIgrYc. TMrg;TUeTArbs;rgVil do-while KW
do
{

bNakargarEdlRtUvGnuvt (Statement)
}while(kenSamlkxN ?)
CadMbUg muneBlBinitkenSamlkxN rgVil do-while )anGnuvtkargar (Statement b Block
Statement)
sin
rYcehIyeTIbBinitemIlkenSamlkxNCa
eRkay
RbsinebIkenSamlkxNmantMlBit (FMCagsUn ) enaH kargarEdlRtUv Gnuvt
nwgRtUv)aneFVIeLIgvijmgeTot EtebIminBiteTenaHkuMBTrnwgcakecjBIrgVil Etmg.
cMNaM karcakecjBIrgVil do-while
mantMlminBit (tUcCagbesIsUn ) Etb:ueNaH.
KMnUstagxageRkamenH
dMeNIrkarrbs;rgVil do-while :

KWenAeBlNaEdlkenSamlkxN

nwgbgajeGayGkeXIjkan;Etc,as;EfmeTotGMBI

85

edIm,ICa]TahrN_sMrab;rgVil do-while eyIgsUmENnaMkmviFIxageRkamenH

sresrkmviFI
KNnaplbUkncMnYnenaH
Ex1:

Read

BI

Keyboard

nUvcMnYnKt;rhUtdl;CYbelx 0 eTIbQb; .

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{ clrscr ( ) ;
int a, s = 0 ;
do
{ printf (\n Enter a = ); scanf (%d, &a );
s = s + a;
} while (a != 0);
printf ( the sum = %d , s);
getch ( ); return 0;
}

Gnuvtn Statement do { } rhUtdl; ( while ) Expression Boolean ( a == 0 ) mantMl

True (1) KW (a = 0 ) .

Note:

sresrkmvIFI Read BI Keyboard nUvbNa character, rhUtdl;CYb character * eTIbQb;

. sresrbNa characters enaHmkelI screen output :

Ex2:

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{char c ;
clrscr ( );
do
{
c = getchar ( ); printf ( %c\n,c);
}
while ( c != * ) ; /*do while (( c =getchar ( ) )! =*); */
getch ( );
return (0);
}

86

ebI)aneron Pascal enaH Statement do while ( ) smmUlnwg Statement repeat

until .
Note :

III.rgVil While

kmanmuxgardUc for Edr KWvaRtUv)aneKeRbIsMrab;bgVli bNM Statement

NamYyenAkgkmviFI eGayeFVIkareLIgvijtamTMrg;dEdl edayGaRsyeTAtam tMl TRUE
rbs;kenSamlkxNkgsBaargVg;Rkckrbs; while EdlmanTMrg;dUc xageRkam
while (kenSamlkxNBit ?)
GnuvtbNa statements; /* tYxn while */
while

BakKnwH while rYmmankenSamlkxNmYy nigtYxn while. tYxn

Statement eTal bGacCabNM Statements (Block statement).

dMeNIrkarrbs;

while

while (GkXaneT?)

