2.

4 Hasil dan Pembahasan

2.4.1 Data Pengamatan
2.4.1.1 Concentric Tube Heat Exchanger
Tabel 2.3 Hasil Pengamatan Concentric pada Aliran Cocurrent dan Counter Current
Cocurrent
Hot Flow
(ft3/jam)

5,297

Cold Flow
(ft3/jam)

Counter current

Hot Water
Temperature (oF)

Cold Water
Temperature (oF)

Hot Water Temperature

(oF)

Cold Water Temperature

(oF)

TH1

TH2

TC1

TC2

TH1

TH2

TC1

TC2

7,2042

104

104,18

85,64

99,68

135,5

127,04

68,36

102,74

6,5685

121,28

113,54

73,94

98,06

144,68

129,92

86,72

102,74

5,9328

115,88

115,16

74,12

90,86

141,44

125,78

86,36

101,3

5,2972

130,28

116,78

82,94

109,04

152,6

145,22

84,2

92,12

4,4496

140,54

119,3

85,1

101,48

154,4

146,84

86,36

93,74

2.4.1.2 Jacket
Tabel 2.4 Hasil Pengamatan Jacket Batch Operation pada 0 dan 300 rpm
0 rpm
Time
(s)

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

Hot Water Temperature

(oF)

300 rpm

Cold Water Temperature

(oF)

Hot Water Temperature

(oF)

Cold Water
Temperature(oF)

TH1

TH2

TC5

TH1

TH2

TC5

154,22

154,58

91,94

142,52

149

126,68

163,76

176,72

100,76

154,4

138,56

132,62

144,32

156,74

103,784

157,1

150,98

136,94

145,04

139,82

109,94

169,16

173,48

107,78

145,76

152,78

113,9

163,94

157,64

85,64

136,04

160,52

119,84

141,08

140,18

86,54

2
3

5,297

Tabel 2.5 Hasil Pengamatan Jacket Continuous Operation pada 0 rpm dan 300 rpm
0 rpm
Time
(s)

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

Hot Water
Temperature (oF)

300 rpm
Cold Water
Temperature (oF)

Hot Water
Temperature (oF)

Cold Water
Temperature(oF)

TH1

TH2

TC1

TC4

TH1

TH2

TC1

TC4

172,22

171,5

68,36

75,92

159,08

206,24

77,36

100,4

208,76

180,32

69,08

86,18

157,82

143,96

87,8

87,62

176

164,3

77,36

80,06

177,62

165,74

96,26

100,22

181,58

182,12

86,36

102,02

156,74

140,72

87,62

100,22

199,04

174,38

89,96

89,78

161,06

139,28

91,4

86,9

199,58

193,82

86,72

98,24

192,74

139,82

90,14

88,52

2
3

5,297

2.4.2 Hasil Perhitungan

Tabel 2.6 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Hot Fluid pada Concentric Cocurrent
No,

Hot Flow
(ft3/jam)

TH1
(oF)

TH2
(oF)

THavg
(oF)

(lb/ft3)

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)

mh
(lb/jam)

qh
(Btu/jam)

5,297

104
121,28
115,88
130,28
140,54

104,18
113,54
115,16
116,78
119,3

104,09
117,41
115,52
123,53
129,92

61,9449
61,7518
61,7792
61,6596
61,5525

0,9986
0,9989
0,9989
0,9991
0,9995

328,1325
327,1096
327,2548
326,6214
326,0543

-58,9807
2529,1597
235,3632
4405,6356
6921,8484

1
2
3
4
5

Tabel 2.7 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Cold Fluid pada Concentric Cocurrent
No,

Cold Flow
(ft3/jam)

TC1
(oF)

TC2
(oF)

TC avg
(oF)

(lb/ft3)

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)

mc
(lb/jam)

qc
(Btu/jam)

1
2
3
4
5

7,2042
6,5685
5,9328
5,2972
4,4496

85,64
73,94
74,12
82,94
85,1

99,68
98,06
90,86
109,04
101,48

92,66
86
82,49
95,99
93,29

62,0811
62,1603
62,1944
62,0415
62,0736

0,9986
0,9986
0,9987
0,9993
0,9994

447,2415
408,2995
368,9889
328,6442
276,2041

6270,4177
9834,2978
6168,7396
8571,4410
4521,2908

Tabel 2.8 Hasil Perhitungan Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Overall pada Concentric Cocurrent
No,

