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Neraca Massa
Industri Gas dan Bahan Bakar
Sub Bab
Fuel Gas dan Gas Sintesis
(Disusun untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Proses Indistri Kimia)
Oleh :
Ika Utami
0609 3040 0369
3 KC
Dosen Pembimbing : Ir. Erlinawati, M.T
CO
H2
CO2
50%
Flue Gas
H2
K2CO3
H2O
H2O = 560 Kg
CO
Conventer
(3)
Reformer
(1), (2)
Absorber
Stripper
H2O
K2CO3
CO2
H2O
Methanation
Reactor
(5)
Furnace
(4)
Steam
KONDENSOR
H2O
Recycle
O2
20 Kg udara
20 Kg CH4
N2
H2
CH4 (sisa)
20 Kg udara
20 Kg CH4
O2
N2
(2) CH4
2H2O
2CO
5H2
2O2
CO2
2H2O
H2O
CO2
H2
70%
(3) CO
(4) CH4
2O2
CO2
2H2O
(5) CO
3H2
CH4
H2O
CO
H2
Reformer
Udara = 20 kg
CH4 = 20 kg
Total = 40 kg
O2 = 21%
N2 = 79%
Diketahui:
21,9kg
560kg
2H2O
31,11
1,46
2CO
1,46
29,65
1,46
= 31,11 kmol
5H2
3,65
3,65
kmol
2
BM
Kg
:
:
30
-
18
533,7
28
40,9
2
7,3
kg/kmol
kg
20kg
CH4
+
1,25
0,07245
1,17755
16
18,8408
2O2
0,1449
0,1449
32
-
CO2 +
0,07245
0,07245
44
3,1878
2H2O
0,1449
0,1449
18
2,6082
kmol
kg/kmol
kg
Keluar
C2H6
H2O
CO
H2
kmol
0,73
31,11
-
kg
21,9
560
-
Kmol
29,65
1,46
3,65
kg
533,7
40,9
7,3
CH4
O2
CO2
H2O
1,25
0,1449
-
20
4,6368
-
1,17755
0,07245
0,1449
18,8408
3,1878
2,6082
N2
0,5451
15,2628
0,5451
15,2628
Jumlah
33,78
Komposisi Flue Gas :
621,7996
36,7
621,7996
CO2 =
0,07245kmol
. 100 % = 3,73 %
1,94kmol
N2 =
H2O =
0,1449kmol
. 100 % = 7,47 %
1,94kmol
CH4 =
CO2 = 3,1878 kg
Keterangan
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
-
0,5451kmol
. 100 % = 28,1 %
1,94kmol
1,17755kmol
. 100 % = 60,7%
1,94kmol
= 0,07245 kmol
= 3,73 %
3
H2O
N2
(sisa) CH4
Total
C2H6 = 21,9 kg
H2O = 560 kg
Total = 581,9 kg
= 2,6082 kg
= 15,2628 kg
= 18,8408 kg
= 39,8996 kg
= 0,1449 kmol
= 0,5451 kmol
= 1,17755 kmol
H2 = 7,3 kg
CO = 40,9 kg
H2O = 533,7 kg
Total = 581,9 kg
Reformer
= 7,47 %
= 28,1 %
= 60,7 %
O2 : 21% = 4,6368 kg
N2 : 79% = 15,2628 kg
= 20
kg
= 39,8996 kg
Udara
CH4
Total
2. Reaksi pada CO Converter
H2 = 7,3 kg
CO = 40,9 kg
H2O = 533,7 kg
CO
Converter
CO2
H2
Total = 581,9 kg
70%
Reaksi (3) : CO
+
Mula-mula : 1,46
Bereaksi
: 1,022
H2O
29,65
1,022
CO2 +
1,022
H2
1,022
Sisa
BM
: 0,438
: 28
28,628
18
1,022
44
1,022
2
Kg
: 12,27
44,97
2,044 kg
515,31
kmol
kg/kmol
Keluar
Komponen
CO
H2O
CO2
H2
Kmol
1,46
29,65
3,65
kg
40,9
533,7
7,3
Kmol
0,438
28,628
1,022
4,672
Jumlah
34,76
581,9
1,53
H2
= 7,3
kg
CO
Converter
Kg
12,27
515,31
44,97
9,344
581,894
(dibulatkan 581,9)
Keterangan
-
(sisa) CO = 12,27
kg
4
CO = 40,9
H2O = 533,7
kg
kg
Total = 581,9 kg
kg
kg
kg
kg
CO = 12,27 kg
H2O = 515,31 kg
CO2 = 44,97 kg
H2 = 9,344 kg
K2CO3 = 2500 kg
Absorber
Total = 581,894 kg
H2O
K2CO3
CO2
Total
Tabel 3. Neraca Massa pada Absorber
Komponen
CO
H2O
CO2
H2
K2CO3
Jumlah
Input
kmol
Kg
0,438
12,27
28,628
515,31
1,022
44,97
4,672
9,344
18,116
2500
52,876 3081,894
= 515,31
= 2500
= 44,97
= 3060,28
kg
kg
kg
kg
Output
kmol
Kg
0,438
12,27
28,628
515,31
1,022
44,97
4,672
9,344
18,116
2500
52,876
3081,894
Keterangan
50% menuju furnace
50% menuju furnace
Pada stripper tidak terjadi reaksi yang mengganggu kesetimbangan mol produk ataupun
reaktan, namun hanya terjadi penyerapan CO2 dan pembuangan H2O.