pwkTwk

jaMu)ay

87

while

GacCa

eyIgeXIjfa CadMbUg while eFVIkarkMNt;tMlrbs;kenSamlkxNCamun sin

RbsinebIkenSamlkxNBit enaH while nwgGnuBaateGayGnuvtbNa Statement enAkgtYxnva
(EdlkrNIxagelIenHGnuvtkargar
{jaMu)ay})
EtebI
minBiteT
enaHvanwgeGaykuMBTrcakecjBItYxnrbs;vaeTAGnuvtkargarEdlenA eRkaybnab;BItYxn rbs;va
(EdlkrNIxagelIenH
KWbneTAGnuvtkargar {pwkTwk}). RbsinebIeBlcab;epmI dMbUg
kenSamlkxNmantMlminBiteTenaH
while
nwgeGay
kMuBTrrMlgeTAGnuvtkargarxageRkaybnab;tYxnrbs;vaEtmg
(EdlkrNIxagelI
enH
KWRtUvrMlgeTApwkTwkEtmgRbsinebIGk)aneqIyfa {minXaneT} sMrab;sMNYr dMbUgenaH).
dUecHBakKnwH while eFVIkartambNaCMhandUcerobrab;xageRkam
1. kMnt;tMlrbs;kenSamlkxN (EdlsresrkgsBaargVg;Rkck)
2. GaRsyeTAelItMlBit
bminBitrbs;kenSamlkxN
kMuBTrnwgeRCIs
erIsykpvedIrmYykgcMeNampvedIr 2 xageRkam
a.
RbsinebIkenSamlkxNmantMltUcCagbesIsUn
(minBit)
enaHm:asIunnwgcakecjBItYxn rbs; while ehIyeTAGnuvtbnCamYy statement
EdlsitenAxageRkaybnab;tYxnrbs; while enaH.
b. RbsinebIkenSamlkxNmantMlFMCagsUn (Bit) enaHm:asIun nwgGnuvtbNa
Statements EdlfitenAkgtYxnrbs;
while rhUtdl;
eBlCYbsBaa {}}
eRkaybgsr; bs;tYxn while eTIbm:asIunRtlb;eTACMhan a vij (krNIEdlkgtYxn while
manEtmYy Statement nigKansBaa {{} nig {}} enaHkMuBTrnwgGnuvt Statement
enaHcb;ehIyRtlb;eTACMhan a Etmg).

snidan

tYxnrbs; while GacRtUv)anGnuvtEtmYydg beRcIndg bkBMuRtUv)anGnuvt

Tal;EtesaHRbsinebItMlrbs;kenSamlkxNmni BittaMgBIeBlcab;epmI dMbUgPam.

88

kMnt;sMKal;

CamYy while kdUcCa for Edr KWkgsBaargVg;RkckeRkay while min

RtwmEtGacsresr)anEtmYykenSamb:ueNaHeT EfmTaMgGacsresr)aneRcInkenSam eTotpg
(esrInkenSam) EdlkenSamnImYyRtUv)anEckdac;BIKaedaysBaa {,} ehIyeBlenaHtMlBit
bminBitrbs;kenSamlkxN
while
RtUv)ankMNt;eTAelI
tMlrbs;kenSamxageRkayeKbgs;nesrIkenSamkgsBaa rgVg;RkckxageRkay BakKnwH
while enaH.
2. kgtYxnrbs; while GnuBaateGayeyIgGaceRbIrgVilCMu for b while epSgeTot)an.
3. eBlCYb break kgxnrbs; while enaHm:asIunnwgcakecjBI while Edl
manpkBakKnwH break enaHPam.
4. kgxnrbs; while GaceGayeyIgeRbI goto edIm,IelatecjBIrgVil while (xnrbs;
while) eTAkan; Label NamYyEdlsitenAxageRkA while )an. ehIyeyIgkGaceRbIBakKnwH
return kgxnrbs; while edIm,IcakecjBIGnuKmn_ NamYyk)anEdr.
5. kgxnrbs;
while
GaceRbI continue edIm,IRtlb;eTAGnuvtkargarCMufI.
mannyfaeBlCYb continue enHm:asIunnwgrMlgbNa Statements EdlenAsl;kg xnrbs;
while ehIyRtlb;eTABinitkenSamlkxNeLIgvijPam edIm,IGnuvtCMufI.
kmviFI Prog4_15.C xageRkam Ca]TahrN_bgajGMBIkareRbIrgVil while
edIm,IIKNnaplbUk count cMnYnKt;viCmandMbUg 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + count.
1.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{

plbUkcMnYnKt;viCman */
int i = 1;
/* elxlMdab;cMnYnKt; */
int count = 0;
/* Gefrrab;cMnYnKt;sMrab;bUk */
clrscr();
/* lubeGRkg; */
/* bBalcMnYnelxEdlRtUvbUk */
long sum = 0L; /*