LMTD
(oF)

Uo
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

Ui
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

Um
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

1
2
3
4
5

9,8571
28,5022
32,2460
21,8669
33,1460

-8,8518
131,2706
10,7977
298,0513
308,9312

1109,7444
601,9199
333,7299
683,8179
237,9613

-6,2162
92,1844
7,5827
209,3057
216,9461

Tabel 2.9 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Heat Exchanger pada Concentric Cocurrent
No,

(mxCp)hot
(Btu/jam oF)

(mxCp)cold
(Btu/jam oF)

(mxCp)min
(Btu/jam oF)

q actual
(Btu/jam)

Thavg - Tcavg
(oF)

Keefektifan ()

Rf
(jam ft2
o
F/Btu)

1
2
3
4
5

327,6707
326,7648
326,8934
326,3434
325,8874

446,6110
407,7238
368,5030
328,4077
276,0251

327,6707
326,7648
326,8934
328,4077
276,0251

-58,9807
2529,1597
235,3632
4405,6356
4521,2908

6,3500
17,4500
18,3500
15,3000
20,3500

-0,0283
0,4436
0,0392
0,8768
0,8049

0,0026
0,0027
0,0027
0,0026
0,0026

Tabel 2.10 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Hot Fluid pada Concentric Counter Current
No,
1
2
3
4
5

Hot Flow (ft3/jam)

TH1

(oF)

135,5
144,68
141,44
152,6
154,4

5,297

TH2
(oF)

THavg (oF)

(lb/ft3)

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)

mh
(lb/jam)

qh
(Btu/jam)

127,04
129,92
125,78
145,22
146,84

131,27
137,3
133,61
148,91
150,62

61,5299
61,4289
61,4907
60,7489
60,6271

0,9996
0,9999
0,9997
1,0006
1,0007

325,9345
325,3994
325,7269
321,7975
321,1522

2756,1920
4802,3181
5099,2706
2376,3241
2429,6772

Tabel 2.11 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Perpindahan Panas Cold Fluid pada Concentric Counter Current
No,

Cold Flow
(ft3/jam)

TC1
(oF)

TC2
(oF)

TC avg
(oF)

1
2
3
4
5

0,0034
0,0031
0,0028
0,0025
0,0022

68,36
86,72
86,36
84,2
86,36

102,74
102,74
101,3
92,12
93,74

85,55
94,73
93,83
88,16
90,05

(lb/ft3)
62,1647
62,1306
62,1603
62,0571
62,1121

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)
0,9986
0,9986
0,9986
0,9986
0,9986

mc
(lb/jam)
447,8438
408,1046
368,7866
328,7269
289,5363

qc
(Btu/jam)
15375,3451
6530,2254
5501,9037
2599,8464
2133,7653

Tabel 2.12 Hasil Perhitungan Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Overall pada Concentric Counter Current
No
,
1

LMTD
(oF)

Uo
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

Ui
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

Um
(Btu /jam ft2 oF)

44,4680

91,6921

292,5280

64,3905

42,5669

166,8973

68,2580

117,2031

39,7789

189,6380

50,6130

133,1728

60,7496

57,8672

78,3772

40,6371

60,5700

59,3419

62,7277

41,6727

Tabel 2.13 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Heat Exchanger pada Concentric Counter Current
No
,

(mxCp)hot
(Btu/jam oF)

(mxCp)cold
(Btu/jam oF)

(mxCp)min
(Btu/jam oF)

Q actual
(Btu/jam)

Thavg - Tcavg
(oF)

Keefektifan ()

325,7910

447,2177

325,7910

15375,3451

67,1400

0,7029

325,3603

407,6296

325,3603

4802,3181

57,9600

0,2547

325,6239

368,2666

325,6239

5099,2706

55,0800

0,2843

321,9951

328,2634

321,9951

2376,3241

68,4000

0,1079

321,3859

289,1281

289,1281

2133,7653

68,0400

0,1085

Rf
(jam ft2 oF/Btu)

0,0013

Tabel 2.14 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 0 rpm Hot Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

5,297

TH1
(oF)

TH2
(oF)

