THE

ENVIRONMENT

THE PERSON

Personality
Skills & abilities
Perceptions
Attitudes
Values
Ethics

BEHAVIOUR

Organisation
Work group
Job
Personal life

Psychological factors

Personal factors

Personality
Age

Perception

Education

Attitude

Ability

Values

Creativity

learning

BEHAVIOUR
Physical facilities
Organization structure
Leadership
Reward system
work
Organisational system

Economic
Political
Social norms
Cultural values
Environmental factors

Sources: P. T. Costa and R. R. McCrae, The NEO-PI Personality Inventory (Odessa, Fla.: Psychological Assessment
Resources, 1992); J. F. Salgado, The Five Factor Model of Personality and Job Performance in the European
Community, Journal of Applied Psychology 82 (1997): 30-43.

Models

Characteristics

Openness to Experience [O]

Creative, Curious, Culture

Conscientiousness [C]

Hardworking, Organized,
Dependable

Extraversion [E]

Gregarious, Sociable, Assertive

Agreeableness [A]

Cooperative, Warm, Agreeable

Neuroticism [N]

Moody, Anxious, Jealous

Sources: P. T. Costa and R. R. McCrae, The NEO-PI Personality Inventory (Odessa, Fla.: Psychological
Assessment Resources, 1992); J. F. Salgado, The Five Factor Model of Personality and Job
Performance in the European Community, Journal of Applied Psychology 82 (1997): 30-43.

2
3

Flat structure (3
levels)

6
7
8

Tall structure (8