89

printf("Enter the number of integers you want to sum : ");

scanf("%d", &count);

bUkcMnYnKt;viCmancab;BI 1 rhUtdl; count */

/*
while(i<=count)
{
sum = sum + i;
++i;
}

bgajplbUkrbs;

cMnYnKt;FmCatidMbUgelIeGRkg;

/*
count
*/
printf("\nTotal of the first %d numbers is %ld\n", count, sum);
getch(); /*

rg;caMkarbBaltMl 1 Character BI Keyboard */

lTplrbs;kmviFI Prog4_15.C elIeGRkg;KW

Enter the number of integers you want to sum : 7
Total of the first 7 numbers is 28

dMeNIrkarrbs;kmviFI
enATIenHeyIgnwgelIkykEtkMNat;kUdxageRkammksikSa

while(i <= count)

{
sum = sum + i;
++i;
}

eyIgeXIjfa enAkg while rYmmanBIr Statement KW sum = sum + i; nig ++i;.

+
muneBlcab;epImrgVil while eyIgman
sum = 0 CatMlcab;epImrbs;plbUk (sMrab;eBlminTan;)anbUk )
i = 1 CatMldMbUgrbs;GefrcglbgajGMBIlMdab;cMnYnKt;
count = 0 tMlcab;epImrbs;cMnYnKt;EdlRtUvbUk
]bmafabBaltMleGay count = 7
+
cUlGnuvtBakKnwHrgVil while :
90

edaysar i = 1 nig count = 7 naMeGaykenSamlkxN

dUecHRtUvcUleTAGnuvtbNa Statement enAkgtY while.
rgVilCMuTI 1 :
sum = sum + i; eyIg)an sum = 0 + 1 = 1
++i;

i <= count

Bit

i=1+1=2

Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 2 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 2

rgVilCMuTI 2 :
sum = sum + i; eyIg)an sum = 1 + 2 = 3 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum =
1 nig i = 2)
++i;
i = 2 + 1 = 3 (eRBaHmunenH i = 2)
Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 3 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 3
rgVilCMuTI 3 :
sum = sum + i; eyIg)an sum = 3 + 3 = 6 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum =
3 nig i = 3)
++i;
i = 3 + 1 = 4 (eRBaHmunenH i = 3)
Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 4 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 4
rgVilCMuTI 4 :
sum = sum + i; eyIg)an sum = 6 + 4 = 10 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum
= 6 nig i = 4)
++i;
i = 4 + 1 = 5 (eRBaHmunenH i = 4)
Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 5 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 5
rgVilCMuTI 5 :

eyIg)an sum = 10 + 5 = 15 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum

= 10 nig i = 5)
i = 5 + 1 = 6 (eRBaHmunenH i = 5)

sum = sum + i;

++i;

91

Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 6 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 6

+

rgVilCMuTI 6 :

eyIg)an sum = 15 + 6 = 21 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum

= 15 nig i = 6)
++i;
i = 6 + 1 = 7 (eRBaHmunenH i = 6)
Rtlb;eLIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 7 <= 7 Bit cUlCMuTI 7
+
rgVilCMuTI 7 :
sum = sum + i; eyIg)an sum = 21 + 7 = 28 (eRBaHmunenHeyIg TTYl)an sum
= 21 nig i = 7)
++i;
i = 7 + 1 = 8 (eRBaHmunenH i = 7)
Rtlbe; LIgeTABinti kenSamlkxNeyIg)an 8 <= 7 minBit cak ecjBIrgVilCMu
while.
dUecHeRkayeBlGnuvtcb;rgVilCMu while eyIgTTYl)an sum = 28 rYcehIy
bgajtMlenaHelIeGRkg;tamryGnuKmn_ printf.
sum = sum + i;

Ex2:

sresrkmviFIKNnarUbmnplbUk s= 5 + 10 +15 + 20 + 25 + + 100;

