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11-1.
An ammonia compressor has a 5 percent clearance volume and a displacement rate of 80 L/s and pumps
against a condensing temperature of 40 C. For the two different evaporating temperatures of -10 and 10 C,
compute the refrigerant flow rate assuming that the clearance volumetric efficiency applies.
Solution:
Equation 11-7.
vc
w = displacement rate
(a)
100
suc
vc = 100 m suc 1
dis
417.477
vc = 100 5
1 = 86.445
112.5
vc
w = displacement rate
w = (80 L/s )
100
suc
(86.445100)
417.477
w = 0.166 kg/s at -10 C - - - Ans.
(b)
At 10 C, Table A-3
s1 = 5.4924 kJ/kg.K
suc = 205.22 L/kg
At 40 C, constant entropy, Fig. A-1
dis = 95 L/kg
m=5%
Equation 11-4 and Equation 11-5.
vc = 100 m suc 1
dis
205.22
vc = 100 5
1 = 94.199
95
Page 1 of 6
CHAPTER 11 - COMPRESSORS
vc
w = displacement rate
w = (80 L/s )
100
suc
(94.199100)
205.22
w = 0.367 kg/s at 10 C - - - Ans.
11-2.
A refrigerant 22 compressor with a displacement rate of 60 L/s operates in a refrigeration system that
maintains a constant condensing temperature of 30 C. Compute and plot the power requirement of this
compressor at evaporating temperatures of -20, -10, 0, 10 and 20 C. Use the actual volumetric efficiencies
from Fig. 11-12 and the following isentropic works of compression for the five evaporating temperatures,
respectively, 39.9, 30.2, 21.5, 13.7, and 6.5 kJ/kg.
Solution:
(a)
100
suc
(67.5100)
92.8432
w = 0.4362 kg/s at -20 C
P = whi
hi = 39.9 kJ/kg
P = (0.4362)(39.9)
P = 17.4 kw at -20 C
(b)
100
suc
Page 2 of 6
CHAPTER 11 - COMPRESSORS
w = (60 L/s )
(77.5100)
65.3399
w = 0.7117 kg/s at -10 C
P = whi
hi =30.2 kJ/kg
P = (0.7117)(30.2)
P = 21.5 kw at -10 C
(c)
(83100)
100
suc
47.1354
w = 1.0565 kg/s at 0 C
P = whi
hi = 21.5 kJ/kg
P = (1.0565)(21.5)
P = 22.7 kw at 0 C
(d)
(86.7100)
100
suc
34.7136
w = 1.4986 kg/s at 10 C
P = whi
Page 3 of 6
CHAPTER 11 - COMPRESSORS
hi = 13.7 kJ/kg
P = (1.4986)(13.7)
P = 20.5 kw at 10 C
(e)
100
suc
(89.2100)
26.0032
w = 2.0583 kg/s at 20 C
P = whi
hi = 6.5 kJ/kg
P = (2.0583)(6.5)
P = 13.4 at 20 C
11-3.
The catalog for a refrigerant 22, four-cylinder, hermetic compressor operating at 29 r/s. a condensing
temperature of 40 C and an evaporating temperature of -4 C shows a refrigeration capacity of 115 kw. At this
operating points the motor (whose efficiency is 90 percent) draws 34.5 kW. The bore of the cylinders is 87
mm and the piston stroke is 70 mm. The performance data are based on 8C of subcooling of the liquid
leaving the condenser. Compute (a) the actual volumetric efficiency and (b) the compression efficiency.
CHAPTER 11 - COMPRESSORS
(a)
For actual volumetric efficiency
2
3
Displacement rate = (4 cyl)(29 r/s)(0.087 / 4 m /cyl.r)(0.070 m)
3
= 0.04827 m /kg = 48.27 L/kg
Actual rate of refrigerant flow
= 115 kw / (403.876 - 239.23 kJ/kg) = 0.6985 kg/s
Actual volumetric flow rate at the compressor suction
= (0.6985 kg/s)(53.5682 L/kg)
= 37.42 L/s
volume flow rate entering compressor, m 3 /s
100
displacement rate of compression, m 3 /s
va = (37.42 L/s)(100) /(48.27 L/s) = 77.5 % - - - Ans.
va =
(b)
c = 70.9 % - - - Ans.
11-4.
An automobile air conditioner using refrigerant 12 experiences a complete blockage of the airflow over the
condenser, so that the condenser pressure rises until the volumetric efficiency drops to zero. Extrapolate the
actual volumetric-efficiency curve of Fig. 11-12 to zero and estimate the maximum discharge pressure,
assuming an evaporating temperature of 0 C.
Solution:
Figure 11-12.
At actual volumetric efficiency = -
Pressure ratio = 5 +
(0 67) (7 5) = 17.18
(56 67)
Compute the maximum displacement rate of a two-vane compressor having a cylinder diameter of 190 mm
and a rotor 80 mm long with a diameter of 170 mm. The compressor operates at 29 r/s.
Page 5 of 6
CHAPTER 11 - COMPRESSORS
= 3.3525 radians
2
Solution:
At 4 C evaporating temperature, Table A-4.
h1 = 390.93 kJ/kg
s1 = 1.68888 kJ/kg.K
At 35 C condensing temperature, Fig. A-2, constant entropy,
h2 = 410 kJ/kg
w = 60 r/s
Equation 11-16,
2
V2t = 1000hi
2