CO2 = 44,97 kg
K2CO3 = 2500 kg
Stripper
H2O
= 515,31 kg
K2CO3 = 2500
kg
CO2
= 44,97 kg
Total = 3060,28 kg
H2O
= 515,31 kg
Input
kmol
28,628
1,022
18,116
52,876
Kg
515,31
44,97
2500
3081,894
Output
Keterangan
kmol
Kg
515,31
28,628
Ke waste
1,022
44,97
Diserap (dibuang)
18,116
2500
Resirkulasi menuju absorber
52,876
3081,894
-
CO =
6,135 kg
CO =
Furnace
6,135 kg
6
H2 = 4,672 kg
Total = 10,807 kg
H2 = 4,672 kg
Total = 10,807 kg
Udara = 20 kg
CH4 = 20 kg
Total = 40 kg
O2 = 21%
N2 = 79%
20kg
CH4
+
1,25
0,07245
1,17755
16
18,8408
2O2
0,1449
0,1449
32
-
CO2 +
0,07245
0,07245
44
3,1878
2H2O
0,1449
0,1449
18
2,6082
kmol
kg/kmol
kg
Keluar
Kmol
kg
CH4
O2
CO2
H2O
1,25
0,13
-
20
4,6368
-
1,17755
0,07245
0,1449
18,8408
3,1878
2,6082
N2
0,5451
15,2628
0,5451
15,2628
Jumlah
1,9251
39,8996
1,94
39,8996
CO2 = 3,1878 kg
= 0,07245 kmol
Keterangan
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
-
= 3,73 %
7
H2O
N2
(sisa) CH4
Total
= 2,6082 kg
= 15,2628 kg
= 18,8408 kg
= 39,8996 kg
CO = 6,135 kg
H2 = 4,672 kg
Total = 10,807 kg
= 0,1449 kmol
= 0,5451 kmol
= 1,17755 kmol
CO = 6,135 kg
H2 = 4,672 kg
Total = 10,807 kg
Furnace
Udara
CH4
Total
= 7,47 %
= 28,1 %
= 60,7 %
O2 : 21% = 4,6368 kg
N2 : 79% = 15,2628 kg
= 20
kg
= 39,8996 kg
CO = 6,315 kg
H2 = 4,672 kg
H2
H2O
Methanation
Reactor
Total = 10,987 kg
CH4
6,315kg
CO = 28kg / kmol
4,672kg
H2 = 2kg / kmol
= 0,225 kmol
= 2,336 kmol
Reaksi (5) : CO
+
Mula-mula : 0,225
Bereaksi
: 0,225
3H2
2,336
0,675
CH4 +
0,225
H2O
0,225
Sisa
BM
Kg
1,661
2
3,322
0,225
16
3,6
0,225 kmol
18
kg/kmol
4,05 kg
: : 28
: -
Masuk
Komponen
CO
H2
CH4
H2O
Jumlah
Keluar
kmol
0,219
2,336
2,555
Kg
6,315
4,672
10,987
kmol
1,68
0,22
0,22
-
Keterangan
Ke Kondensor
Ke furnace
Ke Kondensor
H2 = 3,322 kg
H2O = 4,05 kg
Methanation
Reactor
CO = 6,315 kg
H2O = 9,344 kg
kg
3,322
3,6
4,05
10,972
Total = 10,987 kg
H2 = 99% B
H2O = 1% B
H2 = 3,322 kg
H2O = 4,05 kg
A
Kondensor
Total = 7,372 kg
H2O = 99% C
H2 = 1% C
C
A = B + C.....................................................................................................................(1)
3,322kg
H2 = 7,327 kg 100%
54,94%
H2O (l) : 54,94%A =
H2 (l) : 45,06%A =
4,05kg
= 45,06%
5394% A = 9800% C
5394% . 7,372 kg = 9800% . C
C = 4,06 kg
B = 3,26 kg
Tabel 6. Neraca Massa padaa Kondensor
Masuk
kg A
3,322
4,05
Komponen
H2
H2O
Jumlah
Keluar
kg B
3,2274
0,0326
3,26
7,372
kg C
4,0194
0,0406
4,06
7,327
B
H2 = 99% B = 3,2274 kg