# include <stdio.h >
# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{ long sum ;
int i ;
clrscr ( );
i = 5 ; sum = 0 ;
while ( i <=100 )
{ sum + = i ;
i = i +5 ;
}
printf ( the sum = %ld, sum );
getch ( );
return 0;

92

}
Ex3:
Ex4 :

KNna e eRbIrUbmn ExP(x ) ;

BinitemIl character :
x

while (c =getchar ( ) )
{ if ( c == \n ) break ;
if ( (( c > = 0 ) && (c <= 9)) || (( c >= z) || (c > 0 )) && (( c <= 9 ) ||
( c == Z )));
printf ( this is a Alphabet ! ); }

IV. Statement break , continue

nig goto:

IV.1. break statement :

GnuBaateGayeRbI break,kg control structure bkg control looping . kgkrNIenH

eBlCYb break statement enaH computer nigbBab; control looping b control structure ,
ehIyeTAGnuvtnbNa Statement EdlenABIeRkayva .
Turbo C

Ex1:

# include <stdio.h >

# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{ int i ; clrscr ( );
for ( i = 1; i <= 10 ; i ++ )
{ printf ( loop %d \n, i );
printf ( Hello \n );
if ( i ==3 ) break;
}
printf ( finish looping here ! );
getch ( ); return (0);
}
+ Statement continue :

Screen Output
Looping 1
Hello
Looping 2
Hello
Looping 3
Hello
Finish looping

pyBI break, statement continue GnuBaateGayeTAGnuvtn Looping bnab;mkeTot/

edaymincaM)ac;Gnuvtn Statement EdlenAsl; .
Screen Output
Ex2:

# include < stdio.h >

# include < conio.h >
main ( )
{ int i ; clrscr ();
for (i = 1; i <= 5; i ++)
{ printf ( Looping %d \n, i );

93

Looping 1
Looping 2
Looping 3
Looping 4
Hello
Looping 5
Hello

if ( i < 4 ) continue ;
printf ( Hello !\n );
}
getch ( );
}

)annyfaeBlNa i < 4 enaH continue nig RtLb;eTAeFVIkarCamYy Loop bneTot .

edaymincaM)ac;Gnuvtn Statement epSgeTotrbs; for .
Note :

Ex3:

# include <stdio.h >

# include <conio.h >
main ( )
{ int n; clrscr ( );
do
{ printf ( Enter a number > 0 : );
scanf ( %d, n);
if ( n< 0 )
{ printf (Enter a number > 0: );
continue
}
printf (\n Squear of %d is %d , n, n*n );
} while (n);
getch();
return(0 ); }

IV.2.
goto

Statement goto :

nig epaHrMlgbNa statement eTAkan; Label EdleyIgkMNt;eGayva .

KWCaeQaHmYysMrab;kMNt;TtI aMgn Statement kgkUdnkmviFI. FatuBitvaCa

eQaHEdltMNageGay Address rbs; Statement NamYykgkmviFI bniyayeGaygayyl;
Label KWCaeQaHpaksBaaEdlRtUv)aneKdak;sMKal; eGayTItaMgNamYykgkmviFI.

Label

cMNaM
Ex:

xageRkayeQaH Label RtUveRbIsBaacucBIr ( : ).

# include < stdio.h >
# include < conio.h >
main ( )
{ int i ; clrscr () ;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= 10 ; i ++)

94

{ printf (Looping %d\n, i );

printf ( Hello \n );
if ( i ==3 ) goto out ;
printf ( Finish looping %d \n, i );
}
out : printf ( Finish looping here );
getch ( ); return (0) ;
}