THavg
(oF)

154,22
163,76
144,32
145,04
145,76
136,04

154,58
176,72
156,74
139,82
152,78
160,52

154,4
170,24
150,53
142,43
149,27
148,28

(lb/ft3)
61,0840
60,7794
61,1645
60,6827
60,9084
61,2450

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)
1,0010
1,0024
1,0007
1,0002
1,0006
1,0005

mh
(lb/jam)

qh
(Btu/jam)

323,5626
321,9492
323,9892
321,4369
322,6325
324,4152

-116,5965
-4182,2846
-4026,8499
1678,2099
-2266,3251
-7945,3575

Tabel 2.15 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 0 rpm Cold Fluid
Time(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Volume (ft3)

TC5
(oF)

(lb/ft3)

0,0777

91,94
100,76
103,784
109,94
113,9
119,84

62,1401
62,1101
62,0999
62,0035
61,8990
61,7422

Cp
( Btu/lb
o
F)
0,9989
0,9987
0,9986
0,9987
0,9989
0,9990

mc
(lb/jam)

TC5n-TC5n-1
(oF)

qc
(Btu/jam)

4,8283
4,8260
4,8252
4,8177
4,8096
4,7974

8,82
3,02
6,16
3,96
5,94
8,82

2552,3445
874,4624
1779,7180
1143,2457
1712,1580

Tabel 2.16 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 300 rpm Hot Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

5,297

TH1
(oF)

TH2
(oF)

THavg
(oF)

142,52
154,4
157,1
169,16
163,94
141,08

149
138,56
150,98
173,48
157,64
140,18

145,76
146,48
154,04
171,32
160,79
140,63

(lb/ft3)
61,2638
61,2488
61,0915
60,7592
60,9510
61,3706

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)
1,0072
1,0069
1,0032
1,0025
0,9998
1,0097

mh
(lb/jam)

Qh
(Btu/jam)

324,5150
324,4356
323,6023
321,8419
322,8582
325,0805

-2118,0535
5174,3813
1986,7071
-1393,7695
2033,6967
295,4236

Tabel 2.17 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Batch Operation 300 rpm Cold Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Volume (ft3/jam)

TC5
(oF)

0,0777

126,68
132,62
136,94
107,78
85,64
86,54

(lb/ft3)
61,9783
61,9697
61,9279
61,8783

Cp
( Btu/lb oF)
0,9991
0,9991
0,9992
0,9992

61,9890
61,9804

0,9991
0,9991

mc
(lb/jam)

TC5n-TC5n-1
(oF)

qc
(Btu/jam)

4,8157
4,8150
4,8118
4,8079
4,8165
4,8159

5,94
4,32
-29,16
-22,14
0,90
5,94

116883,5377
84954,9329
-573014,0671
-435781,8905
17712,2632

Tabel 2.18 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm Hot Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

qh
(Btu/jam)

mh
(lb/jam)

5,297

232,2991
9123,4044
3776,4654
-173,7881
7926,5617
1846,7582

321,8316
319,1615
322,0194
320,6792
320,0997
318,8853

(lb/ft3)
60,7572
60,2531
60,7927
60,5397
60,4303
60,2010

Cp
(Btu/lb oF)
1,0025
1,0051
1,0023
1,0036
1,0042
1,0054

TH1
(oF)

TH2
(oF)

TH avg
(oF)

172,22
208,76
176
181,58
199,04
199,58

171,5
180,32
164,3
182,12
174,38
193,82

171,86
194,54
170,15
181,85
186,71
196,7

Tabel 2.19 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm Cold Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam

TC1
(oF)

TC4
(oF)

TCavg
(oF)

5,297

68,36
69,08
77,36
86,36
89,96
86,72

75,92
86,18
80,06
102,02
89,78
98,24

72,14
77,63
78,71
94,19
89,87
92,48

(lb/ft3)
62,2865
62,2416
62,2311
62,0629
62,1143
62,0832

Cp
(Btu/lb oF)
0,9992
0,9988
0,9988
0,9986
0,9986
0,9986

mc
(lb/jam)

qc
(Btu/jam)

329,9321
329,6943
329,6387
328,7476
329,0199
328,8554

2492,3305
5631,0758
888,9419
5140,9294
-59,1401
3783,0727

Tabel 2.20 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm Hot Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

qh
(Btu/jam)

mh
(lb/jam)