H2O = 1% B = 0,0326 kg
H2 = 3,322 kg
H2O = 4,05 kg
Total = 7,372 kg
Kondensor
C
H2O = 99% C = 4,0194 kg
H2 = 1% C = 0,0406 kg
10
N2 (g) = 79% A
O2 (g) = 21% A
N2
CO2
H2O
(sisa) C
(steam) H2O = 180 kg
C
H2
N2 (l) = 10% C
O2 (l) = 90% C
CO
Reaktor
9,16 kg
Total = 100% C
H2
C = 110 kg
N2 (g) = 79% A
O2 (g) = 21% A
Total = 220 kg
A = 220 kg
N2 (l) = 90% B
O2 (l) = 10% B
Total = 100%
Liquified
Column
C
N2 (l) = 10% C
O2 (l) = 90% C
Total = 100%
A = B + C.....................................................................................................................(1)
N2 (l) : 79% A = 90% B + 10% C..............................................................................(2) [9]
O2 (l) : 21% A = 10% B + 90% C..............................................................................(3) [1]
Eliminasi persamaan 2 dan 3
N2 (l) : 711% A = 810% B + 90% C
11
A=B+C
C =A B
= 220 kg 189,75 kg
= 30,25 kg
Tabel 10. Neraca Massa pada Liquified Column
Komponen
N2
O2
Jumlah
Masuk
kg A
173,8
46,2
220
Keluar
kg B
170,775
18,975
189,75
kg C
3,025
27,225
30,25
220
B = 189,75 kg
N2 (l) = 90% B =90% . 189,75 kg = 170,775 kg
= 189,75 kg
A = 220 kg
N2 (g) = 79% A = 79% . 220 kg = 173,8 kg
O2 (g) = 21% A = 21% . 220 kg = 46,2 kg
Total
= 220 kg
Liquified
Column
C = 30,25 kg
N2 (l) = 10% C = 10% . 30,25 kg = 3,025 kg
O2 (l) = 90% C = 90% . 30,25 kg = 27,225 kg
Total = 100% C
= 30,25 kg
(steam)
H2O = 180
O2
N2
kg
Reaktor
= 27,225 kg
= 3,025 kg
Total = 210,25 kg
C = 55 kg 2 reaksi = 110 kg
Reaksi 1 :
55kg
4,58
C (s) =
kmol
kg
12
kmol
27,225kg
=
0,85 kmol
kg
32
kmol
O2
C + O2
: 4,58 0,85
: 0,85
CO 2
-
0,85
0,85
s:
3,73
BM : 12
32
0,85
44
kg : 44,8
kmol
kg/kmol
37,4
kg
Reaksi 2 :
H2O =
180kg
10,00 kmol
18 kg
kmol
C(s) + H2O
: 4,58
10,00
: 4,58
s
: BM : 12
CO
-
C (s) =
55kg
4,58
kmol
12 kg
kmol
H2
-
4,58
4,58
4,58
5,42
18
4,58
28
4,58
2
kmol
kg/kmol
x
kg : 97,6
128,24
Tabel 11. Neraca Massa pada Reaktor
Reaksi ke-
Komponen
9,16
Masuk
Kmol
4,58
kg
Keluar
kg
55
Kmol
3,73
kg
44,8
Keterangan
Ke flue gas
13
O2
CO2
C
H2O
CO
H2
N2
Jumlah
0,85
4,58
10,00
0,108
20,118
27,225
55
180
3,025
320,25
0,85
3,65
5,42
4,58
4,58
0,108
22,918
37,4
97,6
128,24
9,16
3,025
320,225
Ke flue gas
Ke flue gas
N2
= 3,025 kg
CO2 = 37,4 kg
H2O = 97,6 kg
(sisa) C = 44,8 kg
Total
= 182,825 kg
(steam)
H2O = 180
O2
N2
kg
Reaktor
= 27,225 kg
= 3,025 kg
CO =128,24 kg
H2 = 9,16 kg
Total = 137,4 kg
Total = 210,25 kg
C = 110 kg
14
15