BakKnwH goto manTMrg;dUcxageRkam

goto

label;

eBlCYbBakKnwH goto m:asIunnwgelateTAGnuvtkargarcab;BIkEngEdl)an bBaak;eday

label sresrCab;xageRkay goto enaH nwgbneTAeRkaytamlMdab;. eBleRbIBakKnwH goto
GkRtUvkMNt;cMNaMnUvbNacMNucmYycMnYn
nig label RtUvEtsitenAkgGnuKmn_EtmYyCamYyKa mannyfa
GnuBaateGayelatBIkEngmYyeTAkEngmYyepSgeTotEdl
sitenAkgtYxnrbs;GnuKmn_EtmYy KWvaminGaceRbIedIm,IelatBIGnuKmn_mYy
eTAkgGnuKmn_mYyepSgeTot)aneT. ]TahrN_xageRkamenHxus
+

goto

void F1( )
{
....
goto LBX;
....
}
void F2( )
{
....
LBX :
....
}

95

goto

minGnuBaateGayeRbI goto enAkgGnuKmn_ F1 edIm,IeGaykMuBTr elateTAkan; label

LBX EdlsitenAkgGnuKmn_ F2 eLIy.
minGnuBaateGayeRbIBakKnwH goto edIm,IelatBIxageRkA cUleTAxagkg
Compound Statement NamYy)aneT KWGaceRbI)anEtBI xagkg Compound
Statement eGayelateTAkan; label NamYyEdlsit enAEpkxageRkAvab:ueNaH.
]TahrN_xageRkamenHxus
+

goto LBY;

Statement1
LBY :
printf(\n Result);
Statement3

]TahrN_xagelIenHxus BIeRBaHeyIg)aneRbI goto BIxageRkA Compound Statement

mYy eGayelateTAkan; label EdlfitenAxagkgn Compound Statement.

96

eKGaceRbIBakKnwH

if nig goto tamTMrg;dUcxageRkam

TMrg; 1

b TMrg; 2
if(kenSam) goto label;

tt : statement1;
statement2;

statement n;
if(kenSam) goto tt;

LB:
statement1;
statement2;

.....

TMrg;TI 1 kMuBTrnwgelateLIgeTAeFVIkarcab;BI tt : eTAvijRbsinebIkenSam lkxNrbs; if

Bit.
cMEnkTMrg;
2
vijRbsinebIkenSamlkxNrbs;
if
BitenaHvanwgelateTAeRkamGnuvtkargarcab;BI LB: eTAvij.
/*------ kmviFI Prog4_6.C -------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main( )
{ int n;
REP :
clrscr();
printf("Input n between 0 and 100 : ");
scanf("%d", &n); /* bBalTinnyeGayGefr n */
if(n<0||n>100) /* RbsinebI n tUcCag 0 b n FMCag 100 enaHRtUvRtlb; */
goto REP; /* eTA REP edIm,IeFVIkarbBaltMl n eLIgvij */

97

printf("\nYou inputed n = %d");

if(n==10) /* RbsinebI n=10 enaHRtUvRtlb;eTATItaMg END xageRkam */
goto END;
printf("\nPress any key to exit");
getch();
END:
}

eBldMeNIrkarkmviFI Prog4_6.C xagelIenH vanwgeGayeyIgbBal tMl n

nigeRkayeBlbBalrYcvanwgBinitemIlfa RbsinebI n < 0 bk n > 100
enaHRtUvRtlb;eLIgeTARtg; label REP edIm,IeFVIkarbBalTinnyeGay n eLIgvij
EtebIpyeTAvijvanwgbgajtMl n Edl)anbBal. RbsinebItMl n )an bBalenaHmantMlesI
10
enaHkMuBTr RtUv)ancakecjBIkmviFIPamEtmg pyeTAvij muneBlkMuBTrcakecj
vanwgbgajXa Press any key to exit sin bnab;mkrg caMkarcuceTAelI Key
NamYyeTIbcakecjBIkmviFIenH.