5,297

-14616,4743
4494,8696
3732,6754
5155,5740
6998,8621
16722,4072

309,0519
324,0636
313,5320
321,6274
321,1195
315,4368

(lb/ft3)
58,3446
61,1786
59,1904
60,7187
60,6228
59,5500

Cp
(Btu/lb oF)
1,0029
1,0007
1,0021
1,0006
1,0007
1,0018

TH1
(oF)

TH2
(oF)

TH avg
(oF)

159,08
157,82
177,62
156,74
161,06
192,74

206,24
143,96
165,74
140,72
139,28
139,82

182,66
150,89
171,68
148,73
150,17
166,28

Tabel 2.21 Hasil Perhitungan Kecepatan Transfer Panas pada Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm Cold Fluid
Time
(s)
0
1
2
3
4
5

Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

TC1
(oF)

TC4
(oF)

TCavg
(oF)

5,297

77,36
87,8
96,26
87,62
91,4
90,14

100,4
87,62
100,22
100,22
86,9
88,52

88,88
87,71
98,24
93,92
89,15
89,33

(lb/ft3)
62,1260
62,1400
62,0147
62,0661
62,1228
62,1207

Cp
(Btu/lb oF)

0,9986

mc
(lb/jam)

qc
(Btu/jam)

329,0823
329,1560
328,4924
328,7647
329,0652
329,0539

7571,3649
-59,1645
1298,9959
4136,5941
-1478,7057
-532,3157

Tabel 2.22 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Batch Operation 0 dan 300 rpm
Time
(s)

0 rpm
Flowrate
(ft3/jam)

0
1
2
3
4
5

5,297

Hot Water (oF)

300 rpm

Cold Water (oF)

TH1

TH2

TC5

154,22
163,76
144,32
145,04
145,76
136,04

154,58
176,72
156,74
139,82
152,78
160,52

91,94
100,76
103,784
109,94
113,9
119,84

Hot Water (oF)

0,8772
0,7739
0,6610
0,5920
0,3673

TH1

TH2

142,52
154,4
157,1
169,16
163,94
141,08

149
138,56
150,98
173,48
157,64
140,18

Cold Water (oF)

161,5913
155,2995
150,9283
157,1931
142,6581
144,4120
86,54

0,7857
0,6627
1,4449
2,1014
3,7875

Tabel 2.23 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Continuous Operation 0 rpm

(m x Cp)Hot
(Btu/jam oF)

(m x Cp)cold
(Btu/jam oF)

(m x Cp)min
(Btu/jam oF)

q act
(Btu/jam)

TH1 - TC4 (oF)

Keefektifan ()

322,6376
320,7948
322,7748
321,8297
321,4340
320,6177

329,6733
329,3027
329,2377
328,2841
328,5560
328,3917

322,637634
320,79481
322,774825
321,829741
321,433969
320,617737

232,2991
5631,0758
888,9419
-173,7881
-59,1401
1846,7582

96,30
122,58
95,94
79,56
109,26
101,34

0,0075
0,1432
0,0287
-0,0068
-0,0017
0,0568

hj
(Btu/hr ft2 F)

161,5913
155,2995
150,9283
157,1931
142,6581
144,4120

Tabel 2.25 Hasil Perhitungan Keefektifan Jacket Continuous Operation 300 rpm
(m x Cp)Hot
(Btu/jam oF)

(m x Cp)cold
(Btu/jam oF)

(m x Cp)min
(Btu/jam oF)

q act
(Btu/jam)

TH1 - TC4
(oF)

Keefektifan ()

hj
(Btu/hr ft2 F)

309,9337
324,3052
314,1983
321,8211
321,3435
315,9941

328,6183
328,6919
328,0293
328,3011
328,6013
328,5899

309,933722
324,305169
314,198263
321,821102
321,343531
315,99409

-14616,4743
-59,1645
1298,9959
4136,5941
-1478,7057
-532,3157

58,68
70,20
77,40
56,52
74,16
104,22

-0,8037
-0,0026
0,0534
0,2274
-0,0621
-0,0162

202,2869
189,8037
197,9147
187,5175
188,2025
195,5458