=====*=====

98

lMhat;Gnuvtn_
1)

cUrBinitkmviFIdtUcmYyxageRkam
# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
main ( )
{ int i , n, sum;
sum = 0;
for ( i = 0; i <4; i ++)
{ printf ( Enter n =); scanf (%d, &n );
sum + =n;
}
printf (sum = %d \n, sum );
getch ( );
return ( 0);
}

cUrsresrkmviFIGnuvtnkargar kgkmviFIkargarxagelI edayCMnYs Statement for eday

Statement do while b while..vij .
2) cUrsesrkmviFIKNnamFmPaKnbNaBnEdl Read from Keyboard :
Bin ! 12
Bin @ 15.25
Bin # 13.5
Bin $ 8.75
Bin % -1
* edaybBab;karbBalelxBI Keyboard enAeBleyIgbBaltMlGviCman .
3) sresrkmviFIKNna N! = 1 ebI N = 0
N! = 1.2. .N ebI N>0 (N : Read from keyboard )
+

99

4)

cUrsresrkmviFIKNna nig sresrmkelI screen nUvemelxdUcxageRkam

1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

5)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

2
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

3
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30

4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40

5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50

6
6
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60

7
14
21
28
35
42
49
56
63
70

8
16
24
32
40
48
56
64
72
80

9
18
27
36
45
54
63
72
81
90

eRbI for.Statement edIm,IsresrelxBI 0 dl; (( mkelI screen tamviFIxageRkam

0
1 2 3
4
5 6
7 8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
.
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

6)

sresrkmviFI sMEdgmkelI screen dUcrUbxageRkam

A)

B)

X
X
X
X
X

$
$
$
$
$

X
XX
X X X
X X X X

C)

$ $ $ $
$ $ $
$ $
$

sresrkmviFIKNna exp (x) edayeRbI Statement while .

x
x
x
+
...
8) KNnaGnuKmn cos (x) edayeRbIrUbmnsVit Taylor : cos = 1
2! 4! 6!
7)

100

10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100

9)

sresrkmviFI sMEdgmkelI screen dUcrUbxageRkam

7
8 9
9 0 1
0 1 2 3

10)

6
8
0
2
4

5
7
9
1
3
5

1
2 3 2
3 4 5 4 3
4 5 6 7 6 5 4
6 7 8 9 8 7 6 5
8 9 0 1 0 9 8 7 6
0 1 2 3 2 1 0 9 8
2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 0
4 5 6 7 6 5 4 3 2
6 7 8 9 8 7 6 5 4

7
9 8
1 0 9
3 2 1 0

kmviFIxageRkamRtUv bxus/eRBaHGVI ?
for ( i = 1; i <= n; i ++)
for ( i = 1; i <= 10, i ++) printf (%d, i )

11)

sresr screen output nkmviFIxageRkam

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
main ( )
{
int i ,j;
for ( i = 1; i <= 5; i ++)
{
for ( j =0; j <= 5; j++) printf( %*d%*d, i, j ) ;
printf (\n);
}
getch ( ); return (0);
}

12)

etIkenSam

5>1

manlTply:agNa ?

KancMelIyNaRtwmRtUv
13) etIkenSam 2 +4 > 2 && 4< 2 manlTply:agNa?
a. 1
b. Zero
c. 1
d. KancMelIyNaRtwmRtUv
a. 1

b. Zero

c. 1

d.

101

14)

etIkenSam x >y || y> x manlTply:agNa?

KancMelIyNaRtwmRtUv
15) etIRtUvsresrlkxNy:agNaedIm,IeGay ch minEmnCa a b b
a. 1

a.
b.
c.
d.

b. Zero

c. 1

d.

ch! = a && ch!- =b

ch! = a || ch!- =b
ch! = a || b
ch! = a && b

16) Select

kenSamNaEdlsMEdg num CacMnYnsitenAcenaH ! nig (/ ehIyminEmnCaelx $ .

a. num > 1 && num <9 && num! = 4

b. num > 1 || num <9 && num! = 4
c. num > = 1 && num <= 9 && num! = 4
17)

sresr screen output nkmviFIxageRkam

# include <stdio.h >
# include <conio.h>
main ( )
{for ( num = 18; num > 0; num/ =2 )
printf( %3d, num);
getch ( ); return (0);
}
a. 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
b. 18 9 4 2 1
c. 18 9 4 2 1 0

KancMelIyNaRtwmRtUveLIy
18) etIlTplnkMNat;kmviFIxageRkamdUcemc ?
d.

main ( )
{ int i =0;
while ( ++ i <4 )
printf ( Hello ! );
}
a. Hello! Hello! Hello!
b. Hello! Hello! Hello! Hello!
c. Hello! Hello! Hello! Hello! Hello!
d.

KancMelIyNaRtwmRtUveT .

102

19)

etIlTplnkmviFixageRkamy:agdUcemc ?
# include <stdio.h>
main ( )
{
int i , ch,
for ( i =0, ch = A; i < 4; i ++, ch + = 2*1 )
putchar (ch );
}
a. ABCDE
b. ABC
c. ACEG

KncMelIyNaEdlRtwmRtUveT .
20) etIlTplnkmviFIxageRkamy:agdUcemcebIeyIgvaybBalelx !@#
d.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
main ( )
{ int num, right;
char numa [10];
printf ( Enter a int number :); gets (numa );
num = atoi (numa);
do
{ right = num%10 ;
printf (%d, right );
num = num/ 10;
} while (num! = 0);
printf (\n);
}
a. 123
b. 321
c. 3

KncMelIyNaEdlRtwmRtUveT .
sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvbNacMnYnKt; rhUtCYbelx 0eTIbQb;/
21)
ehIyKNnaplbUknbNaelxEdlviCman nig mFmPaKnbNaelxEdlGviCman .
22) eGayGnuKmn f(x) = x + x
. sresrkmviFIKNna nig sresrmkelI screen
nUvbNatMl x, f(x) Edl x yktMl 10; -9,9; - 9,8; ; 4,9,5 !.
d.

103

sresrkmviFIKNnaGaMgetRkalkMNt;nGnuKmn f (x) = x sinx enAelIGgt; [a,b] (0 a b

) edayeRbIrebob viFanctuekaNBay . bNatMl a, b nigcMnYnnkarEckGgt; [a,b] RtUv Read
from keyboard .
24) sresrkmviFI begIt n cMnYn Random enAkgcenaH [a,b] Edl a,b Read from keyboard .
eRbIrUbmn
23)

(a + random() * (b-a) )
25)

sresrkmviFiKNnatMlnkenSamxageRkam :
8

a. s =

108

105

100

n = 97
15

n+n+ n
n =1

b. n = e 9 +

e + e
i

i =0

s=
26)

i =10

1995

225

k =2

k = 215

1gk + 1gk

sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvcMnYn x, n, ehIy

KNnakenSam s = x + x + x + x + ... + x
26) sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvtMl x,n, ehIyKNna
x x2
xn
+ ... +
s = 1+ +
2 3
n +1

27)

sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvtMl x, n, ehIyKNna

x2 x3
xn
+
+ ... +
s = 1+ x +
2! 3!
n!

28)

sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvtMl x, n, ehIyKNna

(1) n x n
x2 x3

+ ... +
s = 1 x +
2! 3!
n!

104

(n

rWskaer:

sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvbNa character rhUtdl;CYbsBaa * eTIbQb; .

cUlrab;emIlkgbNa character Edl)an Read xagelIenaHmanGkSr a b:unan ? GkSr e bu :nan
KwtTaMgGkSrFM GkSrtUc ehIysresrlTpl mkelI screen
30) sresrkmviFI Read from keyboard nUvbNacMnYnKt;rhUtdl;plbUkrbs;vaFMCag @000
eTIbQb ; . ehIyKNnamFm PaKnbNaelxxagelI nigsresrlTplmkelI screen .
29)

=====*=====

105